外加料对大体积混凝土温差裂缝的控制

分析了大体积混凝土温差裂缝的成因及其对混凝土耐久性的影响。从材料的角度提出 ,外加料可以减小大体积混凝土的内外温差 ,提高混凝土的抗拉强度 。

无外加料室挤塑模

挤塑模是成形热固性塑件或封装电器元件等用的一种模具。这种模具设有单独的加料室。成形及加料前先闭模,然后将塑料放入加料室内预热成粘流状态,再在压力的作用下使融料通过模具的浇注系统,以高速挤入型腔,然后硬化成型。

外加料对尾砂湿喷混凝土强度影响的试验研究

针对分级尾砂湿喷混凝土强度低的缺点,开展了配合比正交试验,以硅粉、粉煤灰、矿渣粉和MF525掺量为变量,以分级尾砂湿喷混凝土强度为考察指标,开展了外加料对分级尾砂湿喷强度的影响规律研究。结果表明:矿渣粉和硅粉是对分级尾砂湿喷强度影响最大的两个因素。在试验范围内,矿渣粉掺量小于75kg时,混凝土强度增长缓慢,当掺量超过75kg时,混凝土强度开始明显增长;硅粉对混凝土7d强度的作用效果最明显,而对28d和56d的作用效果相对减弱;随着MF525掺量的增加,该外加剂表现出了抑制强度增长的特性;粉煤灰掺量超过150kg时,28d和56d强度基本停止增长,56d强度总体上比28d强度提高1MPa,说明粉煤灰可以提高混凝土的后期强度。最终得到外加料最佳配比为矿渣粉105kg、硅粉50kg、粉煤灰200kg、MF525 100g。

防止混凝土温度裂缝的原材料控制措施

文章从混凝土品种的选择、用量的控制、外加料的掺加以及骨料的选择几个方面,对大体积混凝土结构施工过程中因温度变化而产生裂缝的控制措施进行了详细的论述。

Evaluation of rutting performance of stone matrix asphalt mixtures containing warm mix additives

Permanent deformation or rutting, one of the most important distresses in flexible pavements, has long been a problem in asphalt mixtures and thus a great deal of research has been focused on the development of a rheological parameter that would address the rutting susceptibility of both unmodified and modified bituminous binders. In this research, three warm mix additives(Sasobit, Rheofalt and Zycotherm) were used to modify 60-70 penetration grade base binder. The rutting potential of both modified and unmodified binders were evaluated through the multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR)-based parameter, nonrecoverable compliance(Jnr) and recovery parameter(R). Several performance tests carried on stone matrix asphalt(SMA) mixtures comprising different nominal maximum aggregate sizes(NMASs, 9.5, 12.5 and 19 mm), like Marshall stability, dynamic and static creep and Hamburg wheel tracking tests to evaluate their rutting performance. The objective of this work is to correlate MSCR test results to performance. Results indicate that for the range of the gradations investigated in this work, increasing the nominal maximum aggregate size of the gradation would increase the permanent deformation resistance of the SMA mixture. Addition of 3% sasobit to base binder leads an increase in Jnr100 about 82%. Addition of 2% rheofalt to base binder leads an recovery increase of about 9.76 % and 27.44% in stress levels of 100 and 3200 Pa, respectively. The results reveal that rutting resistance of mixtures improves as Jnr decreases. The use of the MSCR test in the rutting characterization of bituminous binders is highly recommended based on the results of this work.

Mathematical models for properties of mortars with admixtures and recycled fine aggregates from demolished concretes

In order to expand the engineering application of recycle aggregate mortars （RAM） with aggregates from demolished concretes, the models for the properties of RAM and the replacement rate of these recycled fine aggregates were proposed. First, different kinds of mathematical models for the basic properties （compressive strength, water retention rate, and consistency loss） of RAM with two kinds of admixtures, thickening powders （TP） and self-made powdery admixtures （SSCT） designed for RAM, and the replacement rates were established, while the average relative errors and relative standard errors of these models were calculated. Additionally, the models and their error analyses for the curves of drying shrinkage and curing time of RAM ＋ SSCT at different replacement rates were put forward. The results show that polynomial functions should be used to calculate the basic properties of RAM ＋ TP and RAM ＋ SSCT at different replacement rates. In addition, polynonfial functions are the most optimal models for the sharp shrinkage sections in the curves of drying shrinkage-curing time of RAM ＋ SSCT, while exponential functions should be used as the models for the slow shrinkage sections and steady shrinkage sections.

Effects of admixture on properties of recycled aggregate mortar

Compared with strengthening the recycled fine aggregate(RFA)from construction and demolition waste,which is time-consuming and complex,adding admixture into the mixtures directly is more efficient and effective to expand the application of recycled aggregate mortar(RAM).The admixture(named as SSC),mixed with sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium ligninsulfonate and citric acid,was directly added into the RAM.First,the compositions and physical properties of the RFA and reference aggregate were studied,respectively.The properties of fresh and hardened mortars were then investigated.The results show that there is a clear difference between the RFA and reference aggregate,and the properties of RAM without SSC are not as good as those of normal mortar.However,the consistency value,water retention rate,compressive strength and setting time values of RAM increase by 5%,7%,66%and 67%,and its consistency loss and density values decrease by 42%and 4%after the SSC is added into the RAM.Therefore,improving the properties of RAM through adding admixture is an effective and efficient approach to expanding its application.

Permeability modeling of self-healing due to calcium carbonate precipitation in cement-based materials with mineral additives

The permeability modeling of self-healing due to calcium carbonate precipitation in cement-based materials with mineral additives was studied in this work. The parameters of calcium carbonate precipitation during self-healing were simulated. A permeability modeling of self-healing, combined with numerical simulation of calcium carbonate formation, was proposed based on the modified Poiseuille flow model. Moreover, the percentage of calcium carbonate in healing products was measured by TG-DTA. The simulated results show that self-healing can be dramatically promoted with the increase of pH and Ca2+ concentration. The calculated result of permeability is consistent with that measured for cracks appearing in middle or later stages of self-healing, it indicates that this model can be used to predict the self-healing rate to some extent. In addition, TG-DTA results show that the percentage of calcium carbonate in healing products is higher for mortar with only chemical expansion additives or cracks appearing in the later stage, which can more accurately predict the self-healing rate for the model.

Use of Chemical Admixtures to Modify the Rheological Behavior of Cementitious Systems Containing Manufactured Aggregates

The use of local materials is an important part of sustainability for the concrete industry. The declining availability of aggregate resources in many areas has the potential to result in the use of alternative aggregates of lower quality, which can require higher cementitious materials contents, or the use of aggregates shipped from greater distance. In some markets, manufactured sands are replacing natural sands, which can adversely impact the rheology of cementitious mixtures. The use of certain chemical admixtures has been found to often minimize the need to increase cement and water contents in order to overcome the loss of workability that can accompany aggregate sources which feature flat, elongated, angular, and rough particles. In this study, a wide range of natural and manufactured sands were characterized for gradation, mineralogy, shape, texture, and cleanliness, and also evaluated for their effect on mortar rheology with and without a VMA （viscosity modifying agent） type chemical admixture. Use of the VMA is shown to mitigate the rheological effect of certain sands, and in some cases can allow for optimizing the mixture to lower paste contents. In the case of PCP （polycarboxylate）-based superplasticizers, attention is drawn to the increased dose required to achieve target workability versus superplasticizers based on NSFC （naphthalene sulfonate condensate） when swellable clays are present in the very fine fraction of certain aggregate sources. The use of sands with higher fines contents are also shown to increase the workability provided the fines are of appropriate quality.