含有增强纤维的多孔滤膜Murase，Kei等（Mitsubishi Rayon Co．，Ltd，Japan）WO 02 24，3l5 2002，3，28 32页（日文）

该多孔膜具有良好的分离性能、高渗透性和高机械性能，特别是拉伸破坏强度高。该多孔膜由一多孔元件和增强纤维构成，该多孔元件从一个表面到另一个表面分布有大量的孔。增强纤维呈线型地连续存在于与渗透方向垂直的膜表面。在多孔元件的两个表面部位，一个表面在包括表面的横断面区域有增强纤维，而另一表面在包括表面在内的横断面区域无增强纤维。

在聚砜微滤膜表面接枝聚合叔胺单体DMAEMA及接枝膜对水介质中毒性阴离子的吸附与分离特性

采用相转化法制得了氯甲基化聚砜(CMPSF)微孔滤膜,以乙二胺为试剂对CMPSF膜进行化学改性,膜表面的伯胺基与水溶液中的过硫酸铵构成表面引发体系-NH_2/S_2O_8^(2-),使叔胺单体甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)发生接枝聚合,获得了多孔接枝膜PSF-g-PDMAEMA。考察了接枝聚合的规律,对接枝膜进行了充分表征,考察研究了接枝膜对2种毒性阴离子CrO_4^(2-)及MoO_4^(2-)离子的吸附性能和膜分离去除行为。研究结果表明,控制水溶液中过硫酸铵的质量分数为1%,温度为50℃,可制得PDMAEMA接枝度为0.64 mg/cm^2的接枝膜。在酸性及中性水溶液中,凭借强烈的静电相互作用,多孔接枝膜PSF-g-PDMAEMA对毒性阴离子CrO_4^(2-)离子及MoO_4^(2-)离子均会产生强吸附作用;以该多孔接枝膜为滤膜进行膜分离过程,通过选择性吸附,可有效地去除水介质中的CrO_4^(2-)离子。

新型膜分离预处理-亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定水中硫化物的含量

采用疏水性多孔滤膜对水样进行气液分离预处理,优化的预处理条件为:加入抗氧化剂除掉体系中带入的氧,设置加热温度为90℃,加热时间为60 min,50%(体积分数)磷酸溶液总量为20 mL(单次加酸量为2 mL)。采用亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定所得溶液中硫化物的含量。结果表明,硫化物标准曲线的线性范围为0.050~0.700 mg·L^(-1),检出限为0.003 mg·L^(-1)。方法用于测定有证标准物质,测定值在认定值的不确定度范围内,相对误差为-1.9%~-1.6%;按照标准加入法对实际样品进行回收试验,回收率为90.6%~95.0%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.5%~4.6%。

Effect of sol size on nanofiltration performance of a sol-gel derived microporous zirconia membrane

This paper reports the effect of sol size on nanofiltration performances of sol–gel derived microporous zirconia membranes. Microstructure, pure water flux, molecular weight cut-off(MWCO) and salt retention of zirconia membranes derived from zirconia sols with different sizes were characterized. Thermal evolution, phase composition, microstructure and chemical stability of unsupported zirconia membranes(powder) were determined by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption and static solubility measurements. Results show that nanofiltration performance of zirconia membranes is highly dependent on sol size. The sol with an average size of 3.8 nm, which is smaller than the pore size of the γ-Al2O3support(pore size: 5–6 nm), forms a discontinuous zirconia separation layer because of excessive penetration of sol into the support. This zirconia membrane displays a MWCO value towards polyethylene glycol higher than 4000 Da. A smooth and defect-free zirconia membrane with a MWCO value of 1195 Da(pore size: 1.75 nm) and relative high retention rates towards Mg Cl2(76%) and Ca Cl2(64%) was successfully fabricated by dip-coating the sol with an appropriate size of 8.6 nm. Zirconia sol with an average size of 12 nm exhibits colloidal nature and forms a zirconia membrane with a MWCO value of 2332 Da(pore size: 2.47 nm). This promising microporous zirconia membrane presents sufficiently high chemical stability in a wide p H range of 1–12.

高温烟气飞灰脱除装置在锅炉结构中的应用

高温烟气飞灰脱除装置是一种可布置于锅炉烟气温度350~600℃区间的袋式除尘装置,其具备耐温高、除尘精度高、耐腐蚀、设备阻力低、能连续稳定运行的特点,可布置于锅炉过热器与省煤器之间。