Effect of Paclobutrazol plus Ethephon Treatment on Endogenous Hormones and Carbon and Nitrogen Nutrients in Litchi Variety ‘Feizixiao'

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon on the endogenous hormones and carbon and nitrogen nutrients in litchi variety ＇Feizixiao＇.[Method] [Result] The results showed that foliar spraying of the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon could effectively inhibit litchi variety ＇Feizixiao＇ to produce winter shoots,promote the flower bud differentiation and improve flower formation rate; meanwhile,this treatment could also increase the contents of ABA and ZR,and the ratios of ABA/IAA,ABA/GA3,ZR/IAA,ZR/GA3,and decrease the contents of IAA and GA3; additionally,it could increase the contents of soluble sugar,starch and total nitrogen,and raise C/N ratio,thus improving the flower formation rate.[Conclusion] Foliar spraying of the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon is an effective pathway for solving warmth damage to litchi.

Effects of Density, Fertilizer and Chemical Control on Yield of Japonica Variety 'Tongyoujing 1' and Technology Optimization

The effects of different basic seedlings, N application rates and paclobutrazol measures on the development and yield of Tongyoujing 1 population were studied through the D-saturated optimum regression design tests. The results showed thatthe effects of various factors on yield under the experimental conditions were in order of N application rate basic seedlings paclobutrazol dosage. The increases of basic seedlings and N application rate are beneficial to the increases of population quantity and tiller density, and could improve number of panicles per unit area and increase the population leaf area and accumulated amount of dry matter.However, too-high basic seedlings and N application rate would reduce reproductive tiller percentage and economic coefficient, and prolong growth duration. Proper basic seedlings could coordinate the correlation between tiller density and productive tiller percentage, ensure higher leaf area and dry matter accumulation at filling stage,and improve yield of Tongyoujing 1. According to the multivariate nonlinear regression analysis of yield with various factors, Tongyoujing 1 could reach its maximum yield potential of 12 606.0 kg/hm2 under the basic seedlings of 55.2×104/hm2, N application rate at 339.2 kg/hm2, and paclobutrazol dosage of 97.9 g/hm2. The comprehensive agricultural measures for a yield higher than 11 250 kg/hm2were： basic seedlings 52.6 ×10^4-60.1 ×10^4/hm2, N application rate 328.0-356.1 kg/hm2, and paclobutrazol dosage 87.6-104.6 g/hm2.

Effect of Paclobutrazol on Distribution Relation Between Different Organs of Japonica Rice under Direct Seeding Model

Three japonica rice varieties were soaked in 110 mg/L paclobutrazol solution for 48 h and then directly seeded, and seeds soaked with clean water were used as a control group. The analysis of dry weights of various organs and agronomic traits showed that soaking of japonica seeds with paclobutrazol had little impact on the correlation between dry weights of various organs, but there were still significant differences between cultivars. The correlation coefficients between lengths of the first and second nodes with filled grain weight changed from 0.024 and 0.056 in the CK to -0.116 and -0.042 correspondingly after presoaking with paclobutrazol. Therefore, paclobutrezol reduces the effect of stem-sheath weight on filled grain weight, and as a result, photosynthetic product could not be effectively transported in maturation stage of rice.

Effect of Paclobutrazol and Auxin on Growth Plantlet of Garlic Varieties in in Vitro Culture

Area of cultivating garlic in Indonesia experienced a sharp decline. In a period of 20 years （1991-2011）, the decline of garlic planting area reaches 91%. The fact is causing erosion of genetic resources of several varieties of garlic. Propagated vegetatively garlic through in vitro culture aims to obtain quality bulblet. This study aims to get the combination treatment between paclobutrazol, indole acetic acid （IAA）, indole butyric acid （IBA） and naphthalene acetic acid （NAA） in some varieties of garlic in Indonesia. This study used a completely randomized design （CRD） with two treatment factors, i.e., on varieties （Bali, Gunung Kidul, Slawi, Tawangmangu and Mataram） and 1.5 ppm paclobutrazol combination with a wide auxin （IAA 0.5 ppm, 0.5 ppm IBA, NAA 0.5 ppm）. Variable observations include the current appear shoots and roots, number of shoots and roots, shoots and root length. Observations showed that the combination of paclobutrazol ＋ NAA is able to produce plantlets that have the best vigor than paclohutrazol ＋ IAA and paclobutrazol ＋ IBA combination treatment.