从转换生成语法看范畴类型逻辑的基本思想

范畴类型逻辑基本思想中的"完整的"和"非完整的"表达式的概念,以及乔姆斯基(Chomsky)所提出的"完整的功能复合体"(complete functional complex,简称CFC)的概念,分别是范畴类型逻辑和转换生成语法在句法结构层面的重要理论基础。两者虽有一定相似性但又有不同之处,加上自然语言的句法语义不对称现象,造成自然语言逻辑分析中的一些由于方法论和概念冲突而引起的问题。为此,在语料的基础上分析上述问题,论证范畴类型逻辑作为一种形式化分析自然语言语义的手段的优势和有待改进之处,并举例说明语言学研究和逻辑学研究之间是取长补短、互相促进的关系。

因果语法的由来与可能

因果语法是一种因果理论,而不是语言学理论。它借用语言学中语法之名,是因为它受到了语言学中普遍语法思想的启示,即将因果理论进行分层次,高层次理论指导低层次理论的推理。因果语法的表示形式可以有很多种,其中多体谓词逻辑具有丰富的语义特征,但是计算复杂度高。因果语义是语言学中研究自然语言中表示因果关系的语义范围,它以现实因果关系为基础,其建模可以受到因果语法的启示。

Completeness of bounded model checking temporal logic of knowledge

In order to find the completeness threshold which offers a practical method of making bounded model checking complete, the over-approximation for the complete threshold is presented. First, a linear logic of knowledge is introduced into the past tense operator, and then a new temporal epistemic logic LTLKP is obtained, so that LTLKP can naturally and precisely describe the system＇s reliability. Secondly, a set of prior algorithms are designed to calculate the maximal reachable depth and the length of the longest of loop free paths in the structure based on the graph structure theory. Finally, some theorems are proposed to show how to approximate the complete threshold with the diameter and recurrence diameter. The proposed work resolves the completeness threshold problem so that the completeness of bounded model checking can be guaranteed.

Prediction of rock mass rating using fuzzy logic and multi-variable RMR regression model

Rock mass rating system （RMR） is based on the six parameters which was defined by Bieniawski （1989） [1]. Experts frequently relate joint and discontinuities and ground water conditions in linguistic terms with rough calculation. As a result, there is a sharp transition between two modules which create doubts. So, in this paper the proposed weights technique was applied for linguistic criteria. Then by using the fuzzy inference system and the multi-variable regression analysis, the accurate RMR is predicted. Before the performing of regression analysis, sensitivity analysis was applied for each of Bieniawski parameters. In this process, the best function was selected among linear, logarithmic, exponential and inverse func- tions and finally it was applied in the regression analysis for construction of a predictive equation. From the constructed regression equation the relative importance of the input parameters can also be observed. It should be noted that joint condition was identified as the most important effective parameter upon RMR. Finally, fuzzy and regression models were validated with the test datasets and it was found that the fuzzy model predicts more accurately RMR than reression models.

Different Forms of Rationalities in Aristotle： From Being to Acting

Every philosophical system of Aristotle is structured around different forms of rationalities. Each form of rationality, according to its method, object, and purpose, seeks to apprehend and to know a specific dimension of being, because being manifests itself in many ways, that is, the totality of reality. Yet, each form of understanding the being has its epistemological and ontological status, always anchored in the logic criteria. In general, the aim of the paper is to characterize some aspects of the main forms of rationalities in the thought of Aristotle, i.e., demonstrative, dialectic, physics, metaphysics, productive, and practices. But before that, succinctly, it is necessary to talk about the different dimensions of being and teleology.

Logical and Ontological Implications of Necessity in Aristotelian Teleology

Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.

Multidimensional Utopia： Chinese Logic of the Future Imagination of the Three-body Problem

The greatest charm of science fiction is not the artistic imagination, but the scientific imagination.Liu Cixin＇s the Three-body Problem as a Chinese science fiction novel, reflected Chinese writer how to think science and technology and its possible future of mankind＇s imagination. This novel contained ＂Deconstruction＂ Utopia, ＂Transcendence＂ dystopia and ＂Composited＂ Heterotopias, Which fully demonstrated singularity politics＇s great ideological tension between post modernity thinking of in this or that and typical Chinese style doctrine and dialectics.

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Logic and trends in cultural globalization and the reconstruction of modern Chinese culture

Within cultural globalization there exist two distinct approaches, each with its built-in logic： the logic of a globalized culture promoted by one country and that of a globalized culture defined by many countries on the basis of consultations and exchanges on an equal footing. As a result of the present unequal world economic and political order, the former has become the keynote of the process of cultural globalization. Establishing a flee and equal globalized culture requires the guidance of socialist ideology to change the unjust global economic and political order. Globalized culture is neither homogeneous nor heterogeneous; it is a diversified unified whole or a unity within diversity.