品管圈在降低心理科住院患者外出率中的应用研究

目的探讨品管圈活动在降低心理科住院患者外出率中的应用效果。方法成立品管圈活动小组,通过品管圈活动步骤,针对心理科开放病区住院患者外出率高的情况进行调查分析,提出改进对策并予以实施。结果开展品管圈活动后住院患者外出率由40.62%下降到15.62%。结论开展品管圈活动对降低心理科住院患者外出率起到了积极的推动作用,增强了工作人员参与安全管理的意识,提高了对心理科工作的满足感,发挥了工作的积极性与主动性。

品管圈活动对降低五官科住院患者外出率的影响

目的：探讨品管圈活动对降低五官科住院患者外出率的影响。方法：选取2013年4～6月住院患者201例为活动前组,2013年8～10月住院患者208例为活动后组。成立“轻听圈”,选定“降低住院患者外出率”为主题,进行现状调查,对活动前后住院患者的外出率及原因进行统计、分析,制定对策并实施。结果：活动后组外出率低于活动前组（P〈0.05）。结论：开展品管圈活动不仅有效地降低了住院患者的外出率,而且使整个团队的质量管理能力和团队精神得到提高,提升了工作绩效。

PDCA循环管理对降低神经内科住院患者私自外出率的影响

目的:探讨PDCA循环管理对降低神经内科住院患者私自外出率的影响。方法:成立PDCA小组,收集相关数据资料,运用鱼骨图找出科室住院患者私自外出的要因,针对这些要因制定并实施改进措施,比较应用PDCA循环管理前后住院患者的私自外出率。结果:实施PDCA循环后,科室住院患者私自外出率由活动前的17.63%降至6.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:通过此次PDCA活动的开展,有效降低了住院患者的私自外出率,提高护理服务质量,保证住院患者的安全,避免护患纠纷,促进小组成员的自身成长。

外出打工率对农户教育支出的影响--基于人力资本投资激励效应

人力资本成为中国农村实现新质生产力发展的关键因素,然而人口流失又是短期内不会改变的趋势,因此我们需要思考的是农村如何在人口规模减少的背景下实现人力资本积累。文章从微观农户的视角分析当村庄外出打工率增加时,农户是否会由于未来迁出就业的高回报而加大对子女的教育支出,这既是对人力资本投资激励效应的理论完善,也为农村实现人力资本积累提供了路径思考。本文基于2010年和2014年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据库的两期追踪儿童数据构建带有调节变量的中介效应模型,验证人力资本投资激励效应在中国农村的存在性、发生条件与影响机制。实证分析发现:只有在村庄外出打工率超过43.54%、家庭收入超过3.994万元之后,人力资本投资激励效应才会显著,即村庄外出打工率促进农户教育支出。该结论在考虑样本选择的干扰、迁移原因的干扰以及抽样数据可靠性的干扰后依然稳健。当纳入父母教育期望这一影响机制时,人力资本投资激励效应的条件被拓宽,村庄外出打工率的拐点从43.54%下降到37.65%。再加入调节变量之后机制更加清晰,母亲的人缘关系指代的家庭信息接收能力作为调节变量,发挥了直接调节作用和对中介效应第一阶段的间接调节作用。人均村务布告栏数量指代的村庄信息传输通畅程度作为另一调节变量,也同样发挥了直接调节作用。进一步的异质性分析发现迁出率急剧增长的村庄中的人力资本投资激励效应最明显,反映出外部环境的动态变化对人们心理影响更大。在地区分布上,只有中部地区的农村存在显著的人力资本投资激励效应,而东部地区和西部地区的这一作用并不显著。因此,对于人口流失的中国农村而言,要实现人力资本积累,应当在发展非农产业提升农民收入的同时注重完善村庄信息传输渠道、鼓励城乡交流、提升农民教育期望。

社会视野扩大与外出务工农民离婚率上升的关系——基于一个劳动力输出大省研究数据

近几年中国市场化改革促进了农村经济社会的发展，提高了农村居民的生活质量和对事物的认识水平。同时，随着现代化知识技术的传播，社会流动性的增强，农民工群体开始大量选择外出务工，这一情况的出现，引起农村与城市间更为频繁的文化观念和知识水平的交流，使城市的新事物和新理念不断地冲击着农村社会的传统婚姻观，对农村家庭的婚姻稳定性造成了一定的影响。本文就农村社会转型阶段农民工大量外出务工对当地离婚率上升的影响进行了法社会学的分析，得出大量进城务工农民由于社会视野的扩大，社会交往圈子交际范围的增长从而引发对婚姻质量的高要求，进而造成离婚率上升。

Mechanism study on the effect of different surfactants on dissolution rate of recrystallized prednisolone in various concentrations

The effects of re-crystallization of prednisolone as a poorly water-soluble drug in aqueous surfactant solutions on its dissolution rate were investigated. A significant enhancement was observed for crystal dissolution rate in hydrophilic surfactants such as tween 80 and sodium lauryl sulfate （SLS）. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） indicated the existence of both form Ⅰ and Ⅱ ofprednisolone in SLS treated crystals. The FT-IR results also showed that, only form Ⅱ could be detected in prednisolone crystals without surfactant and prednisolone form Ⅲ was produced in tween 80 treated crystals. These results were also confirmed by X-ray （XRD） diffraction and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. In general, the results indicated that the presence of hydrophilic surfactants could generate forms Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the crystals. These forms would give rlse to the increase of prednisolone＇s dissolution rate owing to their physicochemical instability and more hydrophilic property in comparison with stable polymorph of form Ⅰ.

Relationship Between Outdoor and Indoor Ozone Pollution Concentration

This paper analyses the changing rule of indoor ozone concentration and its influencing factors.A formula of indoor-outdoor concentration ratio(I/O ratio) was deduced based on the indoor ozone mass-balance equation.The ozone I/O ratio in different kinds of buildings was studied.Results show that I/O ratio is much related to air-exchange rate,which is well compatible with the theoretical calculation results.

Rational design of perfectly oriented thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter for efficient red electroluminescence

How to control the dipole orientation of organic emitters is a challenge in the field of organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).Herein,a linear thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)molecule,PhNAI-PMSBA,bearing a 1,8-naphthalimide-acridine framework was designed by a doublesite long-axis extension strategy to actively control the dipole orientation.The horizontal ratio of emitting dipole orientation of PhNAI-PMSBA reaches 95%,substantially higher than that of isotropic emitters(67%).This unique feature is associated with the intrinsically horizontal molecular orientation of PhNAI-PMSBA and the good agreement between its transition dipole moment direction and molecular long axis.The PhNAI-PMSBA-based OLED achieves an ultrahigh optical outcoupling efficiency of 43.2%and thus affords one of the highest red electroluminescence with an external quantum efficiency of 22.3%and the Commission International de l’Eclairage 1931 coordinates at around(0.60,0.40).

Study on the Pr:KYF ultraviolet laser at 305 nm pumped by blue laser

An all-solid-state Pr:KY3F10(Pr:KYF) laser pumped by blue laser(471 nm) has been demonstrated.With the incident pump power of 2.6 W,the maximum output power at 610 nm is 213 mW.Moreover,the intracavity second-harmonic generation(SHG) is also achieved with the maximum ultraviolet(UV) power at 305 nm of 11 mW by using a β-BaB2O4(BBO) nonlinear crystal.