隧道开挖地层反应曲线的外显分析

收敛–约束法理论是应用于隧道支撑设计的简化分析方法,所使用的约束损失是该分析方法的关键因子。基于隧道开挖前进效应与约束损失的关系,建立隧道掘进效应函数,并采用约束损失的递增方法与简易试算表工具,同时依据应力–位移力学理论模式,推导在静水应力条件下圆形隧道开挖于弹塑性地层的解析解,进而提出模拟地层反应曲线弹塑性非线性行为的外显分析法。其分析结果包含约束损失递增方法的计算内容与步骤说明,以及约束损失弹性极限值、塑性半径、弹塑性区的径向应力与径向位移。此分析法与研发的有限元分析结果比较显示,二者呈现相似且一致的非线性趋势。

隧道开挖支撑收敛约束法之外显分析

收敛约束法理论为隧道支撑设计之简化分析方法。使用隧道收敛计测资料,借以建立隧道掘进效应函数,并依据地盘与支撑系统之组成律模式,推导在静水应力状态下圆形隧道开挖支撑互制行为之解析解。采用约束损失之递增方法,利用简易试算表工具,提出模拟隧道开挖支撑非线性行为之外显分析。经由外显分析与有限元素分析之比较结果显示,相关收敛约束曲线均呈现一致的趋势。外显分析法提供了模拟隧道开挖支撑互制行为之简易且直接的计算分析方法,收敛约束法理论为隧道支撑设计之简化分析方法。使用隧道收敛计测资料,借以建立隧道掘进效应函数,并依据地盘与支撑系统之组成律模式,推导在静水应力状态下圆形隧道开挖支撑互制行为之解析解。采用约束损失之递增方法,利用简易试算表工具,提出模拟隧道开挖支撑非线性行为之外显分析。经由外显分析与有限元素分析之比较结果显示,相关收敛约束曲线均呈现一致的趋势。外显分析法提供了模拟隧道开挖支撑互制行为之简易且直接的计算分析方法。

基于问题定位的探究性物理实验课程问题情境创设

在探究性物理实验课程中对问题进行定位，通过分析问题核心、问题元素以及把握问题元素特征，确定呈现问题、解决问题的策略和策略实施方案后将一般物理现象迁移为能被大多数同学感知和理解的问题情境．从而引发学生的学习动机、吸引同学注意力以及唤起学生积极的思维，提出有效的物理问题，促进学生发现学习的能力，培养学生解决实际问题以及处理信息的能力。

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of 5′ Flanking Region and Exon of Inhibin α Precursor Gene in Goats

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between inihibin （INH） α precursor gene and seasonal reproduction of goats, and investigate the evolutionary conservation of INHα precursor gene. [ Method] Cloning and sequence analysis of 5＇ flanking region and exon of inihibinα （INHE） precursor gene in twenty ewes between non-seasonal estrous breed （Haimen goats） and seasonal estrous breed （Anhui white goats） was analyzed in this study. [ Result] Compared with Anhui white goats, INHα precursor gene in Haimen goats had three SNP but no amino acid change, while its nucleotide homology was 99.7% and amino acid homology was 100%. The nucleotide homology of INHα precursor gene in goat, cattle, pig, person, chicken, horse, rat and dog ranged from 12.7% to 96.5%. [ Conclusion] INHα precursor gene tends to be highly conserved in species, and any change of nucleotide and amino acid maybe directly influence the function of the whole gene coding and regulation.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Chromene Ring

Synthesis of some new compounds containing chromene ring are described in this work. They were synthesized in moderate to good yield, started with Condensation of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin （1） with ethyl bromoacetate furnishes ethyl-2-（4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yloxy） acetate （2）. The structures of all the new compounds were confirmed using IR, 1H-NMR spectra and micro analysis, selected members of the synthesized compound were screened for antimicrobial activity. They have shown a wide range of activity from one completely inactive compound to medium active ones.

Antinecrotic and Antiapoptotic Effects of Different Concentrations of Copaiferalangsdorffii Essential Oil in Macrophages and Lymphocytes of Mice

Purpose： to evaluate the in vitro influence of Copaiferalangsdorffii essential oil on the antinecrotic activity in macrophages, and on the antiapoptotic activity in macrophages and lymphocytes of Swiss mice. Methods： lymphocytes and macrophages were obtained from ten 60-day-old male mice weighing 42-45 g, and then cultured in 24-well plates. Cells were treated with concentrations of 2%, 5%, 10% and 20% of oil from Copaiferalangsdorffii before or after induction of apoptosis with ultraviolet light. We used positive and negative controls. Hoechst staining was performed, and then images of cells under fluorescence microscope were captured and digitalized. We used Image J_1.46o to quantify the fluorescence intensity/brightness of condensation of the chromatin ofapoptotic cells. We used one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni＇s and Tukey＇s multiple comparison tests. Results are expressed as the means of relative densities after adjustment and 95% confidence intervals; P 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results： oil from Copaiferalangsdorffii at different concentrations has decreased necrosis and apoptosis of both lymphocytes and macrophages from mice, when compared to C＋ （all P 〈 0.05）. Discussion： Copaiferalangsdorffii is typically Brazilian and found in the Amazon region, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antineoplastic effects due to its oil compounds, such as xyloglucans and kaurenoic acid. Its potential therapeutical usage was demonstrated in a national study. The present study showed that its oil has significant in vitro antiapoptotic and antinecrotic activity and it should be tested experimentally in vivo.

Overview of available methods for diverse RNA-Seq data analyses

RNA-Seq technology is becoming widely used in various transcriptomics studies;however,analyzing and interpreting the RNA-Seq data face serious challenges.With the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies,the sequencing cost is dropping dramatically with the sequencing output increasing sharply.However,the sequencing reads are still short in length and contain various sequencing errors.Moreover,the intricate transcriptome is always more complicated than we expect.These challenges proffer the urgent need of efficient bioinformatics algorithms to effectively handle the large amount of transcriptome sequencing data and carry out diverse related studies.This review summarizes a number of frequently-used applications of transcriptome sequencing and their related analyzing strategies,including short read mapping,exon-exon splice junction detection,gene or isoform expression quantification,differential expression analysis and transcriptome reconstruction.