结合多决策准则稀疏表示的SAR图像目标识别方法

提出组合多决策准则的稀疏表示分类(Sparse Representation-based Classification,SRC)并在合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)目标识别中进行应用。传统SRC通常在全局字典上对测试样本进行重构,分别计算不同训练类别对于测试样本的重构误差,最终根据最小重构误差的原则进行分类决策。然而,由于SAR目标识别问题的复杂性,单一决策准则往往对扩展操作条件的适应性不强,导致整体性能下降。为此,文中基于稀疏表示求解的系数矢量,分别采用最小重构误差原则、最大系数能量原则以及局部最小重构误差原则分别进行分类。最小重构误差准则直接采用传统算法。最大系数能量准则分别计算不同训练类别系数能量,按照能量最大的原则进行判决。局部最小重构误差原则在局部字典上对测试样本进行表征和分析,充分体现SAR图像的视角敏感性。对于三个准则获取的决策变量,通过适当转换统一采用概率分布形式进行表达。最终,基于线性加权融合对三个准则的结果进行分析,判决测试样本所属目标类别。基于MSTAR数据集对方法进行测试,分别验证了提出方法在标准操作条件、俯仰角差异、噪声干扰及目标遮挡等情形的性能。实验结果表明:所提方法通过结合多决策准则能够有效提升SAR目标识别性能。

Decision-Making Method for Problem of Goal Type Based on Evaluation Criterion

The presently existing decision making method for problem of goal type, i.e. the goal programming, is popular to some extent. In this paper we analyzed the features of the problem and the method,based on which we found some defects of the method and pointed out these defects. To overcome these defects we absorbed the spirit and exploited concepts of evaluation criterion and the fault measure of evaluation criterion. We proposed and applied a method with an evaluation criterion, after which we also p...

Two-Stage Interactive Multi-Objective Decision-Making Method Based on the Satisfactoriness Criterion

In this paper, for multi objective decision making, the defects on the commonly used interactive methods based on the satisfactoriness criterion is studied. Then a class of two stage interactive method based on the satisfactoriness criterion is proposed for improvement with the satisfactoriness criterion being determined through the collection of the decision makers preference information. An application example is presented for illustration of applicability of the method.

Multi Objective Decision Making Method Based on Evaluation Criterion for Problems with Linear Value Function

A class of interactive multi objective decision making method by means of evaluation criterion is proposed for problems with linear value function,in which case,the decision maker(DM) usually has only unwhole information of weights for objectives. The concept of fault measure of the evaluation criterion is proposed to measure the deviation of the evaluation criterion from the DMs preference structure.The approach to obtain an upper boundary of fault measure of an evaluation criterion,and the approach to modify the evaluation criterion to be one with smaller fault measure,and the approach to obtain a pre optimized objective set by evaluation criterion with certain fault measure are also proposed.

Research Progress of the Planning Methods of Prior Conservation Areas

The planning of prior conservation areas is an important part of nature re- serve system, ：it is of great significance for biodiversity conservation. The methods of priority planning include hot-spots analysis, gap analysis, systematic conservation planning analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis. The key issues of priority area planning include the determination of the protect objects, the analyses of the protec- tion value and protection cost, the win-win development of protection and economy, and the changes of the management strategies of the protected areas. In this study, the features and research progress of different conservation methods were analyzed, and based on the discussion on the key issues of the planning of the protected areas, the application prospect of different methods was analyzed.

Geological adaptability matching design of disc cutter using multicriteria decision making approaches

Geological adaptability matching design of a disc cutter is the prerequisite of cutter head design for tunnel boring machines(TBMs)and plays an important role in improving the tunneling efficiency of TBMs.The main purpose of the cutter matching design is to evaluate the cutter performance and select the appropriate cutter size.In this paper,a novel evaluation method based on multicriteria decision making(MCDM)techniques was developed to help TBM designers in the process of determining the cutter size.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and matter element analysis were applied to obtaining the weights of the cutter evaluation criteria,and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)approaches were employed to determine the ranking of the cutters.A case application was offered to illustrate and validate the proposed method.The results of the project case demonstrate that this method is reasonable and feasible for disc cutter size selection in cutter head design.

Mineral processing plant location using the analytic hierarchy process——a case study:the Sangan iron ore mine(phase 1)

Locating the mineral processing plant near a mine is the most important parameter that affects the whole process.Many factors,and their preferences,should be considered in this stage.The factors include economical,geological,technical,environmental and tectonic parameters.A multi-criteria decision making method is necessary to rank the alternatives.In this paper we describe how plant location is selected by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).This method,with eight criteria,was used to select a location for the mineral processing plant at the Sangan iron ore mine(phase 1).Three alternatives for the processing plant were evaluated.The main criteria were distance from the mine,access to heavy machinery transport,the amount of excavation required for grading,bed mixture capacity,belt conveyor length,distance from the tailing dam,distance from the waste dumps and surface water diversion requirements.Finally,the alternatives were ranked and the best location was proposed.

Decision making tools for optimal material selection:A review

The present work reviews different decision making tools(material comparing and choosing tools)used for selecting the best material considering different parameters.In this review work,the authors have tried to address the following important enquiries:1)the engineering applications addressed by the different material choosing and ranking methods;2)the predominantly used decision making tools addressing the optimal material selection for the engineering applications;3)merits and demerits of decision making tools used;4)the dominantly used criteria or objectives considered while selecting a suitable alternative material;5)overview of DEA on material selection field.The authors have surveyed literatures from different regions of the globe and considered literatures since 1988.The present review not only stresses the importance of material selection in the early design stage of the product development but also aids the design and material engineers to apply different decision making tools systematically.

Fuzzy Approach to Determining Priority Preorders of Water Resources Projects

In this paper,the criteria set related to the priority preorders of water resources projects is introduced.A fuzzy multiple criteria group decision-making model is established,which incorporates quantitative analysis,judgments,experience and preferences of decision-makers.The model is used in practice to determine the priority preorders of five water resources projects,and the results show that the best choice can supply more new employment,domestic water and irrigation water,and has better quality.

Optimal design of automotive body B-pillar using simplified finite element model of body-in-prime combined with an optimization procedure

Optimization of an automotive body structure faces the difficulty of having too many design variables and a too large design search space. A simplified model of body-in-prime(BIP) can solve this difficulty by reducing the number of design variables. In this study, to achieve lighter weight and higher stiffness, the simplified model of BIP was developed and combined with an optimization procedure;consequently, optimal designs of automotive body B-pillar were produced. B-pillar was divided into four quarters and each quarter was modelled by one simplified beam. In the optimization procedure, depth, width, and thickness of the simplified beams were considered as the design variables.Weight, bending and torsional stiffness were also considered as objective functions. The optimization procedure is composed of six stages: designing the experiments, calculating grey relational grade, calculating signal-to noise ratio,finding an optimum design using Taguchi grey relational analysis, performing sensitivity analysis using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and performing non-dominated sorting and multi-criteria decision making. The results show that the width of lower B-pillar has the highest effect(about 55%) and the obtained optimum design point could reduce the weight of B-pillar by about 40% without reducing the BIP stiffness by more than 1.47%.

Multi-criteria assessment of offshore wind turbine support structures based on dynamic property optimization

Increasing size of wind turbine and deep water deployment have raised the issue of appropriate selection of the most suitable support structure to make offshore wind energy cost competitive.The paper presents an optimization methodology for decision making process of bottom mounted supports of offshore wind turbines （OWTs） through reasonable engineering attributes derivation.Mathematic models of support structures are reduced by the generalized single-degree-of-freedom theory with relatively fewer structural parameters.Soft-stiff design optimization based on dynamic properties of OWTs is performed for monopile and lattice supports with different wind turbines,water depth and hub height.Attributes of support structures,wind turbines and environment conditions are applied in the multi-criteria decision making method——TOPSIS for benchmarking of those options.The results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimazation methodology combined with economical and environmental attributes together.

Seismic Vulnerability of Building Construction Site

Building construction site plays an important role in the economic aspect of a region. So any disruption due to hazard event like earthquake can cause several direct and indirect damages. Direct damages can lead to the loss of equipments and qualified persons. Indirect damages can lead to inflation and loss of purchasing power. To deal with that situation, parameters that govern the vulnerability of building construction site have been identified. Using a MCDM （multiple criteria decision making） method, the priority order of these parameters has been set. Then a PVI （partial vulnerability index） and a GVI （global vulnerability index） are proposed. These indexes allow the classification of building construction sites according to their intrinsic vulnerability and seismic vulnerability respectively that is through the use of a given classification. Several Algerian building construction sites belonging to different seismic zones were considered in order to show the applicability of the method.

Multi-criteria Decision of Type and Building Material for Simple House Construction

Facing the innovation technology in building construction, the designer has the option in selecting the type of system construction and building materials. There is a big question for the designer and owner on how to evaluate the quality material to meet the technical requirements as building construction reliability. By demand to provide a low cost house, there is need for improving structure model and material construction for residents. When material cost takes 60%-70% of total construction cost, it is important to select the appropriate building material. Currently the innovation of material building for main frame and wall component has present for residential projects in Indonesia. Attempt to replace the traditional material such as brick or pozzolan lime concrete block is developed a new material include utilization of coal combustion waste for concrete block, lightweight concrete, or prefab panel wall. This paper presents the research result to develop a tool support for material and system construction selecting that facilitates the selection an optimal material for a simple house construction. A multi-criteria decision method is used based on performance criteria such as economy, reliability, comfort and eco-friend.

Application of Fuzzy-AHP method in the evaluation of logistics capability in e-commerce environment

In order to solve the complex problem of evaluation of logistics capability in e-commerce environment, an index system model of logistics capability is established based on the method of Fuzzy-AHP in this paper. The results show that the method of Fuzzy-AHP is a powerful and flexible multi-criteria decision-making tool for dealing with complex problems where both qualitative and quantitative aspects need to be considered, and the human preference model is uncertain and decision-makers are reluctant or unable to assign exact numerical values to the comparison judgments. The evaluation model of logistics capability based on method of Fuzzy-AHP can help to make an effective decision in the evaluation of logistics capability. By this way we can effectively deal with the uncertainty and vagueness in the evaluation process of logistics capability. Logistics companies can diagnose their own weaknesses in the area of logistics and enhance their competitiveness.

Soil Characteristics in Selected Landfill Sites in the Babylon Governorate, Iraq

The Babylon Governorate is situated in the middle of Iraq. It covers an area of 5,315 km2 and has 2,092,998 inhabitants distributed throughout its five major cities （Qadhaa）. Presently, there is no landfill site in the governorate that meets the environmental criteria for the disposal of municipal and industrial waste. Consequently, GIS （geographic information system） and methods of multi-criteria decision making were used here to select the best sites in each city in the Babylon Governorate that would fulfil the environmental requirements. Two sites were chosen in each city. As the groundwater is very shallow in this area, the design should ensure against groundwater pollution by leachate from these sites. To avoid this problem, soil investigation was conducted at these sites so that the most suitable landfill design could be accomplished. The results of soil investigation in these sites include the soil profile, groundwater depth, chemical properties, allowable bearing capacity, Atterberg limits test results and material characteristics of the soil strata. From the research, it is believed that the best design is one that puts the landfill above ground.

Multi-criteria decision-making selection model with application to chemical engineering management decisions

Chemical industry project management involves complex decision making situations that require discerning abilities and methods to make sound decisions. Chemical engineers as project managers are faced with decision environments and problems in chemical industry projects that are complex. Multiple-criteria decision making （MCDM） approaches are major parts of decision theory and analysis. This paper presents all of MCDM approaches for use in chemical engineering management decisions. In this work, case study is Research and Development （R＆D） project selection in chemical industry. The ability to make sound decisions is very important to success of R＆D projects. It is hoped that this work will provide a ready reference on MCDM and this will encourage the application of the MCDM in chemical engineering management.

The Development of the Generation Expansion Planning System Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Rule

The power expansion planning is large and capital intensive capacity planning. In the past, the expansion planning was established with the proper supply reliability in order to minimize social cost. However, such planning cannot be used in the power markets with many market participants. This paper proposed the power expansion planning process in the power markets. This system is composed of Regulator and Generation Company （GENCO）＇s model. Multi-criteria decision making rule is used for regulator model and several scenarios for GENCO model are applied.

OPTIMAL HIERARCHY STRUCTURES FOR MULTI-ATTRIBUTE-CRITERIA DECISIONS

A problem of a hierarchy structure optimization is considered.Hierarchical structures arewidely used in the Analytic Hierarchy Process,conjoint analysis,and various other methods of multiplecriteria decision making.The problem consists in finding a structure that needs a minimum number ofpair comparisons for a given total number of the alternatives.For an optimal hierarchy,the minimumefforts are needed for eliciting data and synthesizing the local preferences across the hierarchy to getthe global priorities or utilities.Special estimation techniques are developed and numerical simulationsperformed.Analytical and numerical results suggest optimal ways of priority evaluations for practicalmanagerial decisions in a complex environment.

Consensus-reaching methods for hesitant fuzzy multiple criteria group decision making with hesitant fuzzy decision making matrices

Group decision making plays an important role in various fields of management decision and economics. In this paper, we develop two methods for hesitant fuzzy multiple criteria group decision making with group consensus in which all the experts use hesitant fuzzy decision matrices （HFDMs） to express their preferences. The aim of this paper is to present two novel consensus models applied in different group decision making situations, which are composed of consensus checking processes, consensus-reaching processes, and selection processes. All the experts make their own judgments on each alternative over multiple criteria by hesitant fuzzy sets, and then the aggregation of each hesitant fuzzy set under each criterion is calculated by the aggregation operators. Furthermore, we can calculate the distance between any two aggregations of hesitant fuzzy sets, based on which the deviation between any two experts is yielded. After introducing the consensus measure, we develop two kinds of consensus-reaching procedures and then propose two step-by-step algorithms for hesitant fuzzy multiple criteria group decision making. A numerical example concerning the selection of selling ways about ＇Trade-Ins＇ for Apple Inc. is provided to illustrate and verify the developed approaches. In this example, the methods which aim to reach a high consensus of all the experts before the selection process can avoid some experts＇ preference values being too high or too low. After modifying the previous preference information by using our consensus measures, the result of the selection process is much more reasonable.