Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasiv...Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.展开更多
The current highly competitive environment has driven industries to operate with increasingly restricted profit margins. Thus, it is imperative to optimize production processes. Faced with this scenario, multivariable...The current highly competitive environment has driven industries to operate with increasingly restricted profit margins. Thus, it is imperative to optimize production processes. Faced with this scenario, multivariable predictive control of processes has been presented as a powerful alternative to achieve these goals. Moreover, the rationale for implementation of advanced control and subsequent analysis of its post-match performance also focus on the benefits that this tool brings to the plant. It is therefore essential to establish a methodology for analysis, based on clear and measurable criteria. Currently, there are different methodologies available in the market to assist with such analysis. These tools can have a quantitative or qualitative focus. The aim of this study is to evaluate three of the best current main performance assessment technologies： Minimum Variance Control-Harris Index; Statistical Process Control （Cp and Cpk）; and the Qin and Yu Index. These indexes were studied for an alumina plant controlled by three MPC （model predictive control） algorithms （GPC （generalized predictive control）, RMPCT （robust multivariable predictive control technology） and ESSMPC （extended state space model predictive controller）） with different results.展开更多
We propose a decision method -double scale method to derive the priority vector of finite alternatives with respect to a single criterion based on competition model. Compared with the attribute hierarchical model, the...We propose a decision method -double scale method to derive the priority vector of finite alternatives with respect to a single criterion based on competition model. Compared with the attribute hierarchical model, the double scale method is reasonable and practical.展开更多
基金supported by Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Imaging Technology Development Program(IUPUI ITDP)National Institutes of Health(NIH)grant R21 NS075791,and R01 AG053993
文摘Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.
文摘The current highly competitive environment has driven industries to operate with increasingly restricted profit margins. Thus, it is imperative to optimize production processes. Faced with this scenario, multivariable predictive control of processes has been presented as a powerful alternative to achieve these goals. Moreover, the rationale for implementation of advanced control and subsequent analysis of its post-match performance also focus on the benefits that this tool brings to the plant. It is therefore essential to establish a methodology for analysis, based on clear and measurable criteria. Currently, there are different methodologies available in the market to assist with such analysis. These tools can have a quantitative or qualitative focus. The aim of this study is to evaluate three of the best current main performance assessment technologies： Minimum Variance Control-Harris Index; Statistical Process Control （Cp and Cpk）; and the Qin and Yu Index. These indexes were studied for an alumina plant controlled by three MPC （model predictive control） algorithms （GPC （generalized predictive control）, RMPCT （robust multivariable predictive control technology） and ESSMPC （extended state space model predictive controller）） with different results.
基金This research is supported by National Natural Science foundation of China（10671108） and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province（Y2005A04）
文摘We propose a decision method -double scale method to derive the priority vector of finite alternatives with respect to a single criterion based on competition model. Compared with the attribute hierarchical model, the double scale method is reasonable and practical.
