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混凝土一维应力层裂实验的全场DIC分析 被引量:11
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作者 俞鑫炉 付应乾 +3 位作者 董新龙 周风华 宁建国 徐纪鹏 《力学学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2019年第4期1064-1072,共9页
基于74 mm直径分离式Hopkinson杆(SHPB)实验平台进行了混凝土杆的一维应力层裂实验.采用超高速相机(采样频率:2μs/frame)结合数字图像相关法(DIC),记录混凝土试件中的动态位移场实时变化情况,探讨了混凝土在拉伸断裂过程中的表面位移... 基于74 mm直径分离式Hopkinson杆(SHPB)实验平台进行了混凝土杆的一维应力层裂实验.采用超高速相机(采样频率:2μs/frame)结合数字图像相关法(DIC),记录混凝土试件中的动态位移场实时变化情况,探讨了混凝土在拉伸断裂过程中的表面位移场及速度场演化规律.针对实验中出现的多重层裂现象,基于一维应力波传播理论,指出各个位置在发生层裂时,其最大拉应力均由透射压缩波与反射拉伸波叠加而成,各处层裂发生时均处于一维应力状态.并提出了根据层裂位置左右两点速度趋势变化判断层裂发生时刻的判据.该判据可以给出所有层裂的起裂时间,结合DIC分析直接给出了混凝土多重层裂应变.结果显示混凝土的拉伸强度具有明显的应变率效应,在30 s-1的应变率下,其拉伸强度的动态增强因子(DIF)可以达到5.与传统的波叠加法和自由面速度回跳法相比,DIC全场分析法不受加载波形限制,可以精确给出每个层裂的位置和起裂时间,从而得到试件在高应变率加载下不同位置处的断裂应变、拉伸强度及相应应变率,提高了测量效率. 展开更多
关键词 强度 数字图像相关法 混凝土 HOPKINSON压杆 动态增强因子 多层裂
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可钻式复合桥塞多层段压裂技术的现场应用 被引量:19
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作者 汪于博 陈远林 +3 位作者 李明 朱宏扬 刘雨 赵昊 《钻采工艺》 CAS 北大核心 2013年第3期45-48,7,共4页
国内正逐渐开始对致密砂岩气、页岩气、煤层气等非常规油气藏进行勘探开发,针对这类非常规油气藏,多层段压裂改造是提高单井产量的必要手段。可钻式复合桥塞多层段压裂技术作为目前国内外进行页岩气藏等非常规油气藏开发使用的主体储层... 国内正逐渐开始对致密砂岩气、页岩气、煤层气等非常规油气藏进行勘探开发,针对这类非常规油气藏,多层段压裂改造是提高单井产量的必要手段。可钻式复合桥塞多层段压裂技术作为目前国内外进行页岩气藏等非常规油气藏开发使用的主体储层改造技术,该技术具有不受分段压裂层数限制、工具管柱简单、不易造成砂卡、解除封堵快捷、桥塞钻铣完后保证了井筒的畅通便于后续工艺管柱的下入等诸多的优点,文章从压裂工艺原理、技术关键和现场应用等几方面进行了分析。该技术在现场的成功应用取得了显著的增产效果,同时也为国内非常规油气藏的多层压裂改造提供了新的技术支撑及开发思路。 展开更多
关键词 可钻式复合桥塞 多层段压 现场应用
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不动管柱分层压裂技术在低渗气田中的应用 被引量:3
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作者 刁素 朱礼平 +3 位作者 黄禹忠 刘林 王兴文 王毅 《天然气技术与经济》 2011年第2期34-35,52,共3页
针对川西中浅层气藏低渗低孔,纵向上多层系、多砂体叠置等特点,研发了多封隔器不动管柱多层分层压裂工艺,配套了低密度钢球开喷砂滑套及井口捕球工艺。不动管柱多层分层压裂工艺可一次性完成三层甚至四层分层压裂,配套低密度球及捕球工... 针对川西中浅层气藏低渗低孔,纵向上多层系、多砂体叠置等特点,研发了多封隔器不动管柱多层分层压裂工艺,配套了低密度钢球开喷砂滑套及井口捕球工艺。不动管柱多层分层压裂工艺可一次性完成三层甚至四层分层压裂,配套低密度球及捕球工艺,可以大大减少因钢球滞留在井内对产量和后期作业的影响。该技术应用于三层或四层分压13井次,平均单井加砂规模为92.5m3,低密度球捕获率为72.4%,压前平均无阻流量为0.35×104m3/d,压后测试无阻流量为11.67×104m3/d。 展开更多
关键词 不动管柱 多层 捕球工艺 低密度钢球
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不动管柱多层分层加砂压裂技术及其应用 被引量:1
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作者 刁素 方行 滕小兰 《精细石油化工进展》 CAS 2010年第8期13-16,共4页
针对川西中浅层气藏低渗低孔,纵向上多层系、多砂体叠置等特点,开发了不动管柱多层分层加砂压裂工艺。确定了适应不同储层温度的低伤害压裂液配方,各配方低伤害压裂液均具有较好的抗剪切性能,对岩心伤害率仅4%~12%;不动管柱多层分层加... 针对川西中浅层气藏低渗低孔,纵向上多层系、多砂体叠置等特点,开发了不动管柱多层分层加砂压裂工艺。确定了适应不同储层温度的低伤害压裂液配方,各配方低伤害压裂液均具有较好的抗剪切性能,对岩心伤害率仅4%~12%;不动管柱多层分层加砂压裂工艺可一次性完成三层甚至四层分层压裂,其配套低密度钢球及捕球工艺可大大减少因钢球留在井内对天然气产量和后期作业的影响。该技术现场应用于三层或四层分层13井次,单井平均加砂量92.5 m^3,返排率均达62%以上,低密度钢球捕获率72.4%,压裂前平均天然气产量0.352 9×10~4m^3/d,压裂后平均天然气产量11.669 8×10~4m^3/d,增产效果显著。该技术为同类气藏的高效开发提供了依据,具有较好的推广应用前景。 展开更多
关键词 低伤害压 多层 不动管柱 现场应用
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多层段压裂技术在长井段致密凝析气藏的应用
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作者 谢勇军 杨玲杰 +2 位作者 陶金山 湛玉玲 张惠 《石油工业技术监督》 2014年第3期49-51,共3页
东濮凹陷深层致密凝析气藏分布广,应用常规压裂技术动用难度大、开发效果差,多层段压裂是动用该类储层的核心技术。为推动致密油凝析气藏开发,研究优化设计、储层保护技术,引进多段压裂完井体系。应用该体系在长井段水平井分段压裂获得... 东濮凹陷深层致密凝析气藏分布广,应用常规压裂技术动用难度大、开发效果差,多层段压裂是动用该类储层的核心技术。为推动致密油凝析气藏开发,研究优化设计、储层保护技术,引进多段压裂完井体系。应用该体系在长井段水平井分段压裂获得成功,并拓展应用于直井,改变了逐层压裂的开发模式,实现了深层致密凝析气藏的有效动用。 展开更多
关键词 致密凝析气藏 多层段压技术 设计
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多层段水力压裂压后统一返排模型 被引量:3
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作者 陈昱辛 曲占庆 +3 位作者 丁云宏 郭天魁 白羽 王继伟 《断块油气田》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第4期484-488,共5页
压裂液返排是水力压裂施工的重要工序,是影响压后效果的因素之一,但目前压后返排模型大多考虑单层段压裂压后返排情形,未对现场更为常见的多层段压裂统一返排情形给出具体的计算方法。为此,建立了单层段压裂裂缝自然闭合与强制闭合2种... 压裂液返排是水力压裂施工的重要工序,是影响压后效果的因素之一,但目前压后返排模型大多考虑单层段压裂压后返排情形,未对现场更为常见的多层段压裂统一返排情形给出具体的计算方法。为此,建立了单层段压裂裂缝自然闭合与强制闭合2种模式下的返排模型,并研究了多层段统一返排情形的具体计算方法,进而建立了多层段压后统一返排模型。该模型可对统一返排过程中井口压力、返排流量等参数进行计算,并据此编制了计算程序。现场实例计算表明,该模型具有较好的计算精度,可准确预测多层段统一返排过程中各项参数的变化,为现场制定返排工作制度提供了理论依据,有利于返排施工的科学化。 展开更多
关键词 水力压 多层段压 统一返排 数学模型 工作制度
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浅谈滑套式封隔器分段压裂工艺在南翼山油田的应用
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作者 高燕 《青海石油》 2014年第4期86-91,共6页
近几年青海油田加大了油水井的措施改造力度,使得多层段压裂工艺技术在油田得到应用和推广。为攻克压裂规模应用的瓶颈,突破储层改造技术难题,结合青海油田目前多层段施工情况以及后续多层段压裂任务。本文着重对滑套式封隔器多层段压... 近几年青海油田加大了油水井的措施改造力度,使得多层段压裂工艺技术在油田得到应用和推广。为攻克压裂规模应用的瓶颈,突破储层改造技术难题,结合青海油田目前多层段施工情况以及后续多层段压裂任务。本文着重对滑套式封隔器多层段压裂工艺在南翼山油田的应用情况进行分析,以便更好完成多层段压裂施工。 展开更多
关键词 滑套式封隔器 多层段压 工艺技术
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增塑型超韧尼龙11的力学性能和增塑机理 被引量:7
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作者 李齐方 金日光 +1 位作者 冯威 陈松 《材料研究学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2000年第3期265-270,共6页
增塑后尼龙11的冲击强度及断裂伸长率大幅提高,但断裂强度并未大幅降低,尼龙11的增塑机理是,增塑剂破坏了尼龙11的分子间氢键作用.研究发明,增塑型超动尼龙11的断裂面具有独特的形态,这是一种首次发现的新型断裂现象,本文首次将上... 增塑后尼龙11的冲击强度及断裂伸长率大幅提高,但断裂强度并未大幅降低,尼龙11的增塑机理是,增塑剂破坏了尼龙11的分子间氢键作用.研究发明,增塑型超动尼龙11的断裂面具有独特的形态,这是一种首次发现的新型断裂现象,本文首次将上述现象归结为“多重裂延”机理. 展开更多
关键词 尼龙11 增塑 超韧 力学性能 多层裂 机理
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超高压裂缝型气藏分层压裂技术及应用 被引量:8
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作者 邹国庆 车明光 +1 位作者 季晓红 吴英明 《天然气地球科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第2期365-369,共5页
塔里木油田A气藏埋藏深、压力高、应力大、天然裂缝发育、储层厚度大,是典型的超高压裂缝型气藏。储层笼统压裂效果差,采用分层压裂改造技术,取得较好的效果。针对超高压深井裂缝型气藏分层压裂难度大的特点,优选完井封隔器+压裂封隔器... 塔里木油田A气藏埋藏深、压力高、应力大、天然裂缝发育、储层厚度大,是典型的超高压裂缝型气藏。储层笼统压裂效果差,采用分层压裂改造技术,取得较好的效果。针对超高压深井裂缝型气藏分层压裂难度大的特点,优选完井封隔器+压裂封隔器+滑套作为分层压裂工具;采用测井地应力解释和优化射孔模拟方法,进行分层优化;密度为1.32g/cm3的加重压裂液体系能降低井口施工压力;使用高压施工设备,能满足地面高施工压力的要求。针对超高压深井裂缝型气藏分层改造技术的研究和认识,对类似气藏改造有借鉴和推广作用。 展开更多
关键词 超高压 缝型气藏 多层
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The application study on the multi-scales integrated prediction method to fractured reservoir description 被引量:17
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作者 陈双全 曾联波 +3 位作者 黄平 孙绍寒 张琬璐 李向阳 《Applied Geophysics》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第1期80-92,219,共14页
In this paper,we implement three scales of fracture integrated prediction study by classifying it to macro-( 1/4/λ),meso-( 1/100λ and 1/4λ) and micro-( 1/100λ) scales.Based on the multi-scales rock physics ... In this paper,we implement three scales of fracture integrated prediction study by classifying it to macro-( 1/4/λ),meso-( 1/100λ and 1/4λ) and micro-( 1/100λ) scales.Based on the multi-scales rock physics modelling technique,the seismic azimuthal anisotropy characteristic is analyzed for distinguishing the fractures of meso-scale.Furthermore,by integrating geological core fracture description,image well-logging fracture interpretation,seismic attributes macro-scale fracture prediction and core slice micro-scale fracture characterization,an comprehensive multi-scale fracture prediction methodology and technique workflow are proposed by using geology,well-logging and seismic multi-attributes.Firstly,utilizing the geology core slice observation(Fractures description) and image well-logging data interpretation results,the main governing factors of fracture development are obtained,and then the control factors of the development of regional macro-scale fractures are carried out via modelling of the tectonic stress field.For the meso-scale fracture description,the poststack geometric attributes are used to describe the macro-scale fracture as well,the prestack attenuation seismic attribute is used to predict the meso-scale fracture.Finally,by combining lithological statistic inversion with superposed results of faults,the relationship of the meso-scale fractures,lithology and faults can be reasonably interpreted and the cause of meso-scale fractures can be verified.The micro-scale fracture description is mainly implemented by using the electron microscope scanning of cores.Therefore,the development of fractures in reservoirs is assessed by valuating three classes of fracture prediction results.An integrated fracture prediction application to a real field in Sichuan basin,where limestone reservoir fractures developed,is implemented.The application results in the study area indicates that the proposed multi-scales integrated fracture prediction method and the technique procedureare able to deal with the strong heterogeneity and multi-scales problems in fracture prediction.Moreover,the multi-scale fracture prediction technique integrated with geology,well-logging and seismic multi-information can help improve the reservoir characterization and sweet-spots prediction for the fractured hydrocarbon reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-scales Fracture prediction HETEROGENEITY Reservoir characterization Sweet-spots prediction
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Model test of the overburden deformation and failure law in close distance multi-seam mining 被引量:4
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作者 杨伟峰 隋旺华 夏筱红 《Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China)》 2008年第2期181-185,共5页
Based on characteristic of the associated mining of multi-coal seam and the engineering geological characteristics of overburden,the mining impact pattern of multi- seam mining and the dynamic fracture mechanism of ov... Based on characteristic of the associated mining of multi-coal seam and the engineering geological characteristics of overburden,the mining impact pattern of multi- seam mining and the dynamic fracture mechanism of overburden were characterized by applying the engineering geological mechanical model test.The related strata movement parameters and influence area of multi-seam mining were obtained,the strike boundary angle is 61°,the full extraction coefficient is 0.93,the greatest subsidence angle is 81°,the horizontal movement factor is 0.38,the deviation of inflection point/mining deep is 0.11. The development height of caving zone and water flowing fractured zone of multi-seam mining were calculated,is 32 m and 81.5 m separatly.The assess of influence degree of coal layer safety mining is that,there exists the possibility of water and sand inflow when mining,some messures for mine water prevention and control should be used,and the mining thickness should be local strictly limit. 展开更多
关键词 multi-seam mining overburden failure safety mining engineering geological mechanical model
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Multilayer aluminum composites prepared by rolling of pure and anodized aluminum foils 被引量:2
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作者 Milan T.JOVANOVI? Nenad ILI? +2 位作者 Ivana CVIJOVI?-ALAGI? Vesna MAKSIMOVI? Slavica ZEC 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第9期1907-1919,共13页
Experimental results on processing,structural and mechanical characterization of a multilayer composite based on commercially pure aluminum foils were presented.A multilayer composite was produced by hot-rolling of an... Experimental results on processing,structural and mechanical characterization of a multilayer composite based on commercially pure aluminum foils were presented.A multilayer composite was produced by hot-rolling of anodized and non-anodized aluminum foils alternately sandwiched.In addition,the same process was applied for bonding of non-anodized foils.In both cases,obtained multilayer composites were compact and sound.In order to study composites microstructural evolution and mechanical properties,optical and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,hardness,tensile and three-point flexural tests were performed.Microstructural characterization confirmed that the rod-like particles distributed in parallel rows in the composite aluminum matrix with anodized foils correspond to Al2O3.Maximum and minimum peaks of oxygen and aluminum,respectively,suggest that after the final hot-rolling of composite with non-anodized foils,a small amount of coarser particles were formed at boundaries between foils.Hardness,strength,modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of both multilayer composites were much higher than those of pure aluminum,whereas ductility was significantly less.The composite with anodized foils exhibited the highest strength and modulus of elasticity,but lower ductility compared to composite processed from non-anodized foils.Fracture failure corresponded to the change of ductility. 展开更多
关键词 aluminum foils anodization multilayer composite Al2O3 particles strength FRACTURE
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Experimental research on overlying strata movement and fracture evolution in pillarless stress-relief mining 被引量:22
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作者 Junhua Xue Hanpeng Wang +3 位作者 Wei Zhou Bo Ren Changrui Duan Dongsheng Deng 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI 2015年第1期38-45,共8页
In multiple seams mining, the seam with relatively low gas content (protective seam) is often extracted prior to mining its overlying and/or underlying seams of high gas content and low permeability to minimize the ... In multiple seams mining, the seam with relatively low gas content (protective seam) is often extracted prior to mining its overlying and/or underlying seams of high gas content and low permeability to minimize the risk of high gas emission and outbursts of coal and gas. A key to success with this mining sequence is to gain a detailed understanding of the movement and fracture evolution of the overlying and underlying strata after the protective seam in extracted. In Zhuji mine, the No. 11-2 seam is extracted as a protective seam with the pillarless mining method by retaining goal-side roadways prior to its overlying No. 13-1 seam. An investigation has been undertaken in the panel 1111 (1) of Zhuji mine to physically simulate the movement and fracture evolution of the overlying strata alter the No. 1 I-2 seam is extracted. In the physical simulation, the displacement, strain, and deformation and failure process of the model for simulation were acquired with various means such as grating displacement meter, strain gauges, and digital photography. The simulation result shows that: (1) Initial caving interval of the immediate roof was 21.6 m, the first weighting interval was 23.5-37.3 m with the average interval of 33.5 m, and the periodic weighting interval of the main roof was in a range of 8.2-20.55 m and averaged at 15.2 m. (2) The maximum height of the caving zone after the extraction of No. 11-2 seam was 8.0 m, which was 4 times of the seam mining height and the internal strata of the caving zone collapsed irregularly. The mining-induced fractures developed 8-30 m above the mined No. 11-2 seam, which was 7.525 times of the seam mining height, the fracture zone was about 65° upward from the seam open-off cut toward the goaf, the height of longitudinal joint growth was 4-20 times of the mining seam height, and the height of lateral joint growth was 20-25 times of the mining seam height. (3) The "arch-in-arch" mechanical structure of the internal goaf was bounded by an expansion angle of broken strata in the lateral direction of the retained goaf-side roadway. The spatial and temporal evolution regularities of over- burden's displacement field and stress field, dynamic development process and distribution of fracture field were analyzed. Based on the simulation results, it is recommended that several goaf drainage methods, i.e. gas drainage with buried pipes in goaf, surface goaf gas drainage, and cross-measure boreholes, should be implemented to ensure the safe mining of the panel 1111 (1). 展开更多
关键词 Low-permeability coal seam Pillarless stress-relief mining Overburden movement Fracture evolution Physical simulation
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Effect of vertical load difference on cracking behaviors in multistory masonry buildings and numerical simulation 被引量:1
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作者 陈大川 尚守平 张成强 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第6期1014-1021,共8页
To investigate the causes qf cracks in multistory masonry buildings, the effect of vertical load difference on cracking behaviors was investigated experimentally by testing and measuring the displacements at the testi... To investigate the causes qf cracks in multistory masonry buildings, the effect of vertical load difference on cracking behaviors was investigated experimentally by testing and measuring the displacements at the testing points of a large sized real masonry U-shaped model. Additionally, the cracking behaviors in U-shaped model were analyzed with shear stress and numerical simulated with ANSYS software. The experimental results show that the deformation increases with the increase of the vertical load. The vertical load results in different deformation between the bearing wall and non-bearing wall, which leads to cracking on the non-beating wall. The rapid deformation happens at 160 kN and cracks occur firstly at the top section of non-bearing wall near to the bearing wall. New cracks are observed and the previous cracks are enlarged and developed with the increase of vertical load. The maximum crack opening reaches 12 mm, and the non-bearing wall is about to collapse when the vertical load arrives at 380 kN. Theoretical analysis indicates that the shear stress reaches the maximum value at the top section of the non-bearing wall, and thus cracks tend to happen at the top section of the non-bearing wall. Numerical simulation results about the cracking behaviors are in good agreement with experiments results. 展开更多
关键词 vertical load difference CRACKING DEFORMATION multistory masonry building
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Multi-slice computed tomography for diagnosis of combined thoracoabdominal injury 被引量:5
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作者 Jun Liu Weidong Yue Dingyuan Du 《Chinese Journal of Traumatology》 CAS CSCD 2015年第1期27-32,共6页
Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) for combined thoracoabdominal injury. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data and MSCT image... Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) for combined thoracoabdominal injury. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data and MSCT images of 68 patients who sustained a combined thoracoabdominal injury associated with diaphragm rupture, and 18 patients without diaphragm rupture. All the patients were admitted and treated in the Chongqing Emergency Medical Center (a level I trauma center) between July 2005 and February 2014. There were 71 males and 15 females with a mean age of 39.1 years (range 13-88 years). Among the 86 patients, 40 patients suffered a penetrating injury, 46 suffered a blunt injury as a result of road traffic accident in 21 cases, fall from a height in 16, and crushing injury in 9. The MSCT images were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. The results of CT diagnosis were compared with surgical findings and/or follow-up results. Results: Among the 86 cases, diaphragm discontinuity was found in 29 cases, segmental nonrecognition of the diaphragm in 14, diaphragmatic hernia in 21, collar sign in 14, dependent viscera sign in 18, elevated abdominal organs in 21, bowel wall thickening and/or hematoma in 6, and pneumoperitoneum in 8. CT diagnostic accuracy for diaphragm rupture was 88.4% in the right side and 90.7% in the left side. CT diagnostic accuracy for hemopneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, mediastinal hemorrhage, kidney and adrenal gland injuries was 100%, while for liver, spleen and pancreas injuries was 96.5%, 96.5g, 94.2% respectively. Conclusion: To reach an early diagnosis of combined thoracoabdominal injury, surgeons and radiologists should be familiar with all kinds of images which might show signs of diaphragm rupture, such as diaphragm discontinuity, segmental nonrecognition of the diaphragm, dangling diaphragm sign, diaphragm herniation, collar sign, dependent viscera sign, and elevated abdominal organs. 展开更多
关键词 DIAPHRAGM Multidetector computed tomography Thoracoabdominal injuries
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