高分子生物抗菌胶膜的研制及抗菌效果与性能的检测

[目的]选择天然橡胶和抗菌活性物质研制成高分子生物抗菌胶膜,对其抗菌效果与性能(稳定性、腐蚀性、影响因素、毒性)进行了检测,为评价、验证、应用该产品的抗菌能力及特性提供依据。[方法]抑菌振荡烧瓶试验测定其抗菌效果和稳定性、腐蚀性、影响因素;小鼠毒理实验测定其毒性。[结果]高分子生物抗菌胶膜是以天然橡胶、海洋生物复合酶、海藻酸聚多糖、海洋甲壳胺活素为主要成分,经特殊工艺胶炼铸成。生物抗菌胶膜对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌作用10 min,抗菌率均达99.99%;置54℃下放置14 d,37℃相对湿度80%,放置90 d抑菌效果无明显影响;对不锈钢、铜无腐蚀,对碳钢、铝基本无腐蚀性;有机物50%小牛血清对该品抗菌效果无明显影响。对小鼠经口LD50>5 000 mg/kg属实际无毒级;蓄积毒性试验为弱蓄积毒性;蓄积系数k>5;眼刺激试验积分为3.0分,属无刺激性;急性皮肤刺激试验积分为0分,属无刺激性;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验为阴性,无致突变性;精子畸形试验结果为阴性。[结论]高分子生物抗菌胶膜抗菌效果好、稳定性强、无毒、无味、无刺激性、不受干扰因素影响。

Enhancing polyphenol extraction from unripe apples by carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes

The effects of process variables such as enzyme types, enzyme ratio, reaction temperature, pH, time, and ethanol concentration on the extraction of unripe apple polyphenol were investigated. The results indicated that Viscozyme L had the strongest effect on polyphenols extraction and was selected to study the polyphenol composition. The ratio of enzyme （Viscozyme L） to sobstrate （2 fungal beta-glucanase units （FBG）） at 0.02, reaction at pH 3.7, 50℃ for 12 h, and ethanol concentration of 70% were chosen as the most favorable extraction condition. Total phenolic content （TPC）, reducing sugar content （RSC）, and extraction yield increased by about 3, 1.5, and 2 times, respectively, compared with control. The contents ofp-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid increased to 8, 4, and 32 times, respectively. The enzyme-aided polyphenol extraction process from unripe apples might be applied to food industry for enhancing bioactive compound production.