螯合态活性复混肥中钾细菌存活性初探

研究了将化肥、微生物肥料、螯合态微量元素、有机质、矿物质混合造粒的多元复混肥中特定活体微生物——钾细菌的存活性。该制剂在化肥等无机物含量为 70 %的高渗条件下 ,加入钾细菌的活菌回收率达40 %～ 75 % ;室温条件下保存半年至一年其中钾细菌含量无明显下降。该制剂是一种营养全面、易保存、使用方便。

ZF表面活性复合剂的综合性能评价

利用常规化学分析方法和微观电镜扫描,分析了一种具有双键结构体的新型生物表面活性复合剂———ZF表面活性复合剂的物化性能、界面特性、润湿性能及杀菌性能等;通过伤害实验,对复合剂的相关特性进行了定量化描述.评价结果表明:该生物表面活性复合剂和水质配伍性良好;对聚合物溶液黏度没有影响;具有良好的润湿和杀菌效果;对地层没有伤害.

ZF表面活性复合剂的驱油效果实验

ZF表面活性复合剂具有分散、渗透、剥离、杀菌及亲油亲水的特性,能和任何酸碱溶液混合,对各种设备、管线不会造成腐蚀,并且无污染.采用三层复合韵律岩心,使用该表面活性复合剂进行了驱油实验.结果表明:转注ZF表面活性复合剂时机提前,驱替过程中累计注入孔隙体积减小,可以减少注入水量,有效节约成本;在水驱至含水率90.17%,转注0.2 PV质量浓度为300 mg/L的该复合剂时,采收率将在水驱33.54%的基础上提高9.24%.

鸡新城疫水－油－水型活性复乳的研制和免疫研究

水－油－水（Ｗ／Ｏ／Ｗ）型活性复乳是将油包水初乳（Ｗ／Ｏ）进一步分散在水相中经过二次乳化，使用时并配以新城疫弱毒疫苗联合制成。采用透析法测定复乳的形成率分别为９５．０％，８９．３％，８８．０％和８４．４％，雏鸡免疫后４ｄＨＩ抗体即明显升高，井持续２个月以上；对育成鸡的加强免疫持续期达１４个月，滴鼻或肌注攻毒全保护，证实新城疫Ｗ／Ｏ／Ｗ活性复乳已达到实用要求。

植物高活性复合剂对龙眼经济性状的研究

应用植物高活性剂和不同浓度CaCl2制备的复合剂对石硖、储良和古山品种龙眼进行研究,试验结果表明:(1)龙眼的平均单果重比对照分别提高了27.1%~35.47%、62.61%%~70.32%和5.99%~10.16%;(2)平均可溶性固形物含量比对照分别提高了3.16%~5.03%、0.10%~5.47%和-5.53%^-1.88%;(3)经处理的龙眼裂果率分别降至0.00~2.10%、0.00%~11.42%和0.00%~3.21%;(4)龙眼平均可食部分含量比对照分别提高了1.02%~2.77%和9.00%~10.07%.

SH-1表面活性复合剂驱油机理

随着科学技术的日新月异的发展,各种高新技术渗透并应用到石油开采工业.SH-1表面活性复合剂是经过多次筛选。利用高效的活性组份,针对采油中的地质构造情况不同,石油组成不同,制成一种新型石油开采驱油产品。(2003年3月(石油知识)杂志上曾用名'双键体生物表面活性剂'通过讨论改为SH-1表面活性复合剂更符合机理)。

活性肽-N对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的作用效果

为了探讨一种新型抗衰老活性因子——活性肽-N食用后的抗衰老作用,本研究通过给小鼠连续皮下注射D-半乳糖(200 mg/(kg·d),以体质量计,下同)建立衰老模型,造模的同时开始灌胃2.5、25.0、125.0μg/(kg·d)活性肽-N复乳,连续9周。分别采用旷场实验和Morris水迷宫实验检测小鼠的运动探究能力和学习记忆能力。上述行为学实验后,对小鼠血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活力、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量及脑组织中的乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetyl cholinesterase,ACh E)活力进行测定。结果表明,与衰老模型组相比,活性肽-N复乳高剂量组能显著提高衰老小鼠的运动探究能力,改善其学习记忆能力,提高血清中的GSH-Px活力28.38%(P<0.05),降低MDA含量26.19%(P<0.05),同时降低脑组织中的ACh E活力23.26%(P<0.05)。综合结果表明该活性肽-N对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠具有明显的抗衰老作用。

黄土滑坡的基本类型与活动特征

按滑体岩土组成和滑面发育位置 ,黄土地区的滑坡可划分为黄土层内滑坡、黄土接触面滑坡、黄土 泥岩顺层滑坡、黄土 泥岩切层滑坡 4种基本类型。黄土接触面滑坡、黄土 泥岩顺层滑坡的滑速低、滑距短 ,滑体具有稳定性差、复活性强的特点。黄土层内滑坡、黄土 泥岩切层滑坡的滑速高、滑距长 ,滑体稳定性高。但后壁不稳定 ,易再次滑动。这些基本规律对黄土滑坡研究和防治、滑坡灾害预测有一定指导意义和实用价值。

Synergism and Field Efficacy of Mixed Preparations of Pyraclostrobin and Tebuconazole to Glomerella cingulata

[Objective] This study was conducted to screen high-efficient low-toxicity new compound preparation for control of Glomerella cingulata. [Method] The toxicity of pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole and their mixed preparations to Glomerella cingulata was determined by mycelial growth rate method, and their control effects on Glomerella cingulata were evaluated by field efficacy test. [Result] The mixed preparations of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole at mass ratios of 5：1, 3：1, 1：1, 1：3 and 1：5 exhibited ECso values to mycelial growth of Glomerella cingulata of 0.612 9, 0.530 1, 0.232 6, 0.232 8 and 0.329 6 iJg/ml, respectively; and the 5 preparations exhibit- ed synergistic coefficients （SRs） to Glomerella cingulata of 1.29, 1.33, 2.29, 1.84 and 1.22, respectively, and among them, the preparation with mass ratio of 1：1 showed the highest synergism. The field efficacy test showed that the field control effects of 1 000 times, 2 000 times and 3 000 times dilutions of 25% pyraclostrobin-tebuconazole suspension, 5 000 times dilution of 430 g/L tebuconazole suspension and 2 000 times dilution of 250 g/L pyraclostrobin EC were 91.54%, 90.80%, 82.88%, 76.43% and 74.10%, respectively. [Conclusions] Therefore, the mixed preparations of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole showed remarkable synergism on control of Glomerella cingulata, and preparation with the mixing ratio of 1：1 exhibited the most significant synergism on Glomerella cingulata. For soaking treatment to fruit clusters with 1 000-2 000 times dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin .tebuconazole suspension, the field efficacy to Glomerella cingulata was over 90%.

Photocatalytic activity and kinetics for acid yellow degradation over surface composites of TiO_2-coated activated carbon under different photocatalytic conditions

TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to estimate activity of catalysts and determine the kinetics. And the effects of parameters including the initial concentration of AY, light intensity and TiO2 content in catalysts were examined. The results indicate that TAs has a higher efficiency in decomposition of AY than P25, pure TiO2 particles as well as the mixture of TiO2 powder and active carbon. The photocatalytic degradation rate is found to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the AY concentration. The new kinetic model fairly resembles the classic Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, and the rate constant is proportional to the square root of the light intensity in a wide range. However, its absorption performance depends on the surface areas of catalysts. The model fits quite well with the experimental data and elucidates phenomena about the effects of the TiO2 content in TAs on the degradation rate.

肿瘤的形成与治疗

肿瘤是人体内的正常细胞在各种致癌因素的作用下,局部组织的细胞异常增生而形成的新的组织细胞,这种新的组织细胞常表现为局部肿块。 西医认为肿瘤细胞是从正常细胞转变而采的,但当它变为肿瘤细胞后,就具有异常形态、代谢功能,它异型生长旺盛,呈相对无止境生长,与整个机体不协调,并在不同程度上失去了发育成熟的能力,有些甚至具有接近幼稚胚胎细胞的表现。 中国传统医学认为,人得病是在喜、怒、忧、思、悲、惊、恐等七情影响身体的状态下而形成的。人极度的愤怒,就会伤害肝脏而引起肝病;喜会影响心,增加人体血液循环的速度;思、悲影响脾的功能,减少免疫淋巴细胞的数量;忧会影响肺,降低体内氧气和二氧化碳进行气体交换;惊、恐则会影响肾的功能,降低人体对有害物质的防御功能。

Preparation and application of g-C_3N_4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite with enhanced electrocatalytic activity

We successfully designed and prepared a g-C3N4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite by a simple method and systematically investigated its morphology,microstructure,and electrocatalytic properties.The as-prepared g-C3N4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite possessed the electrocatalytic activity of g-C3N4-ZnS and the conductivity of DNA.The presence of DNA was found to enhance the electrocatalytic response of the nanocomposite towards environmental hormones,e.g.pentachlorophenol and nonylphenol,owing to the interaction between g-C3N4-ZnS and DNA,indicating that a stable nanocomposite was formed.The three components showed synergistic effects during electrocatalysis.Electrochemical impedance spectra indicated that the g-C3N4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite dramatically facilitated the electron transfer of a modified electrode.The co-doping of g-C3N4 film with ZnS and DNA doubled the electrochemical response of the modified electrode in comparison with that of unmodified g-C3N4 film.The detection limits（3 S/N） of pentachlorophenol and nonylphenol were3.3×10^-9 mol L^-1.Meanwhile,we propose a possible Z-scheme mechanism for electron transfer in the g-C3N4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite and the possible pentachlorophenol and nonylphenol electrocatalytic oxidation mechanism.The g-C3N4-ZnS-DNA nanocomposite-modified electrode was demonstrated to be effective for electrochemical sensing of trace environmental hormones in water samples.

Preparation and oxidation behaviour of electrodeposited Ni-CeO_2 nanocomposite coatings

Ni-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings with different CeO2 contents were prepared by codeposition of Ni and CeO2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 7 nm onto pure Ni surfaces from a nickel sulfate. The CeO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in the electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni grains （with a size range of 10-30 nm）. The isothermal oxidation behaviours of Ni-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings with two different CeO2 particles contents and the electrodeposited pure Ni coating were comparatively investigated in order to elucidate the effect of CeO2 at different temperatures and also CeO2 contents on the oxidation behaviour of Ni-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings. The results show that the as-codeposited Ni-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings have a superior oxidation resistance compared with the electrodeposited pure Ni coating at 800 °C due to the codeposited CeO2 nanoparticles blocking the outward diffusion of nickel along the grain boundaries. However, the effects of CeO2 particles on the oxidation resistance significantly decrease at 1050 °C and 1150 °C due to the outward-volume diffusion of nickel controlling the oxidation growth mechanism, and the content of CeO2 has little influence on the oxidation.

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Biological Activity of Reclaimed Soil

As per randomized block design, the research had different fertilizer treatments, and the organic matter, respiration, enzyme activity and microbial carbon and nitrogen in reclaimed soil were studied. Fertilization schemes were as follows： The treatment without fertilizers（CK）, the treatment with chemical fertilizers（C）, the treatment with chemical fertilizers and bacterial fertilizer（CB）, the treatment with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers（CM）, and the treatment with chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer（CMB）. The results showed： Four fertilization treatments could improve the content of soil organic matter. CMB, CM and CB could significantly improve the soil respiration. Organic fertilizer and fertilizer could significantly improve soil enzyme activity, In different growth stages the CMB treatment had highest urease and phosphatase.The most significant in the treatment content of sucrose was CM. Organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer can significantly improve the microbial carbon and nitrogen in soil. For the microbial biomass carbon, the CMB treatment increased by 11%-34% than CB treatment, and 35%-63% than C treatment. In terms of microbial nitrogen CMB, CM respectively increased by 31%-51% than CB treatment, and 52%-100% compared with C. In the process of land reclamation, we should combine the organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. Only in this way can soil biological activity be accelerated, soil microbial environment improved, and the ripening increased soil nutrient and soil cultivation be enhanced.

PSⅡ Photochemistry and Xanthophyll Cycle in Two Superhigh-yield Rice Hybrids, Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 During Photoinhibition and Subsequent Restoration

PSⅡ photochemistry and xanthophyll cycle during photoinhibition (exposed to strong light of 2 000 μmol photons·m -2 ·s -1 ) and the subsequent restoration were compared between two superhigh_yield rice hybrids (Liangyoupeijiu and Hua_an 3, the newly developed rice hybrids from two parental lines) and the traditional rice hybrid Shanyou 63 developed from three parental lines. The results showed that the maximal efficiency of PSⅡ photochemistry ( Fv/Fm ), the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSⅡ centers ( Fv′/Fm′ ), and the yield of PSⅡ electron transport ( Φ PSⅡ ) of the three rice hybrids decreased during photoinhibition. However, a greater decrease in Fv/Fm , Fv′/Fm′ , and Φ PSⅡ was observed in Shanyou 63 than in Liangyoupeijiu and Hua_an 3. At the same time, the components of xanthophyll cycle, antherxanthin (A) and zeathanxin (Z) increased rapidly while violaxanthin (V) decreased considerably. Both the rate of accumulation and the amount of A and Z in the two superhigh_yield rice hybrids were higher than that in Shanyou 63. The de_epoxidation state (DES) of xanthophyll cycle increased rapidly with the fast accumulation of A and Z, and reached the maximal level after first 30 min during photoinhibition. Of the three hybrids, the increasing rate of DES in Liangyoupeijiu and Hua_an 3 was higher than that in Shanyou 63. After photoinhibition treatment, the plant materials were transferred to a dim light (70 μmol photons·m -2 ·s -1 ) for restoration. During restoration, both chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and xanthophyll cycle relaxed gradually, but the rate and level of restoration in the two superhigh_yield rice hybrids were higher than those in Shanyou 63. Our results suggest that Liangyoupeijiu and Hua_an 3 had higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher capacity of non_radiative energy dissipation associated with xanthophyll cycle, as well as higher rate of restoration after photoinhibition, than Shanyou 63 when subjected to strong light.

Comparison Between the Influences of Phosphatidylcholine and Triton X-100 on the Protein Secondary Structures and Oxygen-evolving Activity of Photosystem Ⅱ

The structural and functional alterations within the PSⅡ membrane from phosphatidylcholine reconstitution and Triton X_100 (TX_100) treatment were studied by using Fourier transform_infrared (FT_IR) spectroscopic technique and oxygen electrode. Phosphatidylcholine reconstitution showed no significant effect on the protein secondary structures of PSⅡ membrane but an increase of the rate of PSⅡ_mediated oxygen_evolution. The phosphatidylcholine lipids with different length of acyl chains displayed different capabilities to stimulate oxygen_evolution. In contrast, perturbation of the bilayer lipids by TX_100 resulted in obvious changes of the protein secondary structures within the PSⅡ membrane and in the loss of the PSⅡ_mediated oxygen_evolving activity. The results indicate the importance of membrane integrity in maintaining the stability of the photosynthetic membrane proteins.

Characterization of V_2O_5/MoO_3 composite photocatalysts prepared via electrospinning and their photodegradation activity for dimethyl phthalate

Vanadium pentoxide（V2O5）/molybdenum trioxide（MoO 3） composites with different molar ratios of vanadium（V） to molybdenum（Mo） were synthesized via a simple electrospinning technique. The photocatalytic activity of the composites were evaluated by their ability to photodegrade methylene blue and dimethyl phthalate（DMP） under visible-light irradiation. Compared with pure V2O5 and MoO 3,the V2O5/MoO 3 composites showed enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity because of a V 3d impurity energy level and the formation of heterostructures at the interface between V2O5 and MoO 3. The optimal molar ratio of V to Mo in the V2O5/MoO 3 composites was found to be around 1/2. Furthermore,high-performance liquid chromatographic monitoring revealed that phthalic acid was the main intermediate in the photocatalytic degradation process of DMP.

Preparation by enzymolysis and bioactivity of iron complex of fish protein hydrolysate (Fe-FPH) from low value fish

Preparation of Fe^2＋ chelate of fish protein hydrolysate （Fe-FPH） obtained from low value fish proteins was introduced and its bioactivity was studied by compound enzymolysis. The optimum conditions for hydrolysate chelating Fe^2＋ are DH （degree of hydrolysis） at 5%, pH 7.0, 20℃ and 15 min chelating time for FM （material not being defatted）. Four types of Fe-FPH including CA （deposit after chelating）, CB （deposit in 50% of absolute ethanol solution）, CC （suspended deposit in 80% of absolute ethanol solution）, and CD （bottom deposit in 80% of absolute ethanol solution） were fractionated with absolute ethanol from FM. Structural analysis through infra-red spectrum revealed that Fe^2＋ was combined strongly with amino-group and carboxyl-group in each chelate and each Fe^2＋ could form two five-member ring structures. All of the four chelates were shown more significant antioxidative activity and can be used as natural hydrophobic and hydrophilic antioxidant. Among all the chelates, the CB possesses the most effective antioxidative activity at 92% as high as that of a-tocopherol. Among all Fe-FPHs, only CD showed the most effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Bacillus subtilis and can be used as natural antibacterial. It provides a more effective way for utilization of low value fish proteins and key information of Fe-FPH as additive in food industry.

Trichosanthin inhibits T cell activation by interfering with the recruitment of ZAP-70 to CD3 ζchain

Plant protein Trichosanthin (Tk) has been shown in our previous experiments to suppress antigenic response of T cells. Here we explored its inhibitory mechanisms on the proliferation of human Jurkat leukemia T cell triggered by anti-CD3 McAb. By examination of tyrosine phosphorylation of cell lysate, we were able to show that Tk could interfere with the PTK-related activity in the TCR/CD3initiated signal transduction in addition to blocking the phosphorylation of PKC. As shown in our experiment,the expression intensity of ZAP-70, a kind of protein tyrosine kinase, was not changed but its phosphorylation could be inhibited. When physical link between CD3(chain and ZAP-70 was further examined by using coimmunoprecipitation after pluse-treatment of the cell line with Tk, the anti-CD3 McAb-induced recruitment of ZAP70 to CD3 ζ chain was observed to be blocked in some extent. This may account for, at least in part, how Trichosanthin was able to inhibit the TCR-triggered T cell proliferation.

Remediation of Pb-contaminated port sediment by biosurfactant from Bacillus sp.G1

The remediation of Pb-contaminated port sediment by biosurfactant from a new isolated Bacillus sp.G1was studied.ThePb removal efficiencies were investigated under multi-levels of water-solid ratio,pH and ionic strength.Result showed thatexchangeable speciation of Pb could be removed by maximum removal capacity of76.8mg/g after leaching.The Langmuir isothermreflected the adsorption process best to fit the experimental adsorption equilibrium data.Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR)indicated that C=O and-CH3may be the functional groups.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis showed that thesurface of the port sediment became much smoother after adsorption interaction,which reflected that the complexation between Pbions and biosurfactant was more stable.The results indicated that the biosurfactant of Bacillus sp.G1could remove Pb effectivelyfrom the Pb-contaminated port sediment(PCPS)and suggested a novel method for PCPS remediation.