介绍一种改良的抗酸染色法

本文介绍并通过实验证明了一种建立的改良抗酸染色法与常规染色法具有同样的可靠性。

Fixation of Multiple Metals in Contaminated Soil by Different Passivators

The effects of 4 passivators, zeolite, lime, red mud and peanut shell biochar, on the fixation of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in acidic multi-metal contaminated soils were studied by passivator culture experiment in order to screen out the passivator with better fixation effects. The results showed that the soil pH values of zeolite, lime, red mud and peanut shell biochar increased significantly by 0.511.02, 0.821.29, 0.720.89 and 0.300.35 respectively. The effects of 4 passivators on the fixation of Cd and Zn in soil are lime>red mud>zeolite>peanut shell biochar. The order of effects on the fixation of Pb is red mud>lime>zeolite>peanut shell biochar. The order of the fixation effects of Cu is red mud>lime>peanut shell carbon>zeolite. The contents of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the extractable state of CaCl2 decreased with the increase in the dosage of 4 passivators. Lime and red mud showed good fixation effects on Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn. The contents of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the extractable state of CaCl2 at the low dosage(2.5 g/kg) of lime and red mud decreased by 41%, 84%, 76% and 83% respectively. Soil pH value was negatively correlated with CaCl2-Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn(P<0.01). Lime and red mud had significant fixation effects on Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in acidic multi-metal contaminated soils at low application dosages.

Effects of 4 Types of Remediation Agents on Reducing Cd Contents in Soil and Rice on Cd-contaminated Farmland

A field experiment was carried out in Cd-contaminated rice fields in a county of Hengyang to explore the effects of different types of remediation agents on the contents of soil available Cd and rice Cd,and rice yield by using one rice variety Longliangyouhuazhan,and 4 kinds of remediation agents:DG foliar control agent,SMA microbial inoculant,XFJ organic fertilizer and LXM calcium-and silicon-based passivator as test materials.The results showed that compared with CK,after applying DG foliar control agent,soil available Cd content increased rather than decreased,whereas rice Cd content decreased,not reaching a significant level.When applied with SMA microbial inoculant,soil pH value,soil available Cd and rice Cd contents showed a downward then upward trend with the increase of its application rates.Between 3 levels of SMA treatments,the content of soil available Cd in SMA2 was the lowest,decreased by 8.59%in comparison with CK,contrarily,two other SMA treatments were increasing instead of decreasing in the content of soil available Cd.The application of XFJ organic fertilizer and LXM calcium-and silicon-based passivator increased soil pH value,and reduced soil available Cd and rice Cd contents;the contents of soil available Cd and rice Cd decreased with their application rates increasing.Compared with CK,XFJ3 reduced soil available Cd content by 9.40%,and significantly reduced rice Cd content by 57.28%.In LXM3 treatment,soil available Cd content reduced by 14.57%,rice Cd content was 71.57%lower than CK,reaching the lowest level.In general,LXM calcium-and silicon-based passivator had the best Cd reduction effect,with the optimal application amount of 6000 kg/hm^(2).

几种普通染料及原料在植物切片上的使用

经过试验,我们选用了几种普通染料及原料来代替一些常用的植物制片用的染料及原料。利用苏木溶液染细胞核;红汞药水染细胞质;“品红”、“品绿”染本质部;“煮绿”、“大红”染木质部以外的部分;松香溶液代替加拿大树胶。在将近两年时间里,切片尚未发现不良现象。

Natural Organic Amendments for Improved Phytoremediation of Polluted Soils:A Review of Recent Progress

Environmental pollution caused by metals, radionuclides and organic pollutants affects quality of the biosphere: soil, water and air.Currently, great efforts have been made to reduce, remove or stabilize contaminants in polluted sites. There has been increasing interest in phytoremediation—the use of plants to reduce concentration of pollutants or to render them harmless. This paper provides a brief review of recent progress in the research and practical application of phytoremediation techniques. Improvements in phytoremediation due to utilization of organic amendments, namely, agro- and industrial wastes(such as sugar beet residue, composted sewage sludge or molasses), biochar, humic substances, plant extracts and exudates are discussed, as well as their influences on soil structure and characteristics, plants growth and bioavailability of pollutants. Both plant-assisted phytoremediation and the use of natural materials in the absence of remediating plant are believed to be cost-effective and environmentally friendly approaches for soil cleanup. However,the characterization and quantification of a range of natural materials used in phytoremediation are essential in order to implement these approaches to practice.

Ternary Fe3O4@PANI@Au nanocomposites as a magnetic catalyst for degradation of organic dyes

Magnetic Fe_3O_4@PANI@Au nanocomposites are fabricated through electrostatic self-assembly and seed growth methods.The rate constant K_(app) is calculated to be 8.63×10^(-3) s^(-1) at room temperature for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol with an excessive amount of NaBH_4 as a model system showing outstanding catalytic efficiency and stability.For recyclable performance,the catalyst exhibits slight loss in catalytic performance on the conversion of 4-nitrophenol after running for more than 10 cycles.Besides,the smaller and simpler the structure,the easier the molecular structure can be degraded,and the faster the cationic dyes can be degraded than the anionic dyes,which can reveal the selectivity.For practical application,Congo red as a pollutant of the lake water is degraded rapidly after Fe_3O_4@PANI@Au is added to the solution in a few minutes.It has been demonstrated that magnetic Fe_3O_4@PANI@Au nanoparticle composite is a promising catalyst for environment sewage.