Objective To investigate the effects of the topical use of aprotinin on thebasis of comprehensive blood conservations in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods In a prospectiveclinical trial, 20 patients were randomly ...Objective To investigate the effects of the topical use of aprotinin on thebasis of comprehensive blood conservations in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods In a prospectiveclinical trial, 20 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Control group: placebo was usedtopically. Aprotinin group: aprotinin was poured into the pericardial cavity before closure of thesternotomy. Before and 24h after surgery, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), bleeding time (BT),clotting time (CT) and prothrombin time (PT) were measured. Meanwhile, amounts of the mediastinaldrainage and the hemoglobin loss were observed at 0, 2, 6 and 24h after operation. The samples fromthe mediastinal drainage were also collected to measure D-Dimer (D-D), tissue type plasminogenactivator (t-PA) activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity and protein C (PC).Results In Aprotinin group, D-D, t-PA activity and PC were significantly reduced, compared withthose in Control group (P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01). On the contrary, PAI activity was significantlyincreased, compared with that in Control group. Amounts of the mediastinal drainage and thehemoglobin loss were decreased by 43% and 52%, compared with those in Control group. Conclusion Ourresults suggest that the topical use of aprotinin can have better effects on the basis ofcomprehensive moderate blood conservation.展开更多
Focus in nutritional science has turned towards components in, or added to, foods that may possess health beneficial activities beyond the classical nutritional value, namely functional food. Bioactive peptides are ex...Focus in nutritional science has turned towards components in, or added to, foods that may possess health beneficial activities beyond the classical nutritional value, namely functional food. Bioactive peptides are examples of such components. In vitro studies on bioactivities have mainly been executed without concerning subsequent digestion after intake and the aim of this work was hence to investigate how the in vitro antioxidative, antihypertensive and caspase activating activities of peptides are affected by digestion with gastrointestinal （GI） proteases. Five different fish protein hydrolysates were chosen to study the effect of in vitro digestion on bioactivity. The protein concentration decreased in all samples during digestion and the molecular weight distribution of the peptides shifted towards lower values. Thus, in vitro digestion with GI proteases resulted in a further degradation of the peptides obtained by hydrolysis. The antihypertensive effect increased in all samples after digestion with GI proteases whereas the antioxidative capacity decreased. The effect on the caspase activity depended on the proteases used in the preparation of hydrolysates. In conclusion, the caspase activity and antihypertensive activity are maintained during digestion with GI proteases, while the antioxidative capacity seems to be reduced.展开更多
The effects of low-molecular-weight-chitosan （LMWC） on chronic renal failure （CRF） rats induced by adenine were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Chitosan were hydrolyzed using chitosanase at pH 6-7 and 37℃ for ...The effects of low-molecular-weight-chitosan （LMWC） on chronic renal failure （CRF） rats induced by adenine were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Chitosan were hydrolyzed using chitosanase at pH 6-7 and 37℃ for 24h to obtain LMWC. In vitro, the effect of LMWC on the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells （RTEC） showed that it had no cytotoxic effect and could promote cell growtfi. For the in vivo experiment, chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine were randomly divided into control group, Niaoduqing group, and high-, medium- and low-dose LMWC groups. For each group, we detected serum creatinine （SCR）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD）, glutathione oxidase （GSH-Px） activities of renal tissue, and obtained the ratio of kidney weight/body weight, pathological changes of kidney. The levels of serum SCR, BUN were higher in the adenine-induced rats than those in the control group, indicating that the rat chronic renal failure model worked successfully. The re- suits after treatment showed that LMWC could reduce the SCR and BUN levels and enhance the activities/levels of T-SOD and GSH-PX in kidney compared to control group. Histopathological examination revealed that adenine-induced renal alterations were restored by LMWC at three tested dosages, especially at the low dosage of 100mgkg-1 d-1.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To determine the cardioprotective ef- fect of magnesium lithospermate B （MLB） on myo- cardial ischemia/reperfusion （MI/R） injury and to in- vestigate the antioxidant potential in vivo and in vitro. MET...OBJECTIVE： To determine the cardioprotective ef- fect of magnesium lithospermate B （MLB） on myo- cardial ischemia/reperfusion （MI/R） injury and to in- vestigate the antioxidant potential in vivo and in vitro. METHODS： MI/R injury was induced by the occlu- sion of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 3 h in rats. After reperfusion, hearts were harvested to assess infarct size, histopathological damages, the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione peroxidase （GPx）, reduced glutathione （GSH） and malondialdehyde （MDA）. Blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB）, cardiac troponin （cTnl） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Furthermore, simulatedischemia/reperfusion （SI/R） injury in vitro was established by oxygen and glucose deprivation （OGD） for 2 h followed by 24-hour recovery period in cardiomyocytes. The activity of LDH in the cultured su- pernatant and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS）, SOD and MDA in cardiomyo- cytes were also measured. Finally, cardiomyocytes apoptosis was determined with flow cytometry. RESULTS： MLB significantly limited infarct size, ameliorated histopathological damages and prevented leakage of CK-MB, cTnl and LDH. Additional- ly, SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH activities were notably increased by MLB, along with the MDA content decreased as compared with the model group in rats. In vitro study, MLB also decreased LDH activity in the cultured supernatant, increased SOD activity in cardiomyocytes, reduced intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and significantly suppressed cardiomyocytes apoptosis. CONCLUSION： MLB possessed remarkably cardioprotective effects on MI/R injury in vivo and in vitro. The protection of MLB may contribute to its antioxidant properties.展开更多
基金Supported by the Jiangsu Health Bureau Grand (B9606)
文摘Objective To investigate the effects of the topical use of aprotinin on thebasis of comprehensive blood conservations in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods In a prospectiveclinical trial, 20 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Control group: placebo was usedtopically. Aprotinin group: aprotinin was poured into the pericardial cavity before closure of thesternotomy. Before and 24h after surgery, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), bleeding time (BT),clotting time (CT) and prothrombin time (PT) were measured. Meanwhile, amounts of the mediastinaldrainage and the hemoglobin loss were observed at 0, 2, 6 and 24h after operation. The samples fromthe mediastinal drainage were also collected to measure D-Dimer (D-D), tissue type plasminogenactivator (t-PA) activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity and protein C (PC).Results In Aprotinin group, D-D, t-PA activity and PC were significantly reduced, compared withthose in Control group (P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01). On the contrary, PAI activity was significantlyincreased, compared with that in Control group. Amounts of the mediastinal drainage and thehemoglobin loss were decreased by 43% and 52%, compared with those in Control group. Conclusion Ourresults suggest that the topical use of aprotinin can have better effects on the basis ofcomprehensive moderate blood conservation.
文摘Focus in nutritional science has turned towards components in, or added to, foods that may possess health beneficial activities beyond the classical nutritional value, namely functional food. Bioactive peptides are examples of such components. In vitro studies on bioactivities have mainly been executed without concerning subsequent digestion after intake and the aim of this work was hence to investigate how the in vitro antioxidative, antihypertensive and caspase activating activities of peptides are affected by digestion with gastrointestinal （GI） proteases. Five different fish protein hydrolysates were chosen to study the effect of in vitro digestion on bioactivity. The protein concentration decreased in all samples during digestion and the molecular weight distribution of the peptides shifted towards lower values. Thus, in vitro digestion with GI proteases resulted in a further degradation of the peptides obtained by hydrolysis. The antihypertensive effect increased in all samples after digestion with GI proteases whereas the antioxidative capacity decreased. The effect on the caspase activity depended on the proteases used in the preparation of hydrolysates. In conclusion, the caspase activity and antihypertensive activity are maintained during digestion with GI proteases, while the antioxidative capacity seems to be reduced.
文摘The effects of low-molecular-weight-chitosan （LMWC） on chronic renal failure （CRF） rats induced by adenine were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Chitosan were hydrolyzed using chitosanase at pH 6-7 and 37℃ for 24h to obtain LMWC. In vitro, the effect of LMWC on the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells （RTEC） showed that it had no cytotoxic effect and could promote cell growtfi. For the in vivo experiment, chronic renal failure rats induced by adenine were randomly divided into control group, Niaoduqing group, and high-, medium- and low-dose LMWC groups. For each group, we detected serum creatinine （SCR）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD）, glutathione oxidase （GSH-Px） activities of renal tissue, and obtained the ratio of kidney weight/body weight, pathological changes of kidney. The levels of serum SCR, BUN were higher in the adenine-induced rats than those in the control group, indicating that the rat chronic renal failure model worked successfully. The re- suits after treatment showed that LMWC could reduce the SCR and BUN levels and enhance the activities/levels of T-SOD and GSH-PX in kidney compared to control group. Histopathological examination revealed that adenine-induced renal alterations were restored by LMWC at three tested dosages, especially at the low dosage of 100mgkg-1 d-1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81173514,No.81001673)the Xijing Research Boosting Program (No. XJZT10D02)the Excellent Civil Service Training Fund of Fourth Military Medical University(No. 4138C4IDK6)
文摘OBJECTIVE： To determine the cardioprotective ef- fect of magnesium lithospermate B （MLB） on myo- cardial ischemia/reperfusion （MI/R） injury and to in- vestigate the antioxidant potential in vivo and in vitro. METHODS： MI/R injury was induced by the occlu- sion of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 3 h in rats. After reperfusion, hearts were harvested to assess infarct size, histopathological damages, the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione peroxidase （GPx）, reduced glutathione （GSH） and malondialdehyde （MDA）. Blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB）, cardiac troponin （cTnl） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）. Furthermore, simulatedischemia/reperfusion （SI/R） injury in vitro was established by oxygen and glucose deprivation （OGD） for 2 h followed by 24-hour recovery period in cardiomyocytes. The activity of LDH in the cultured su- pernatant and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS）, SOD and MDA in cardiomyo- cytes were also measured. Finally, cardiomyocytes apoptosis was determined with flow cytometry. RESULTS： MLB significantly limited infarct size, ameliorated histopathological damages and prevented leakage of CK-MB, cTnl and LDH. Additional- ly, SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH activities were notably increased by MLB, along with the MDA content decreased as compared with the model group in rats. In vitro study, MLB also decreased LDH activity in the cultured supernatant, increased SOD activity in cardiomyocytes, reduced intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and significantly suppressed cardiomyocytes apoptosis. CONCLUSION： MLB possessed remarkably cardioprotective effects on MI/R injury in vivo and in vitro. The protection of MLB may contribute to its antioxidant properties.
