为制备多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维,首先以无水氯化铝、无水氯化镁、无水乙醇为原料,二氯甲烷为溶剂,采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备出干凝胶,再引入纺丝助剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和助溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)制成静电纺丝溶液,利用多针头同轴静电...为制备多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维,首先以无水氯化铝、无水氯化镁、无水乙醇为原料,二氯甲烷为溶剂,采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备出干凝胶,再引入纺丝助剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和助溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)制成静电纺丝溶液,利用多针头同轴静电纺丝法制备镁铝尖晶石凝胶-PVP前驱体纤维,经900℃煅烧合成出多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维。借助XRD和SEM研究了PVP用量(3、4和5 g)、阳离子浓度(0.216、0.288和0.360 mol·L^(-1))、静电纺丝电压(22、24和26 k V)及内液流速(0.1、0.3和0.5 m L·h^(-1))对多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维相组成和形貌的影响。结果发现:当PVP用量为4 g,阳离子浓度为0.288 mol·L^(-1),纺丝电压为24 k V,内液流速为0.3 m L·h^(-1)时,纤维物相为纯镁铝尖晶石相,纤维连续,并呈现明显的多孔结构。展开更多
Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the constru...Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts that possess both largely accessible active sites and superior ORR/OER intrinsic activities is challenging.Herein,we report the design and successful preparation of a 3D hierarchically porous graphene framework with interconnected interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores,enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt(pyri-N-Co)active sites,namely,CoFe/3D-NLG.The pyri-N-Co bonding significantly accelerates sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis kinetics,in turn substantially improving the intrinsic ORR/OER activities per active site,while copious interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores enable ultra-efficient mass transfer throughout the graphene architecture,thus ensuring sufficient exposure of accessible pyri-N-Co active sites to the reagents.Such a robust catalyst structure endows CoFe/3D-NLG with a remarkably enhanced reversible oxygen electrocatalysis performance,with the ORR half-wave potential identical to that of the benchmark Pt/C catalyst,and OER activity far surpassing that of the noble-metal-based RuO2 catalyst.Moreover,when employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn-air battery,CoFe/3D-NLG manifests an exceedingly high open-circuit voltage(1.56 V),high peak power density(213 mW cm^(–2)),ultra-low charge/discharge voltage(0.63 V),and excellent charge/discharge cycling stability,outperforming state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts.展开更多
文摘为制备多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维,首先以无水氯化铝、无水氯化镁、无水乙醇为原料,二氯甲烷为溶剂,采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备出干凝胶,再引入纺丝助剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和助溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)制成静电纺丝溶液,利用多针头同轴静电纺丝法制备镁铝尖晶石凝胶-PVP前驱体纤维,经900℃煅烧合成出多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维。借助XRD和SEM研究了PVP用量(3、4和5 g)、阳离子浓度(0.216、0.288和0.360 mol·L^(-1))、静电纺丝电压(22、24和26 k V)及内液流速(0.1、0.3和0.5 m L·h^(-1))对多孔镁铝尖晶石纤维相组成和形貌的影响。结果发现:当PVP用量为4 g,阳离子浓度为0.288 mol·L^(-1),纺丝电压为24 k V,内液流速为0.3 m L·h^(-1)时,纤维物相为纯镁铝尖晶石相,纤维连续,并呈现明显的多孔结构。
文摘Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts that possess both largely accessible active sites and superior ORR/OER intrinsic activities is challenging.Herein,we report the design and successful preparation of a 3D hierarchically porous graphene framework with interconnected interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores,enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt(pyri-N-Co)active sites,namely,CoFe/3D-NLG.The pyri-N-Co bonding significantly accelerates sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis kinetics,in turn substantially improving the intrinsic ORR/OER activities per active site,while copious interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores enable ultra-efficient mass transfer throughout the graphene architecture,thus ensuring sufficient exposure of accessible pyri-N-Co active sites to the reagents.Such a robust catalyst structure endows CoFe/3D-NLG with a remarkably enhanced reversible oxygen electrocatalysis performance,with the ORR half-wave potential identical to that of the benchmark Pt/C catalyst,and OER activity far surpassing that of the noble-metal-based RuO2 catalyst.Moreover,when employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn-air battery,CoFe/3D-NLG manifests an exceedingly high open-circuit voltage(1.56 V),high peak power density(213 mW cm^(–2)),ultra-low charge/discharge voltage(0.63 V),and excellent charge/discharge cycling stability,outperforming state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts.
