Objective： The outcome of surgical treatment of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is poor. This study was designed to analyze prognostic factors after surgical procedure for ICCs. Methods： A retr...Objective： The outcome of surgical treatment of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is poor. This study was designed to analyze prognostic factors after surgical procedure for ICCs. Methods： A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 183 cases of ICC, admitted to Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, from December 1996 to July 2003. Fifteen clinicopathologic factors that could possibly influence survival were selected. A multivariate analysis of these individuals was performed using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model. Results： The accumulative 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates of the patients were 51.3%, 21.6% and 11.8% respectively. The statistical analysis showed that surgical procedure, lymph node metastasis, serum level of CA19-9 and pathological differentiation grade affected postoperative survival significantly, but transfusion, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, diameter of tumor, serum level of AFP, cirrhosis, preoperative total serum bilirubin level （TBIL）, ratio of albumin to globulin （A/G）, sex and age were not significant factors influencing postoperative survival. Conclusion： Major hepatectomy with systematic lymph node dissection may be recommended for the surgical treatment of ICC. Aggressive treatment and prevention on postoperative intrahepatic recurrence and lymph node metastasis are important strategy to improve the survival for ICC.展开更多
With the acceleration of globalization and internationalization, the demand for multilingual speakers is urgent, which promotes the development of foreign language teaching and learning especially English. Consequentl...With the acceleration of globalization and internationalization, the demand for multilingual speakers is urgent, which promotes the development of foreign language teaching and learning especially English. Consequently, the English as a Foreign Language （EFL） teaching is paid great attention to in China. Many previous studies show the connection of EFL teaching and teachers＇ intercultural communicative competence （ICC）. Although it is presumed that teachers＇ ICC at this stage is a prerequisite to raise students＇ ICC, the specific strategies to promote teachers＇ intercultural skills in EFL teaching have not yet been empirically demonstrated. The goal of the present study is to put forward some specific strategies to promote teachers＇ ICC in EFL teaching. Two cases including interview and teaching plans, were administered in high school teachers. Sample analysis demonstrated teachers＇ current problems in ICC and in Chinese EFL teaching as well as the necessity for teachers to acquire the specific teaching strategies. These findings seem to suggest that specific strategies are indeed essential to promote teachers＇ ICC in EFL teaching.展开更多
Since China＇ s accession to WTO, opening up has intensified China＇ s ties with the international financial markets, financial markets have become increasingly frequent. However, with respect to foreign banks, capita...Since China＇ s accession to WTO, opening up has intensified China＇ s ties with the international financial markets, financial markets have become increasingly frequent. However, with respect to foreign banks, capital management of commercial banks is only just beginning. Especially after the proposed Basel, how to adjust the capital assets of commercial banks is to enable them to comply with Basel II requirements, ensuring stability and development of the banking sector is the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the commercial banks. So, how intensive management can reduce capital occupation to increase the capital adequacy ratio is an important part of the commercial banks that must be studied.展开更多
文摘Objective： The outcome of surgical treatment of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is poor. This study was designed to analyze prognostic factors after surgical procedure for ICCs. Methods： A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 183 cases of ICC, admitted to Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China, from December 1996 to July 2003. Fifteen clinicopathologic factors that could possibly influence survival were selected. A multivariate analysis of these individuals was performed using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model. Results： The accumulative 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates of the patients were 51.3%, 21.6% and 11.8% respectively. The statistical analysis showed that surgical procedure, lymph node metastasis, serum level of CA19-9 and pathological differentiation grade affected postoperative survival significantly, but transfusion, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, diameter of tumor, serum level of AFP, cirrhosis, preoperative total serum bilirubin level （TBIL）, ratio of albumin to globulin （A/G）, sex and age were not significant factors influencing postoperative survival. Conclusion： Major hepatectomy with systematic lymph node dissection may be recommended for the surgical treatment of ICC. Aggressive treatment and prevention on postoperative intrahepatic recurrence and lymph node metastasis are important strategy to improve the survival for ICC.
文摘With the acceleration of globalization and internationalization, the demand for multilingual speakers is urgent, which promotes the development of foreign language teaching and learning especially English. Consequently, the English as a Foreign Language （EFL） teaching is paid great attention to in China. Many previous studies show the connection of EFL teaching and teachers＇ intercultural communicative competence （ICC）. Although it is presumed that teachers＇ ICC at this stage is a prerequisite to raise students＇ ICC, the specific strategies to promote teachers＇ intercultural skills in EFL teaching have not yet been empirically demonstrated. The goal of the present study is to put forward some specific strategies to promote teachers＇ ICC in EFL teaching. Two cases including interview and teaching plans, were administered in high school teachers. Sample analysis demonstrated teachers＇ current problems in ICC and in Chinese EFL teaching as well as the necessity for teachers to acquire the specific teaching strategies. These findings seem to suggest that specific strategies are indeed essential to promote teachers＇ ICC in EFL teaching.
文摘Since China＇ s accession to WTO, opening up has intensified China＇ s ties with the international financial markets, financial markets have become increasingly frequent. However, with respect to foreign banks, capital management of commercial banks is only just beginning. Especially after the proposed Basel, how to adjust the capital assets of commercial banks is to enable them to comply with Basel II requirements, ensuring stability and development of the banking sector is the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the commercial banks. So, how intensive management can reduce capital occupation to increase the capital adequacy ratio is an important part of the commercial banks that must be studied.
