青铜器锈蚀标识在青铜器保护修复中具有重要作用。目前,青铜器锈蚀标识以人工标识为主,但是,由于该青铜器锈蚀较为混杂,不易识别,也会因个人经验差异出现标注不一致等问题。因此,该文提出了一种青铜器锈蚀智能标识方法,即基于分组LSTM与...青铜器锈蚀标识在青铜器保护修复中具有重要作用。目前,青铜器锈蚀标识以人工标识为主,但是,由于该青铜器锈蚀较为混杂,不易识别,也会因个人经验差异出现标注不一致等问题。因此,该文提出了一种青铜器锈蚀智能标识方法,即基于分组LSTM与CNN的标识方法(multi-group LSTM and CNN,MGLC)。该方法对青铜器高光谱图像设计了一种端到端的网络,该网络在CNN网络的基础上引入了多分组策略的LSTM网络,CNN网络可以提取丰富的空间信息,多分组策略的LSTM可以探索光谱的上下文信息,MGLC网络有效地结合了青铜器高光谱图像的空间信息和光谱信息。实验表明,该方法在青铜器锈蚀类别的智能标识中具有良好的效果。展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) is the main greenhouse gas and also an ideal C1 feedstock in organic synthesis because it is abundant,nontoxic,nonflammable,and renewable.The synthesis of organic carbamates using CO_(2) as a ph...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) is the main greenhouse gas and also an ideal C1 feedstock in organic synthesis because it is abundant,nontoxic,nonflammable,and renewable.The synthesis of organic carbamates using CO_(2) as a phosgene alternative has attracted extensive attention because of the importance of carbamates in organic synthesis and in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.In recent decades,many multicomponent reaction strategies have been designed for constructing different types of organic carbamate molecules.Most of these methods rely on the in situ generation of carbamate anions from CO_(2) and amines,followed by reactions with other coupling partners.Synthetic strategies for acyclic carbamates include nucleophile‐electrophile coupling,nucleo‐phile‐nucleophile oxidative coupling,difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons,and C–H bond functionalization.Strategies for the synthesizing cyclic carbamates include carboxylative cyclization of in situ‐generated unsaturated amines and difunctionalization of unsaturated amines with CO_(2) and other electrophilic reagents.This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthesis of organic carbamates from CO_(2) using different multicomponent reaction strategies.Future perspectives and challenges in the incorporation of CO_(2) into carbamates are also presented.展开更多
The complexity of the physical demands of soccer requires the completion of a multi-component training programme. The development, planning, and implementation of such a programme are difficult due partly to the pract...The complexity of the physical demands of soccer requires the completion of a multi-component training programme. The development, planning, and implementation of such a programme are difficult due partly to the practical constraints related to the competitive schedule at the top level. The effective planning and organisation of training are therefore crucial to the effective delivery of the training stimulus for both individual players and the team. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the principles of training that can be used to prepare players for the physical demands of soccer. Information relating to periodisation is supported by an outline of the strategies used to deliver the acute training stress in a soccer environment. The importance of monitoring to support the planning process is also reviewed.展开更多
文摘青铜器锈蚀标识在青铜器保护修复中具有重要作用。目前,青铜器锈蚀标识以人工标识为主,但是,由于该青铜器锈蚀较为混杂,不易识别,也会因个人经验差异出现标注不一致等问题。因此,该文提出了一种青铜器锈蚀智能标识方法,即基于分组LSTM与CNN的标识方法(multi-group LSTM and CNN,MGLC)。该方法对青铜器高光谱图像设计了一种端到端的网络,该网络在CNN网络的基础上引入了多分组策略的LSTM网络,CNN网络可以提取丰富的空间信息,多分组策略的LSTM可以探索光谱的上下文信息,MGLC网络有效地结合了青铜器高光谱图像的空间信息和光谱信息。实验表明,该方法在青铜器锈蚀类别的智能标识中具有良好的效果。
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) is the main greenhouse gas and also an ideal C1 feedstock in organic synthesis because it is abundant,nontoxic,nonflammable,and renewable.The synthesis of organic carbamates using CO_(2) as a phosgene alternative has attracted extensive attention because of the importance of carbamates in organic synthesis and in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.In recent decades,many multicomponent reaction strategies have been designed for constructing different types of organic carbamate molecules.Most of these methods rely on the in situ generation of carbamate anions from CO_(2) and amines,followed by reactions with other coupling partners.Synthetic strategies for acyclic carbamates include nucleophile‐electrophile coupling,nucleo‐phile‐nucleophile oxidative coupling,difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons,and C–H bond functionalization.Strategies for the synthesizing cyclic carbamates include carboxylative cyclization of in situ‐generated unsaturated amines and difunctionalization of unsaturated amines with CO_(2) and other electrophilic reagents.This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthesis of organic carbamates from CO_(2) using different multicomponent reaction strategies.Future perspectives and challenges in the incorporation of CO_(2) into carbamates are also presented.
文摘The complexity of the physical demands of soccer requires the completion of a multi-component training programme. The development, planning, and implementation of such a programme are difficult due partly to the practical constraints related to the competitive schedule at the top level. The effective planning and organisation of training are therefore crucial to the effective delivery of the training stimulus for both individual players and the team. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the principles of training that can be used to prepare players for the physical demands of soccer. Information relating to periodisation is supported by an outline of the strategies used to deliver the acute training stress in a soccer environment. The importance of monitoring to support the planning process is also reviewed.
