The sustainable development of the chemical industry requires novel and efficient catalysts and catalytic processes,especially eco-friendly and intrinsically safe processes.The idea is to improve the selectivity,activ...The sustainable development of the chemical industry requires novel and efficient catalysts and catalytic processes,especially eco-friendly and intrinsically safe processes.The idea is to improve the selectivity,activity,and stability of the catalyst in an appropriate reactor.Therefore,it is of great academic and industrial significance to conduct in-situ characterization of a working catalyst while testing its catalytic performance.This is beneficial for a comprehensive study on the dynamic evolution of the catalyst structure under real conditions,deepening the understanding of the structure-performance relationship of catalysts,and providing a scientific basis for the development of future generation catalytic technology.Thus far,it is still a great challenge to realize full life cycle characterization of heterogeneous catalysts from catalyst formation and function to deactivation under real world conditions.In this mini review,we summarize the characterization strategies for heterogeneous catalysts,using zeolite,metal,and metal oxide catalysts as typical examples.The research strategies for the approximation of industrial conditions,multi-scale in-situ characterization devices,and computational modeling of realistic conditions should provide insight for the research and development of industrial catalysis.展开更多
We report the successful treatment of multiple lung metastases after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with combined docetaxel, cisplatin (CDDP), and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil (UFT-E). A 68-year...We report the successful treatment of multiple lung metastases after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with combined docetaxel, cisplatin (CDDP), and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil (UFT-E). A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with multiple lung metastases of HCC 7 mo after partial hepatectomy for HCC. Oral UFT-E was given daily and docetaxel and CDDP were given intra-arterially (administered just before the bronchial arteries) every 2 wk via a subcutaneous injection port. One month after starting chemotherapy, levels of tumor marker, protein induced by vitamin K absence(PIVKA--), decreased rapidly,and after a further month, chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed the complete disappearance of multiple liver metastases. Two years after the combined chemotherapy, HCC recurred in the liver and was treated but no pulmonary recurrence occurred. In the absence of a standardized highly effective therapy, this combined chemotherapy with docetaxel, CDDP and UFT-E may be an attractive option for multiple lung metastases of HCC.展开更多
The hydrothermal experiments with ketones and formic acid showed that the hydrogen transfer reduction of ketones can be conducted using formic acid as a hydride donor in the presence of NaOH at 300 ℃. The yield of al...The hydrothermal experiments with ketones and formic acid showed that the hydrogen transfer reduction of ketones can be conducted using formic acid as a hydride donor in the presence of NaOH at 300 ℃. The yield of alcohols was considerably higher at a much lower ratio of hydrogen source to ketones than the traditional Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley （MPV） reduction, reaching 60% for isopropanol from acetone and 70% for lactic acid from pyruvic acid. Water molecules may act as a catalyst in the hydrogen transfer reduction of ketones under hydrothermal conditions.展开更多
文摘The sustainable development of the chemical industry requires novel and efficient catalysts and catalytic processes,especially eco-friendly and intrinsically safe processes.The idea is to improve the selectivity,activity,and stability of the catalyst in an appropriate reactor.Therefore,it is of great academic and industrial significance to conduct in-situ characterization of a working catalyst while testing its catalytic performance.This is beneficial for a comprehensive study on the dynamic evolution of the catalyst structure under real conditions,deepening the understanding of the structure-performance relationship of catalysts,and providing a scientific basis for the development of future generation catalytic technology.Thus far,it is still a great challenge to realize full life cycle characterization of heterogeneous catalysts from catalyst formation and function to deactivation under real world conditions.In this mini review,we summarize the characterization strategies for heterogeneous catalysts,using zeolite,metal,and metal oxide catalysts as typical examples.The research strategies for the approximation of industrial conditions,multi-scale in-situ characterization devices,and computational modeling of realistic conditions should provide insight for the research and development of industrial catalysis.
文摘We report the successful treatment of multiple lung metastases after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with combined docetaxel, cisplatin (CDDP), and enteric-coated tegafur/uracil (UFT-E). A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with multiple lung metastases of HCC 7 mo after partial hepatectomy for HCC. Oral UFT-E was given daily and docetaxel and CDDP were given intra-arterially (administered just before the bronchial arteries) every 2 wk via a subcutaneous injection port. One month after starting chemotherapy, levels of tumor marker, protein induced by vitamin K absence(PIVKA--), decreased rapidly,and after a further month, chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed the complete disappearance of multiple liver metastases. Two years after the combined chemotherapy, HCC recurred in the liver and was treated but no pulmonary recurrence occurred. In the absence of a standardized highly effective therapy, this combined chemotherapy with docetaxel, CDDP and UFT-E may be an attractive option for multiple lung metastases of HCC.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse in China (Tongji University) (No. PCRRK08002)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No. 2008BAJ08B13)the Shanghai Pujiang Elitist Program of China (No. 07pj14083)
文摘The hydrothermal experiments with ketones and formic acid showed that the hydrogen transfer reduction of ketones can be conducted using formic acid as a hydride donor in the presence of NaOH at 300 ℃. The yield of alcohols was considerably higher at a much lower ratio of hydrogen source to ketones than the traditional Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley （MPV） reduction, reaching 60% for isopropanol from acetone and 70% for lactic acid from pyruvic acid. Water molecules may act as a catalyst in the hydrogen transfer reduction of ketones under hydrothermal conditions.
