The present study forms a part of biological control against the medfly （Ceratitis capitata） and seeks to isolate and determine the diversity of the medfly-associated entomopathogenic fungi in soil samples collected...The present study forms a part of biological control against the medfly （Ceratitis capitata） and seeks to isolate and determine the diversity of the medfly-associated entomopathogenic fungi in soil samples collected from Argane （Argania spinosa） forest, in different localities of Souss-Massa region. Search and isolation of the indigenous populations of Ceratitis capitata entomopathogenic fungi was carried out by using larvae of this pest as baits. After trapping, isolation and identification of fungal isolates, a pathogenicity test was used to select fungal strains that have significant virulence potential against the Mediterranean fruit fly. The degree of virulence was estimated by the ability of the fungus to induce the disease and/or the death in the insect and also by calculating the lethal time 50 （LT50）. The obtained results were clearly demonstrated the sensitivity of medfly to tested fungal strains and particularly to strains of Fusarium sp., Aspergillus niger and Scopulariopsis sp. that have shown high mortality rates （more than 84%） and to Trichoderma harzianum, Scedosporium sp., Epicoeeum sp. and Ulocladium sp. with more than 70% mortality for the two tested concentrations. Furthermore these strains showed short LT50 （less than 83 hours）. All these results confirm the presence of entomopathogenic fungi of Ceratitis capitata in Argane soil, and prove the potential of entomopathogenic fungi for biocontrol of the Mediterranean fruit fly under laboratory conditions.展开更多
Deforestation is one of the most crucial problems in Indonesia. It creates a number of environmental problems, e.g., landslides, loss of biological diversity, and decrease of carbon sequestration which are impacting h...Deforestation is one of the most crucial problems in Indonesia. It creates a number of environmental problems, e.g., landslides, loss of biological diversity, and decrease of carbon sequestration which are impacting human lives, There are a number of underlying causes, often stemmed from the emphasis on a particular forest management objective. Despite numerous forest policies and regulations established by the government, deforestation continues to happen. Quite often, the policies and regulations remain ＂paper tiger＂, which means ineffectual on the ground. One of the contributing factors to deforestation is the lack of custodian for the management of the forests. The regulation, such as law No. 41/1999, stipulates that all state forests must be managed under a FMI3 （forest management unit） as the custodians. The objective of this research is to develop an optimal model for FMU. Using the LGP （linear goal programming）, this research attempts to develop an optimum model for conservation areas. It assumes that the existing zoning approach implemented by the government in conservation areas is inappropriate. The optimum zoning model is expected to improve forest management and restore the forest function as a life supporting system and biological diversity conservation.展开更多
文摘The present study forms a part of biological control against the medfly （Ceratitis capitata） and seeks to isolate and determine the diversity of the medfly-associated entomopathogenic fungi in soil samples collected from Argane （Argania spinosa） forest, in different localities of Souss-Massa region. Search and isolation of the indigenous populations of Ceratitis capitata entomopathogenic fungi was carried out by using larvae of this pest as baits. After trapping, isolation and identification of fungal isolates, a pathogenicity test was used to select fungal strains that have significant virulence potential against the Mediterranean fruit fly. The degree of virulence was estimated by the ability of the fungus to induce the disease and/or the death in the insect and also by calculating the lethal time 50 （LT50）. The obtained results were clearly demonstrated the sensitivity of medfly to tested fungal strains and particularly to strains of Fusarium sp., Aspergillus niger and Scopulariopsis sp. that have shown high mortality rates （more than 84%） and to Trichoderma harzianum, Scedosporium sp., Epicoeeum sp. and Ulocladium sp. with more than 70% mortality for the two tested concentrations. Furthermore these strains showed short LT50 （less than 83 hours）. All these results confirm the presence of entomopathogenic fungi of Ceratitis capitata in Argane soil, and prove the potential of entomopathogenic fungi for biocontrol of the Mediterranean fruit fly under laboratory conditions.
文摘Deforestation is one of the most crucial problems in Indonesia. It creates a number of environmental problems, e.g., landslides, loss of biological diversity, and decrease of carbon sequestration which are impacting human lives, There are a number of underlying causes, often stemmed from the emphasis on a particular forest management objective. Despite numerous forest policies and regulations established by the government, deforestation continues to happen. Quite often, the policies and regulations remain ＂paper tiger＂, which means ineffectual on the ground. One of the contributing factors to deforestation is the lack of custodian for the management of the forests. The regulation, such as law No. 41/1999, stipulates that all state forests must be managed under a FMI3 （forest management unit） as the custodians. The objective of this research is to develop an optimal model for FMU. Using the LGP （linear goal programming）, this research attempts to develop an optimum model for conservation areas. It assumes that the existing zoning approach implemented by the government in conservation areas is inappropriate. The optimum zoning model is expected to improve forest management and restore the forest function as a life supporting system and biological diversity conservation.
