In order to solve principal-agent problems caused by interest inconformity and information asymmetry during information security outsourcing, it is necessary to design a reasonable incentive mechanism to promote clien...In order to solve principal-agent problems caused by interest inconformity and information asymmetry during information security outsourcing, it is necessary to design a reasonable incentive mechanism to promote client enterprises to complete outsourcing service actively. The incentive mechanism model of information security outsourcing is designed based on the principal-agent theory. Through analyzing the factors such as enterprise information assets value, invasion probability, information security environment, the agent cost coefficient and agency risk preference degree how to impact on the incentive mechanism, conclusions show that an enterprise information assets value and invasion probability have a positive influence on the fixed fee and the compensation coefficient; while information security environment, the agent cost coefficient and agency risk preference degree have a negative influence on the compensation coefficient. Therefore, the principal enterprises should reasonably design the fixed fee and the compensation coefficient to encourage information security outsourcing agency enterprises to the full extent.展开更多
The paper provides information about the concept and the characteristics of the service outsourcing. It also analyzes the service outsourcing classification and the modem economy theory of the service outsourcing. Thr...The paper provides information about the concept and the characteristics of the service outsourcing. It also analyzes the service outsourcing classification and the modem economy theory of the service outsourcing. Through the analysis, we hope to provide the foundation for further study.展开更多
Much has been written and researched about transformational change and the exogenous events that result in radical institutional transformation （Di Maggio ＆ Powell, 1983; Hannan＆ Freeman, 1989; Fligstein, 1996; Zor...Much has been written and researched about transformational change and the exogenous events that result in radical institutional transformation （Di Maggio ＆ Powell, 1983; Hannan＆ Freeman, 1989; Fligstein, 1996; Zorn, Dobbin, ＆ Kwok, 2006）. Accounts are provided of external agents disturbing the existing stasis of the institution and transforming the institution into something else that reflect a new paradigm or set of interests. Often, what is neglected in these accounts is what fractures exist in the original institution that would make them vulnerable and allow penetration by exogenous influences. Mahoney and Thelen （20 l 0） went beyond a general model of change that described the collapse of one set of institutional norms to be replaced by another. The model of change they propose takes into account both exogenous as well as endogenous factors as being the source of institutional change. They went on to state a view that transformation change as being a result of abrupt, wholesale breakdown needs to be rethought to include incremental, endogenous shifts in thinking that can often result in fundamental transformations.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to investigate the consensus of the multi-agent systems w/th nonlinear coupling function and external disturbances. The disturbance includes two parts, one part is supposed to be generat...The objective of this paper is to investigate the consensus of the multi-agent systems w/th nonlinear coupling function and external disturbances. The disturbance includes two parts, one part is supposed to be generated by an exogenous system, which is not required to be neutrally stable as in the output regulation theory, the other part is the modeling uncertainty in the exogenous disturbance system. A novel composite disturbance observer based control （DOBC） and H∞ control scheme is presented so that the disturbance with the exogenous system can be estimated and compensated and the consensus of the multi-agent systems with fixed and switching graph can be reached by using Hoo control law. Simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed DOBC and H∞ control scheme.展开更多
On the base of benzimidazole and benzofuran containing heterocyclic system, several derivatives with expected biological activity were synthesized. 2,3-diaminodibenzofuran was the primary substance. Adding various cyc...On the base of benzimidazole and benzofuran containing heterocyclic system, several derivatives with expected biological activity were synthesized. 2,3-diaminodibenzofuran was the primary substance. Adding various cyclic agents, 2-phenil was got, 2-（o-chlorophenil）, 2-（o-oxyphenil）, 2-chlorometyl- and 2-hydroximethyl-3H-benzo[b[furo（3,2-f] benzimidazoles. The aforementioned substances were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy.展开更多
This paper concerns the disturbance rejection problem arising in the coordination control of a group of autonomous agents subject to external disturbances. The agent network is said to possess a desired level of distu...This paper concerns the disturbance rejection problem arising in the coordination control of a group of autonomous agents subject to external disturbances. The agent network is said to possess a desired level of disturbance rejection, if the H∞ norm of its transfer function matrix from the disturbance to the controlled output is satisfactorily small. Undirected graph is used to represent the information flow topology among agents. It is shown that the disturbance rejection problem of an agent network can be solved by analyzing the H∞ control problem of a set of independent systems whose dimensions are equal to that of a single node. An interesting result is that the disturbance rejection ability of the whole agent network coupled via feedback of merely relative measurements between agents will never be better than that of an isolated agent. To improve this, local feedback injections are applied to a small fraction of tile agents in the network. Some criteria for possible performance improvement are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, extensions to the case when communication time delays exist are also discussed.展开更多
In this study, we present the preparation of stable 1T-WS2 ultrathin nanosheets with NH~ intercalation using a bottom-up hydrothermal method and the potential application of this material in light-induced photothermal...In this study, we present the preparation of stable 1T-WS2 ultrathin nanosheets with NH~ intercalation using a bottom-up hydrothermal method and the potential application of this material in light-induced photothermal cancer therapy. Our results revealed that nanosheets with a size of 150 nm were highly hydrophilic and exhibited strong light absorption and excellent photostability in the broad near-infrared wavelength region. The in vitro experimental results indicated good biocompatibility of the nanosheets. More notably, our in vivo antitumor experiments illustrated that light-induced photothermal ablation originating from irradiation of the 1T-WS2 nanosheets with an 808 nm laser could efficiently kill tumor cells; these effects were obtained not only at the cellular level but also in the living organs of mice. This result may lead to new applications of two-dimensional layered materials in novel photothermal therapies and other photothermal related fields.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71071033)the Youth Foundation of Humanity and Social Scienceof Ministry of Education of China(No.11YJC630234)
文摘In order to solve principal-agent problems caused by interest inconformity and information asymmetry during information security outsourcing, it is necessary to design a reasonable incentive mechanism to promote client enterprises to complete outsourcing service actively. The incentive mechanism model of information security outsourcing is designed based on the principal-agent theory. Through analyzing the factors such as enterprise information assets value, invasion probability, information security environment, the agent cost coefficient and agency risk preference degree how to impact on the incentive mechanism, conclusions show that an enterprise information assets value and invasion probability have a positive influence on the fixed fee and the compensation coefficient; while information security environment, the agent cost coefficient and agency risk preference degree have a negative influence on the compensation coefficient. Therefore, the principal enterprises should reasonably design the fixed fee and the compensation coefficient to encourage information security outsourcing agency enterprises to the full extent.
文摘The paper provides information about the concept and the characteristics of the service outsourcing. It also analyzes the service outsourcing classification and the modem economy theory of the service outsourcing. Through the analysis, we hope to provide the foundation for further study.
文摘Much has been written and researched about transformational change and the exogenous events that result in radical institutional transformation （Di Maggio ＆ Powell, 1983; Hannan＆ Freeman, 1989; Fligstein, 1996; Zorn, Dobbin, ＆ Kwok, 2006）. Accounts are provided of external agents disturbing the existing stasis of the institution and transforming the institution into something else that reflect a new paradigm or set of interests. Often, what is neglected in these accounts is what fractures exist in the original institution that would make them vulnerable and allow penetration by exogenous influences. Mahoney and Thelen （20 l 0） went beyond a general model of change that described the collapse of one set of institutional norms to be replaced by another. The model of change they propose takes into account both exogenous as well as endogenous factors as being the source of institutional change. They went on to state a view that transformation change as being a result of abrupt, wholesale breakdown needs to be rethought to include incremental, endogenous shifts in thinking that can often result in fundamental transformations.
基金Supported by the National Excellence Youth Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60925012the National Basic Research Science Program of China under Grant No.2012CB720000+3 种基金973 Programthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60875039,60904022,60805039,and 60774013the Science Foundation of China postdoctoral under Grant No.2011M500205the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China under Grant No.ZR2011FM017
文摘The objective of this paper is to investigate the consensus of the multi-agent systems w/th nonlinear coupling function and external disturbances. The disturbance includes two parts, one part is supposed to be generated by an exogenous system, which is not required to be neutrally stable as in the output regulation theory, the other part is the modeling uncertainty in the exogenous disturbance system. A novel composite disturbance observer based control （DOBC） and H∞ control scheme is presented so that the disturbance with the exogenous system can be estimated and compensated and the consensus of the multi-agent systems with fixed and switching graph can be reached by using Hoo control law. Simulations demonstrate the advantages of the proposed DOBC and H∞ control scheme.
文摘On the base of benzimidazole and benzofuran containing heterocyclic system, several derivatives with expected biological activity were synthesized. 2,3-diaminodibenzofuran was the primary substance. Adding various cyclic agents, 2-phenil was got, 2-（o-chlorophenil）, 2-（o-oxyphenil）, 2-chlorometyl- and 2-hydroximethyl-3H-benzo[b[furo（3,2-f] benzimidazoles. The aforementioned substances were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants Nos. 10832006 and 60674093
文摘This paper concerns the disturbance rejection problem arising in the coordination control of a group of autonomous agents subject to external disturbances. The agent network is said to possess a desired level of disturbance rejection, if the H∞ norm of its transfer function matrix from the disturbance to the controlled output is satisfactorily small. Undirected graph is used to represent the information flow topology among agents. It is shown that the disturbance rejection problem of an agent network can be solved by analyzing the H∞ control problem of a set of independent systems whose dimensions are equal to that of a single node. An interesting result is that the disturbance rejection ability of the whole agent network coupled via feedback of merely relative measurements between agents will never be better than that of an isolated agent. To improve this, local feedback injections are applied to a small fraction of tile agents in the network. Some criteria for possible performance improvement are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, extensions to the case when communication time delays exist are also discussed.
文摘In this study, we present the preparation of stable 1T-WS2 ultrathin nanosheets with NH~ intercalation using a bottom-up hydrothermal method and the potential application of this material in light-induced photothermal cancer therapy. Our results revealed that nanosheets with a size of 150 nm were highly hydrophilic and exhibited strong light absorption and excellent photostability in the broad near-infrared wavelength region. The in vitro experimental results indicated good biocompatibility of the nanosheets. More notably, our in vivo antitumor experiments illustrated that light-induced photothermal ablation originating from irradiation of the 1T-WS2 nanosheets with an 808 nm laser could efficiently kill tumor cells; these effects were obtained not only at the cellular level but also in the living organs of mice. This result may lead to new applications of two-dimensional layered materials in novel photothermal therapies and other photothermal related fields.
