医用多功能尺的制作与应用

在医院的护理工作中,绘制体温图常使用的是三角板或直尺,在需要绘制＂○＂和＂×＂时,因为没有一个统一标准,通常是直接用笔画,往往大小长短不一,不易辨认,且影响美观；常用的三角板较大，携带不方便，且直尺的边和角较少，使用时需要不停转动，费时、不方便。我们设计了医用多功能尺并应用于临床，取得了满意的效果，介绍如下。

临床多功能尺在护理教学中的应用研究

目的对临床护理教学多功能尺的测瞳、输液滴数计算的速度、准确度等功能以及教学效果进行验证.方法随机抽取我院99名实习同学,将其分为两组,一组为使用多功能尺,一组为对照组,对多功能尺的临床教学应用效果进行对比.结果多功能尺计算输液速度时间明显短于普通计算时间P<0.001;使用多功能尺的教学组与对照组在生命体征观测特别是瞳孔、意识状态方面有显著差异P<0.001;94.1%的护生认为多功能尺能提高临床实践能力.临床带教教师对两组护生的临床实习成绩评价对比,差异有显著性意义.结论临床多功能尺能简便、快速、准确地提供临床观察记录数据,明显缩短输液调速时间,使无经验护士也能准确观察到瞳孔直径,方便、准确地记算和调整输液滴数.

临床护理多功能尺的应用研究

目的 对临床护理多功能尺的测瞳、输液滴数计算的速度、精确度等功能进行验证。方法 随机抽取不同科室68例静脉输液病人．在调整输液滴速时．运用多功能尺计算与普通计算进行对比；随机抽取60例颅脑手术后病人。将该科室有经验护士和实习护士随机进行组合，对病人瞳孔进行目测．与多功能尺观察结果进行比较分析。结果 多功能尺调速计算时间明显短于普通计算时间(P<0．001)；多功能尺测量瞳孔直径准确性好．与无经验护士观察结果相比有显著差异(P<0．001)．与有经验护士的测量结果相比无显著性差异。结论 临床护理多功能尺能简便、快速、准确地提供临床观察记录数据，明显缩短输液调速时间,使无经验护士也能准确观察瞳孔直径。

地质多功能尺及在构造分析中的应用

地质多功能尺是由余切尺，大、小量角器，直线尺等构成的组合型制图工具，它可实现绝大部分极射赤平投影功能，且制作简单，操作使用方便，容易掌握，利用它可快速地解决地质构造的几何形态和应力分析等方面的许多实际问题。

服装“多功能”样板尺在教学中的研究

服装设计主要包括款式设计、结构设计、工艺设计三大部分。结构设计在教学中占取相当大的课时,不利于设计类人才的培养。服装多功能样板尺在通过服装结构的基本规律和服装款式变化的基础上不断总结,提炼、概括、拟定出一系列服装专用打版尺,致力解决服装样板设计的多种问题,从而提高该课程的授课效率并降低课时数,提升服装专业学生的设计水平。

多功能评估工具尺的研制及临床应用

目的探讨多功能评估工具尺在临床护理评估中的应用效果。方法将120例手术患者随机分为对照组和观察组各60例。对照组采用传统纸质版护理评估单,观察组设计并制作多功能评估工具尺,对患者疼痛、压疮和深静脉血栓风险进行评估。结果观察组评估耗时显著短于对照组(均P<0.01);92.31%护理人员愿意使用多功能评估工具尺,使用满意度得分率77.88%。结论多功能评估工具尺受到护理人员的认可,可节省风险评估时间,提高工作效率。

基于工科学生的多功能工程绘图尺设计

工科专业学生,特别是机械和模具专业的学生,无论课程设计、毕业设计都要手绘工程图,以往都是通过丁字尺在图板上绘制,使用不方便,效率低,操作的不熟悉带来的是作图效果的不理想,使学生产生畏难心理,最终导致课程设计完成效果不理想。基于此,设计一款多功能工程绘图尺,能大大加快工程图特别是模具图的绘制速度,提高课程设计的教学质量和教学效果,增强学生手绘工程图的技能,从而为今后的社会实践和就业打下坚实的基础。

多功能评估工具尺的研制及临床应用

目的分析多功能评估工具尺的研制及临床应用。方法抽取我院收治的100例手术患者,入选时间为2017年3月至2018年3月,依据入院顺序将100例患者均分为两组,即50例观察组使用多功能病情评估工具尺,50例对照组患者选择纸质护理评估单,对比两种方法的应用效果。结果观察组瞳孔、肌力、格拉斯哥评分评估时间均少于对照组患者,两组数据对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多功能病情评估工具尺,可提高观察患者病情的准确性并使评估用时减少,临床应用价值存在。

多功能疼痛评分尺在癌症疼痛评估中的应用

目的探讨多功能疼痛评分尺在癌症疼痛评估中的应用。方法选取2020年6月至12月南昌市第一医院收治的60例中重度疼痛肿瘤患者作为研究对象,按照病例选取时间将2020年6月至10月的30例患者作为对照组,将2020年11月至12月的30例患者作为实验组。对照组采用数字疼痛评分量表(NRS),实验组采用多功能疼痛评分尺。比较两组疼痛评估效果、护士使用效果评价、患者使用效果评价、评估耗时。结果实验组疼痛评估效果(96.67%)高于对照组(73.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组护士使用效果评价[88.89%(8/9)]与对照组[77.78%(7/9)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组患者使用效果评价[100.00%(30/30)]高于对照组[76.67%(23/30)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组疼痛评估耗时[(2.71±0.51)min]短于对照组[(4.95±0.62)min],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用多功能疼痛评分尺在癌症疼痛评估中,可提高疼痛评估效果,缩短疼痛评估耗时,改善护士使用效果评价,提高患者使用效果评价。

多功能伤口尺的设计与应用

为了对伤口面积进行准确测量并直观呈现,我们设计了一种多功能伤口尺（以下简称为伤口尺）,用以简单评估伤口面积、伤口部位及拍照存档,对简化临床测量伤口面积的步骤和时间、评估伤势严重程度和伤口愈合情况等均具有重要意义,现报告如下。1材料与设计伤口尺选用纸质材料制作,一次性使用。包括时钟、旋转轴圆心、个人信息、伤口编号、粘贴纸、延长粘贴位、基底颜色对比、部位序号、测量刻度、人体图谱分区。结构见图1。

多功能造口测量尺在专科护理中的实际应用

目的:采用自制的多功能造口测量尺精准测量各种形状的造口,有效降低了造口底盘的渗漏率。方法:结合临床随机分为试验组(48例)和对照组(52例),两组均采用造口测量尺测量造口形态不规则的造口,试验组选择自制的多功能造口测量尺进行测量;对照组选择常规造口测量尺进行测量。结果:试验组进行的造口测量;有42例患者达到精准测量,佩戴造口袋已达正常使用天数为3至4天,明显降低了造口底盘的渗漏,有6例患者未达到正常使用天数,对照组进行的造口测量,其中有36例造口患者出现了明显的渗漏,均佩戴不足1天,有16例患者了正常使用天数。结论:自制的多功能造口测量尺在测量不规则的造口有明显的优势,可有效提高造口底盘的使用天数。

以3D打印技术为基础的STEM教学活动探究

STEM教育是一门结合了科学、技术、工程、数学的综合性教育,旨在培养学生跨学科运用知识进行创新实践的能力,为国家培养更多高科技创新人才。教师可以3D打印技术为基础开展STEM教学活动,借助相应的计算机软件和3D打印设备进行实施,探索丰富的STEM教学活动形式,促进学生综合能力的提高。

Synthesis of fractal geometry and CAGD models for multi-scale topography modelling of functional surfaces

In order to support the functional design and simulation and the final fabrication processes for functional surfaces,it is necessary to obtain a multi-scale modelling approach representing both macro geometry and micro details of the surface in one unified model.Based on the fractal geometry theory,a synthesized model is proposed by mathematically combining Weierstrass-Mandelbrot fractal function in micro space and freeform CAGD model in macro space.Key issues of the synthesis,such as algorithms for fractal interpolation of freeform profiles,and visualization optimization for fractal details,are addressed.A prototype of the integration solution is developed based on the platform of AutoCAD's Object ARX,and a few multi-scale modelling examples are used as case studies.With the consistent mathematic model,multi-scale surface geometries can be represented precisely.Moreover,the visualization result of the functional surfaces shows that the visualization optimization strategies developed are efficient.

Analysis of semi-solid response under rapid compression tests using multi-scale modelling and experiments

Simulating semi-solid metal forming requires modelling semi-solid behaviour.However, such modelling is difficult because semi-solid behavior is thixotropic and depends on the liquid-solid spatial distribution within the material.In order to better understand and model relationships between microstructure and behavior, a model based on micromechanical approaches and homogenisation techniques is presented.This model is an extension of a previous model established in a pure viscoplastic framework to account for elasticity.Indeed, experimental load-displacement signals reveal the presence of an elastic-type response in the earlier stages of deformation when semi-solids are loaded under rapid compression.This elastic feature of the behaviour is attributed to the response of the porous solid skeleton saturated by incompressible liquid.A good quantitative agreement is found between the elastic-viscoplastic predicted response and the experimental data.More precisely, the strong initial rising part of the load-displacement curve, the peak load and the subsequent fall in load are well captured.The effect of solid fraction on mechanical response is in qualitative agreement with experiments.

Design of Sustainable Multifunctional Nanocoatings：A Goal-driven Multiscale Systems Approach

Polymer nanocomposites have a great potential to be a dominant coating material in a wide range of applications in the automotive,aerospace,ship-making,construction,and pharmaceutical industries.However,how to realize design sustainability of this type of nanostructured materials and how to ensure the true optimality of the product quality and process performance in coating manufacturing remain as a mountaintop area.The major challenges arise from the intrinsic multiscale nature of the material-process-product system and the need to manipulate the high levels of complexity and uncertainty in design and manufacturing processes.In this work,the challenging objectives of sustainable design and manufacturing are simultaneously accomplished by resorting to multiscale systems theory and engineering sustainability principles.The principal idea is to achieve exceptional system performance through concurrent characterization and optimization of materials,product and associated manufacturing processes covering a wide range of length and time scales.Multiscale modeling and simulation techniques ranging from microscopic molecular modeling to classical continuum modeling are seamlessly coupled.The integration of different methods and theories at individual scales allows the quantitative prediction of macroscopic system performance from the fundamental molecular behavior.Furthermore,mathematically rigorous and methodologically viable approaches are pursued to achieve sustainability-goal-oriented design of material-process-product systems.The introduced methodology can greatly facilitate experimentalists in novel material invention and new knowledge discovery.At the same time,it can provide scientific guidance and reveal various new opportunities and effective strategies for achieving sustainable manufacturing.The methodological attractiveness will be fully demonstrated by a detailed case study on the design of thermoset nanocomposite coatings.

Exploring the Scale Effects of Trade-offs and Synergies of Multifunctional Cultivated Land——Evidence from Wuhan Metropolitan Area

The purpose of this paper is to explore the trade-offs and synergies of multifunctional cultivated land(MCL) at multiple scales. The study area is Wuhan Metropolitan Area, China. The entropy method and the method of Spearman’s rank correlation were employed for the analysis of combined land use/cover data, administrative division data, population data and statistical yearbook data, from the multi-scale perspectives of cities, counties and townships. The results showed that:(1) The multi-functionality of cultivated land had obvious spatial differences and its overall spatial patterns were relatively robust, which did not change very much at the single scale.(2) At each single scale, the MCL’s trade-offs and synergies had spatial heterogeneity.(3) Scale effects existed in the MCL’s trade-offs and synergies. From the prefecture-level city scale, to the county scale, and to the township scale, the MCL’s trade-offs were changed to synergies, and some synergic relationships were enhanced. This article contributes to the literature by deepening the multiscale analysis of trade-offs and synergies of multifunctional cultivated land. The conclusions might provide a basis for helping policy-makers to implement protection measures for the multi-functionality of cultivated land at the right spatial scale, and to promote the higher-level synergies of multifunctional cultivated land to realize its sustainable use.

肿瘤患者疼痛控制不佳的原因及护理对策

探讨如何提高癌症患者对疼痛认识,提高其生活质量。方法:选取2020年6月至12月我院收治的60例中重度疼痛性肿瘤患者作为研究对象。根据病例选择时间,选取2020年6月至10月的30例患者为对照组,2020年11月至12月的30例患者为实验组。对照组使用数字疼痛评定评分尺(NRS),实验组使用多功能疼痛评分尺。比较两组疼痛评估效果、护士使用效果评估、患者使用效果评估、耗时评估。结果:实验组疼痛评价效果高于对照组;实验组护士效果评价与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组疗效评价高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组疼痛评估时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于疼痛评估,在癌痛评估中使用多功能疼痛评分评分尺可以提高疼痛评估的效果,缩短疼痛评估的耗时,提高护士对疼痛评估的效果。