聚酰亚胺多孔碳膜的制备及其表征和应用

以乙醇为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化硅微球.首先由二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、4,4—二氨基二苯醚及均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)得到聚酰胺酸;再以二氧化硅微球作为模板剂,经亚胺化聚酰胺酸得到聚酰亚胺复合膜;复合膜经浸渍脱模板、高温炭化后得到多孔碳膜.采用扫描电镜观察了多孔碳膜的微结构;同时考察了碳膜的机械稳定性及其对催化剂的担载性能.结果表明,所制备的碳膜具有良好的结构多孔性和机械稳定性;其比表面积为377 m2.g-1,总的孔体积约为0.097 cm3.g-1.与此同时,多孔碳膜对金属Pt催化剂和葡萄糖氧化酶具有良好的吸附作用和担载性能.

纤维素基多孔碳膜的制备及其电化学性能研究

以α-纤维素分散液为前驱体,采用简单的抽滤和热处理工艺制备多孔超薄碳膜。采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜等方法对其结构进行了表征;采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等方法研究了其电化学性能;并且研究了多级孔结构对所制备的碳膜电化学性能的影响。结果表明:制备的超薄多孔碳膜呈现多级孔结构,厚度约为1.5μm,在电流密度为0.5A·g-1时,容量达到169F·g-1;在2A·g-1的电流密度下,在循环5 000圈后,可以保持80%的容量,同时库伦效率几乎保持100%。

聚酯/棕榈基多孔碳纤维杂化膜的结晶和力学性能

为提高静电纺丝聚酯纤维膜的力学性能,根据多孔碳纤维的高强度和高模量特性,在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)溶液中添加自制棕榈基多孔碳纤维(PACF),制得PET/PACF杂化纤维膜,并研究了PACF含量对杂化纤维膜形貌、结晶行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加PACF后,纤维牵伸效果明显改善,类竹节状纤维消失,纤维间黏连减少,直径更均匀;随PACF含量的增加,杂化纤维膜的玻璃化温度较纯PET提高约10℃,结晶度约提高6.7%,证明PACF的加入改善了电场对射流的牵伸效果,使得取向度提高;结晶温度提高约13.7℃,说明PACF异相成核作用促进了纤维膜的结晶。随取向度的提高,当PACF含量为2.5%时,纤维膜断裂强度达4.22 MPa,较纯PET静电纺膜提高了366.3%。

Diamond Like Carbon Film Deposited on Porous Silicon as Passivation Coating

By depositing diamond like carbon (DLC) film with radio frequency plasma chemical vapor deposition (RFPCVD) method, a new surface passivation technique for photoluminescence porous silicon (PS) has been studied. The surface microstructure and photoelectric properties of both porous silicon and DLC coated PS have been analyzed by using AFM, FTIR and PL spectrotrieters. The results show the DLC film with dense and homogenous nanometer grains can be deposited on the PS used as passivation coating as it can terminate oxide reaction on the surface of the PS. Furthermore, certain ratio of hydrogen existed in the DLC film can be improved to form hydride species on the DLC/PS interface as the centers of the luminescence so that the DLC coating is of benefit not only to the passivation of the PS but also to the improvement of its luminescent intensity.