面向实景三维的“一码多态”数据管理与应用

针对实景三维建设背景下地理实体时空语义表达的复杂性与规范性问题,从多维度分析地理实体表达内涵,设计兼顾地理实体状态、形态、时态的“一码多态”数据模型。结合实景三维数据的多源异构特点,形成以地理实体唯一标识码为纽带的数据存储、管理和更新路径,构建“一码多态”数据应用体系,有效支撑地理实体查询展示、组装共享以及语义关联,能够促进实景三维推动自然资源多领域智慧化升级,为新时期“以地理实体为视角和对象”的新型基础测绘转变提供方法参考。

一种基于空间位置的地理实体空间身份编码方法

基础地理实体空间身份编码是适用于基础地理实体管理和应用的一种标识代码,具有可实现基础地理实体全球专有标识、唯一标识以及信息关联共享等特性。文章结合某地级市地理实体采集制作提出了由位置码、类别代码、时间码和顺序码四部分构成,为29位字母数字混合编码的地理实体空间身份编码,并在一个实体多图元情况下进行编码部件级扩编,从而在地理实体采集构建中满足“一码多态”和按需组装的要求。

利用FME构建不动产地理实体数据

针对目前三维不动产管理中缺乏有效空间数据支撑的问题,提出了一种基于FME与“多测合一”测绘成果的不动产地理实体数据自动构建方法。采用FME数据处理技术对不动产测绘、楼盘表和多源地理信息数据进行数据融合和转换,创建具有实体化、三维化、语义化特征的分层分户地理实体空间数据。实验结果表明,该方法执行效率高、构建的实体数据产品具有“一码多态”特征和较高的实用价值,可为不动产三维确权登记等管理工作提供技术和数据支持。

MAXScript在构建部件级实景三维中的应用研究

针对当前以道路全息地图为代表的部件级实景三维产品如何实现快速构建,数据如何具有三维化、实体化、语义化特征等问题,将MAXScript脚本语言运用到部件级实景三维数据建设中,实现海量部件级三维模型的自动带参建模,以及地理实体对象不同形式数据的自动关联,保证了数据产品具有地理实体“一码多态”特征。方法经实践证实,可提高成都市道路部件级实景三维产品的建设效率和产品应用价值。

多编码棒三态码电感控制棒位置指示系统

提出了一种结构简单、工作可靠、测量精度高的控制棒位置指示系统——多编码棒三态码电感控制棒位置指示系统。该系统探测器由K个测量线圈、一个补偿线圈和K根编码棒组成,每根编码棒均由若干段强导磁材料、若干段弱导磁材料与数段非导磁材料按规律间隔分布构成。当K根编码棒随控制棒在K个测量线圈中央轴向运动时,导致线圈的感抗发生变化,线圈输入的交变恒流信号在测量线圈上产生随感抗发生变化的电压信号。对信号进行适当的处理,可获得表征棒位的三态码。详细地介绍了该系统探测器的编码原理与硬件结构。结论表明:它比现役压水堆使用的线圈编码棒位指示系统性能优越,完全满足供热堆的棒位测量要求。

实景三维广州应用服务平台设计与功能实现

以实景三维广州应用服务平台为例,本文详细介绍了平台的功能模块、实施特色以及关键技术等;与传统三维地理信息系统或平台相比,实景三维广州应用服务平台在地理实体的一码多态管理、关联分析、语义建立以及实景三维数据的按需组装、基于知识图谱的实体关系分析等方面具有显著特色。

基础地理实体数据衔接处理关键技术研究

当前,国家和地方基础地理实体数据生产已进入全面实施阶段,为实现“只测一次,多级复用”的目的,解决国家和地方基础地理实体数据有机衔接统一的技术难点,本文对国、省、市基础地理实体的衔接处理技术方案进行了探索,对衔接处理过程中如何进行实体同一性判断、如何进行同一实体衔接处理等关键技术进行了深入的研究和试验,经过研究分析,率先形成了国、省、市基础地理实体数据衔接处理技术方案。

突破防护措施的shellcode技术研究

缓冲区溢出漏洞是软件系统中存在的最普遍的安全漏洞之一。各种防护措施大大增加了缓冲区溢出攻击利用的难度,但是它们没有从根本上解决问题,攻击者利用各种手段仍可使攻击成功。从攻击者的角度出发,总结了近年来缓冲区溢出漏洞攻击利用技术发展的情况,主要对溢出后突破防护措施的shellcode技术进行了详细介绍和分析。

p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

AIM:To evaluate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer risk by means of meta-analysis. METHODS:Two investigators independently searched the Medline,Embase and Chinese Biomedicine databases.Summary odds ratios and 95%CI for p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer were calculated in fixedeffects model(Mantel-Haenszel method)and randomeffects model(DerSimonian and Laird method)when appropriate. RESULTS:This meta-analysis included 1115 liver cancer cases and 1778 controls.The combined results based on all studies showed that there was a statistically significant link between Pro/Pro genotype and liver cancer,but not between Arg/Arg or Pro/Arg genotype and liver cancer.When stratifying for race,similar results were obtained,i.e.patients with liver cancer had a significantly higher frequency of Pro/Pro genotype than non-cancer patients among Asians.After stratifying thevarious studies by control source,gender,family history of liver cancer and chronic hepatitis virus infection,we found that(1)patients among hospital-based studies had a significantly higher frequency of Pro/Pro and a significantly lower frequency of Arg/Arg genotype than individuals without cancer;(2)female patients with liver cancer had a significantly lower frequency of Arg/Arg and a higher frequency of Pro/Arg+Pro/Pro genotypes than female individuals without cancer;(3)subgroup analyses for family history of liver cancer did not reveal any significant association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and liver cancer development;and(4) patients with negative hepatitis virus infection had a significantly higher frequency of Pro/Pro and a significantly lower frequency of Arg/Arg genotype than individuals without cancer. CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis suggests that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism may be associated with liver cancer among Asians.

Phase I/II enzyme gene polymorphisms and esophageal cancer risk: A meta-analysis of the literature

AIM:Phase I/II enzymes metabolize environmental carcinogens and several functional polymorphisms have been reported in their encoding genes. Although their significance with regard to esophageal carcinogenicity has been examined epidemiologically, it remains controversial. The present systematic review of the literature was performed to clarify associations. METHODS: Eligible studies were case-control or cohort studies published until September 2004 that were written in any language. From PubMed and a manual review of reference lists in relevant review articles, we obtained 16 studies related to the CYP1A1 Ile-Val substitution in exon 7, CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms, CYP2E1 Rsal polymorphisms, GSTM1 null type, GSTT1 null type and GSTP1 Ilel04Val. All were of case-control design. Summary statistics were odds ratios (ORs) comparing heterozygous-, homozygous-non-wild type or these two in combination with the homozygous wild type, or the null type with the non-null type for GSTM1 and GSTT1, A random effect model was used to estimate the summary ORs. A meta-regression analysis was applied to explore sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: Individuals with the Ile-Val substitution in CYP1A1 exon 7 had increased esophageal cancer risk, with ORs (95%CI) compared with lie/lie of 1.37 (1.09-1.71), 2.52 (1.62-3.91) and 1.44 (1.17-1.78) for Ile-Val, Val/Val genotype and the combined group. No significant association was found between esophageal cancer risk and the other genetic parameters. CONCLUSION: A significant association exists between the CYP1A1 Ile-Val polymorphism and risk of esophageal cancer. Polymorphisms that increase the internal exposure to activated carcinogens may increase the risk of esophageal cancer.

Evaluation of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum in La Plata, Argentina

AIM： To evaluate the potential association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma development, and human papillornavirus （HPV） infection. METHODS： One-hundred and nine controls and 53 patients with colon cancer from the city of La Plata, Argentina were analyzed, p53 codon 72 genotypes and HPV infection were identified using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS： The differences in the distribution ofp53 codon 72 polymorphisrn between the cases and controls were statistically significant. The arginine allele had a prevalence of 0.65 in controls and 0.77 in cases. The corresponding odds ratio for the homozygous arginine genotype was 2.08 （95% CI, 1.06-4.05; P〈0.05）. Lack of association was found between ,053 polymorphism and HPV infection in the set of adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION： The findings of the present study indicate that p53 codon 72 arginine homozygous genotype may represent a genetic predisposing factor for colon cancer development. However, further studies are needed in order to elucidate the role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in colorectal cancer.

A Synonymous Polymorphism of APCDD1 Affects Translation Efficacy and is Associated with Androgenic Alopecia

The APCDDI （adenomatosis polyposis coli down-regulated 1） gene is an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, and a rare mutation of this gene has been associated with hereditary hypotrichosis simplex. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate whether common APCDD1 gene polymorphisms contribute to the development of androgenic alopecia. Patients （n = 210） with androgenic alopecia and 98 controls were investigated. SNPs （Single nucleotide polymorphisms） in the coding region of the gene were sequenced. A significant difference in genotype distribution was found for the c. 1781C/T, p.L476L SNP （rs3185480） of the APCDD1 gene. This SNP is located in exon 5 and is associated with a 3.5- and a 2.8-fold increase in risk for the development of androgenic alopecia for homozygote （CI 0.933-13.125; nominal regression P = 0.063） and heterozygote （CI 1.086-7.217; nominal regression P = 0.033） carriers, respectively. These data suggest that the rs3185480 polymorphism contributes to the development of androgenic alopecia. Protein expression experiments revealed that the polymorphism is associated with reduced APCDDI protein abundance. This reduction is likely due to altered codon usage for leucine from a preferred codon （CTC） to a rare codon （CTT）, which might influence translation efficiency and, thus, APCDDI protein level.

Lack of correlation between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and anal cancer risk

AIM:To investigate the potential role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism as a risk factor for development of anal cancer. METHODS:Thirty-two patients with invasive anal carcinoma and 103 healthy blood donors were included in the study.p53 codon 72 polymorphism was analyzed in blood samples through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing. RESULTS:The relative frequency of each allele was 0.60 for Arg and 0.40 for Pro in patients with anal cancer, and 0.61 for Arg and 0.39 for Pro in normal controls. No significant differences in distribution of the codon 72 genotypes between patients and controls were found. CONCLUSION:These results do not support a role for the p53 codon 72 polymorphism in anal carcinogenesis.

-449 C>G polymorphism of NFKB1 gene,coding nuclear factor-kappa-B,is associated with the susceptibility to ulcerative colitis

AIM:To clarify the association between a polymorphism-449 C>G(rs72696119) in 5'-UTR of NFKB1 with ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:The studied population comprised 639 subjects,including patients with UC(UC cases,n = 174) and subjects without UC(controls,n = 465).We employed polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism to detect the gene polymorphism.RESULTS:The rs72696119 G allele frequencies in controls and UC cases were 33.4% and 38.5%,respectively(P = 0.10).Genotype frequency of the GG homozygote in UC cases was significantly higher than that in controls(P = 0.017),and the GG homozygote was significantly associated with susceptibility to UC [odds ratio(OR),1.88;95%CI,1.13-3.14].In male subjects,the GG homozygote was associated with an increased risk for UC(OR,3.10;95%CI,1.47-6.54;P = 0.0053),whereas this association was not found in female subjects.In addition,the GG homozygote was significantly associated with the risk of non-continuous disease(OR,2.06;95%CI,1.12-3.79;P = 0.029),not having total colitis(OR,2.40;95%CI,1.09-3.80,P = 0.040),disease which developed before 20 years of age(OR,2.80;95%CI,1.07-7.32,P = 0.041),no hospitalization(OR,2.28;95%CI,1.29-4.05;P = 0.0090) and with a maximum of 8 or less on the UCDAI score(OR,2.45;95%CI,1.23-4.93;P = 0.022).CONCLUSION:Our results provide evidence that NFKB1 polymorphism rs72696119 was significantly associated with the development of UC.This polymorphism influences the susceptibility to and pathophysiological features of UC.

Cryptanalysis of Two Dynamic Identity Based Authentication Schemes for Multi-Server Architecture

Since network services are provided cooperatively by multiple servers in the lnternet, the authentication protocols for multiserver architecture are required by Internetbased services, such as online game, online trade and so on. Recently, Li et al. analyzed Lee et al.＇s protocol and proposed an improved dynamic identity based authentication protocol for multi-server architecture. They claimed that their protocol provides user＇s anonymity, mutual authentication and the session key agreement against several kinds of attacks. In this paper, a cryptanalysis on Lee et al.＇s scheme shows that Lee et al＇s protocol is also vulnerable to malicious server attack, stolen smart card attack and leak-of-verifier attack. Moreover, Li e/ al.＇s improved protocol is also vulnerable to all these attacks. Further cryptanalysis reveals that Li et al.＇s improved protocol is susceptible to collusion attack.

一种地理实体构建及应用方法

针对实景三维中国建设中的地理实体构建工作,结合城市运行“一网统管”建设需求,提出了一种集约化、实用型的地理实体数据构建和应用方法,并在智慧社区治理工作进行了应用探索,成效显著。通过地理实体一码多态和应用服务体系构建,形成了城市级全局唯一的数据时空信息基础设施雏形,为新型基础测绘建设转型升级提供相关技术参考。

海量多源异构基础地理实体数据组织管理研究

针对传统基础测绘成果中海量多源异构数据形态各异、编码不同、割裂存储、无法关联应用的问题,该文设计了一种在时间、空间、语义等方面一体化表达的基础地理实体数据模型,创新“一码多态”的数据组织管理模式,可以满足不同应用场景下基于基础地理实体二维、三维、影像、专题等多维数据的科学组织和快速检索,实现“一库多能、按需组装”。基于国家新型基础测绘建设宁夏试点的实践结果表明:该文提出的基础地理实体数据组织管理模式,可以应用于新型基础测绘与实景三维中国建设中基础地理实体数据的建库、组织。

Studying the genetic basis of speciation in high gene flow marine invertebrates

A growing number of genes responsible for reproductive incompatibilities between species （barrier loci） exhibit the signals of positive selection. However, the possibility that genes experiencing positive selection diverge early in speciation and commonly cause reproductive incompatibilities has not been systematically investigated on a genome-wide scale. Here, I outline a research program for studying the genetic basis of speciation in broadcast spawning marine invertebrates that uses a priori genome-wide information on a large, unbiased sample of genes tested for positive selection. A targeted sequence capture approach is proposed that scores single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in widely separated species populations at an early stage of allopatric divergence. The targeted capture of both coding and non-coding sequences enables SNPs to be characterized at known locations across the genome and at genes with known selective or neutral histories. The neutral coding and non-coding SNPs provide robust background distributions for identifying Fsm-outliers within genes that can, in principle, identify specific mutations experiencing diversifying selection. If natural hybridization occurs between species, the neutral coding and noncoding SNPs can provide a neutral admixture model for genomic clines analyses aimed at finding genes exhibiting strong blocks to introgression. Strongylocentrotid sea urchins are used as a model system to outline the approach but it can be used for any group that has a complete reference genome available.

A Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme Using Orbital Angular Momentum onto Multiple Spin States Based on Fibonacci Compression Encoding

Since the use of a quantum channel is very expensive for transmitting large messages, it is vital to develop an effective quantum compression encoding scheme that is easy to implement. Given that, with the single-photon spin-orbit entanglement, we propose a quantum secret sharing scheme using orbital angular momentum onto multiple spin states based on Fibonacci compression encoding. In our proposed scheme, we can represent the frequency of any secret message which is typically collection of bits encodings of text or integers as a bitstring using the base Fibonacci sequence, which is encoded multiple spin states for secret shares transmitted to participants. We demonstrate that Fibonacci compression encoding carries excellent properties that enable us to achieve more robust quantum secret sharing schemes with fewer number of photons.