四氢嘧啶对热变性凝乳酶复性作用的研究

[目的]加深对部分失活的凝乳酶复性作用的了解,为热稳定性研究中部分失活态凝乳酶的制备提供参考。[方法]研究了四氢嘧啶存在的条件下,复性时间、热处理时间和热处理温度等因素对凝乳酶复性作用的影响。[结果]随着复性时间的延长,凝乳酶的活力逐渐上升。凝乳酶的复性主要发生在前24 h,36 h后凝乳酶活力基本保持稳定,复性后凝乳酶相对酶活力最高可提升21.8百分点,能够测到凝乳酶活力(相对酶活力损失<93.3%)的热处理时间,从6 min延长到12 min。在酶活力损失相近时,含四氢嘧啶的凝乳酶在较高温度下(68~70℃)保温较短时间(1~5 min),复性所致的相对酶活力提升显著高于在较低温度下(61~65℃)长时间保温(30~180 min)。[结论]酶的热失活处理的温度和时间对酶分子结构的影响效应并不相同,较长时间的热失活处理比短时高温对酶结构的破坏更彻底。

城市自然式滨水空间的水声环境对人压力恢复的影响研究

城市滨水空间作为城市生态和休闲的重要组成部分,在心理健康和生理恢复中扮演着关键角色。该研究旨在探讨城市滨水空间中复杂的水声环境对人类压力恢复的生理效应,明确多样化水声环境对人体心率(HR)及皮肤电活动(EDA)的影响。通过实验对34名不同年龄、性别和职业背景的受试者进行研究,记录其在仿真多样性水声环境刺激前后的生理指标变化。研究发现,不同声学参数的水声对人的压力恢复产生了不同程度的影响。分析结果表明,城市滨水空间的声环境设计应综合考虑声景对人的客观影响以及人的主观感受,从而实现真正的人本化设计。研究结果为自然驳岸类型滨水空间的设计提供了科学指导,对于提升城市居民的生活质量和促进生态环境的和谐发展具有现实意义。

四氢嘧啶对凝乳酶热稳定性的影响

为研究四氢嘧啶对凝乳酶热稳定性的影响,向凝乳酶溶液中加入0.175~5.600 mmol/L的四氢嘧啶,测定不同浓度四氢嘧啶对凝乳酶活力的影响;之后测定了含0.50~2.00 mmol/L四氢嘧啶的凝乳酶溶液在69℃保温不同时间后的凝乳酶活力,将热保温后的酶溶液在4℃复性36 h,并再次测定酶活力的变化。结果显示,不同浓度四氢嘧啶对凝乳酶活力影响不大,各组酶活力均降低8.2%左右;加入四氢嘧啶会显著降低凝乳酶的热稳定性,但会发生明显的复性作用,提示四氢嘧啶可能具有维持部分失活态凝乳酶稳定性的作用。

Preparation of TiO_2-activated carbon complex membranes and their photoelectrocatalytic activity

The experimental process of preparing TiO 2 activated carbon complex membranes with activated carbon powder as main carrier, PTFE as binder and wire netting as matrix is described in detail, and both photo catalysis and photo electro catalysis are measured to study the properties of complex membranes. Experimental results show that the photo catalytic activity of the membranes is high and stable in the process of treating Rhodamine B; the application of an electric field accelerates the speed of photo catalysis, and the efficiency of photo catalysis is increased 2.5 times when the applied voltage is 0.8 V; and the degradation of Rhodamine B follows the dynamics of first order reaction. It is concluded from the discussion of experimental results that the preparation process of TiO 2 activated carbon complex membranes is a simple low cost process suitable for large scale application.

Experimental Study on Thermal Interaction of LBE and Lead Droplet with Subcooled Water

Characteristics of thermal-hydraulic interaction of LBE （45w%Pb-55w%Bi） and lead with subcooled water in pool water were investigated experimentally. Two kinds of interaction zones （deformation and fragmentation） and three kinds of interaction zones （solidification, deformation and fragmentation） were observed during LBE droplet/water interaction and lead droplet/water interaction, respectively. The fragmentation zone （FZ） could be identified exactly by two border lines： spontaneous nucleation temperature and minimum film boiling temperature. Within fragmentation zone, 10% to 35% tiny debris （diameter 〈 1 mm） of LBE and 5 to 8 kPa peak pressure generated with increasing the LBE temperature and no effect with increasing the subcooling of water. Only 2%-4% tiny debris （diameter 〈 1 mm） of lead and 2 kPa peak pressure generated regardless of lead and water temperature.

Effect of Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length on Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Complex Potential

We consider the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrǒdinger equations that describe the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensates with time-dependent scattering length in a complex potential. Our results show that as long as the integrable relation is satisfied, exact solutions of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrǒdinger equation can be found in a general closed form, and interactions between two solitons are modulated in a complex potential We find that the changes of the scattering length and trapping potential can be effectively used to control the interaction between two bright soliton.

Seismic Behavior of Confined RC ColumnComposite Beam Joints

In order to evaluate the seismic behavior of confined RC column-composite beam joints, five interior joints were tested under low cyclic reversed load. The weakening extent of flanges, the number of studs, and whether to reinforce weakened flanges were used as parameters in designing these five joints. Failure characteristics, hysteretic curves, skeleton curves, ductility, energy dissipation, strength degradation, and stiffness degradation were analyzed. The test results revealed that the steel beam flanges in the joints were equivalent to the tie rod. Weakened flanges resulted in poor seismic behavior; however, the seismic behavior could be improved by increasing studs and reinforcing weakened flanges. The joint steel plate hoops, equivalent to stirrups, did not yield when the maximum load was reached, but yielded when the failure load was reached for the joints with shear failure. Increasing stud-type joints and reinforcing flange-type joints ensured good seismic behavior and met project requirements. Based on the experimental results, the failure mechanism of the joints was discussed, and the shear capacity equations of the joints was presented.

Anti-migratory and increased cytotoxic effects of novel dual drug-loaded complex hybrid micelles in triple negative breast cancer cells

A polymer-based nanocarrier was developed for the co-delivery of epigenetic and chemotherapeutic drugs. The sterically stabilized hybrid micelle system uses micelles composed of D-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate （vitamin E TPGS or TPGS） and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine- N-[methoxy（polyethylene glycol）-2000] （DSPE-PEG2000）. In this study, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid （SAHA） and paclitaxel were used as model drugs for combination chemotherapy to enhance therapeutic efficiency in targeting mesenchyme-like triple negative breast cancer （TNBC） cells. Combination therapy of paclitaxel and SAHA in a dual drug micelle system, （P ＋ S）mic, exhibited an IC50 value of 0.52 μg/mL, which is about 5.91-fold more cytotoxic than the mere combination of free drugs （P ＋ S）. Furthermore, the （P ＋ S）mic formulation was far more effective at inhibiting cell migration by more than 3.4-fold than the control. Thus, our findings show that the co-delivery of these drugs using the micelle system greatly enhances their therapeutic effect at a lower dosage, thereby minimizing toxicity. In addition, this formulation is proved to be remarkably effective in preventing cell migration at low dosage.

The complexity of G-protein coupled receptor-ligand interactions

The G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)play fundamental roles in the human biololgy and drug discovery.GPCRs function as signalling molecules that transduce extracellular signals into cells.The signalling transduction is generally triggered by interacting with ligands,including photons,ions,small organic compounds,peptides,proteins and lipids.In this review,we focus on interactions with diffusible ligands such as hormones and neurotransmitters.We discuss three aspects of the complexity of the GPCR-ligand interactions:functional selectivity of ligands,receptor subtype selectivity of ligands and orphan GPCRs.

Investigations on the Improving Aerodynamic Performances of Last Stage Steam Turbine and Exhaust Hood under Design and Off Design Conditions

The purpose of this paper is to improve the aerodynamic performances of the last stage turbine and the exhaust hood of a 600MW steam turbine under design and off design conditions. During operation, strong flow interactions between the turbine and the exhaust hood impose influences on the flow behavior in the hood and lead to the unsatisfactory aerodynamic performance of the turbine and exhaust hood. So the exhaust hood has the potential to be improved in terms of aerodynamic efficiency. Considering the flow interactions between the turbine and the exhaust hood, the profiles of the diffuser end-wall were optimized. The coupled model turbine and model exhaust hood calculations and experiments were carried out to validate the effects of the optimization. Model experiments show that the design modifications resulted in a substantial increase in the overall pressure recovery coefficient. The flow and aerodynamic performances of the full-scale last stage turbine and full-scale exhaust hood were simulated to explore the flow physics alterations to the modification of diffuser geometry. The wet steam was selected as the flow medium. The actual flow fields trader different operation conditions were analyzed.

Interaction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zinc ions enhances cytotoxicity of zinc ions

More and more nanomaterials enter the environment along with their production, application and deposal. They may alter the biological effect of pollutants already existing in the real environment by different interactions. Therefore efforts should also be paid to investigate the combined toxicity of nanomaterials and pollutants. Herein, we studied the combined toxicity of oxi- dized multi-walled carbon nanotubes （O-MWCNTs） and zinc ions on ceils. It is found that cytotoxicity of the combined O-MWCNTs and zinc ions elevates significantly, compared with O-MWCNTs or zinc ions alone. This result comes from the assays of cell morphology, cell viability and proliferation, cell membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis. Mechanism studies indicate that O-MWCNTs absorb zinc ions and form slight aggregation. These enhance remark- ably the cellular uptake of O-MWCNTs, and thus induce the death of cells by bringing in more zinc ions into cells. Our study indicates that the existence of nanomaterials could change the bioconsequence of other pollutants and emphasizes the im- portance of the combined toxicity research in the presence of nanomaterials.

Intelligibility and Segmental Phoneme Repair Strategies in English-as-a-Lingua-Franca Interactions among Chinese and Japanese Speakers of English

This is a qualitative study of the types of segmental repair that maintain mutual intelligibility in English-as-a-Lingua-Franca interactions among Chinese and Japanese speakers of English （Jenkins, 2000; Matsumoto 2011; O＇Neal 2015a, 2015b, 2015c, 2015d, 2016, in press）. Repair refers to a set of practices through which conversation participants stop the ongoing action to attend to actual or potential problems 1：o the maintenance of mutual intelligibility （Schegloff, 2007; N^meth, 2012）. Although anything can potentially be a problem to the maintenance of mutual intelligibility, this study focuses only on instances of the repair of segmental phonemes so that the pronunciation remains mutually intelligible. Using conversation analytic methodology to examine a corpus of repair sequences concerning pronunciation among Chinese and Japanese students at a Japanese university, this study claims that three segmental repair strategies are used in the interactions to maintain mutually intelligible pronunciation： segmental phoneme modification, segmental phoneme insertion, and segmental phoneme deletion.