多格位阳离子共掺提升LiScSi_(2)O_(6)∶Cr^(3+)近红外荧光粉的光吸收

采用高温固相法制备Na^(+)、In^(3+)、Ge^(4+)单掺或共掺杂的LiScSi_(2)O_(6)∶Cr^(3+)荧光粉,通过漫反射光谱、光致激发和发射光谱、量子效率测试等手段对其光吸收及光致发光性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,Na^(+)、In^(3+)、Ge^(4+)等离子单独掺杂均可提升LiScSi_(2)O_(6)∶Cr^(3+)荧光粉对460 nm蓝光的吸收,而多格位阳离子共掺可进一步增强光吸收能力,吸收效率可从最初的50.5%提升至60.9%。多格位离子单掺或共掺引起Cr^(3+)占据八面体结构畸变程度增加,从而导致光吸收增强。优化荧光体系LiSc_(0.4)In_(0.6)Si_(1.6)Ge_(0.4)O_(6)∶Cr^(3+)的近红外发射峰波长为860 nm,半高宽为160 nm,内、外量子效率分别为72.5%和41.8%,封装制成的荧光转换型LED器件在100 mA驱动电流下近红外光输出功率为63.1 mW,近红外电光转换效率为22.3%,表现出较好的近红外发光综合性能。本研究工作为增强Cr^(3+)激活近红外荧光粉的光吸收提供了一种有效手段。

近红外二区长波发射Na_(3)YSi_(3)O_(9):x Cr^(3+)硅酸盐及多格位占据光谱展宽

以Cr^(3+)为激活剂的荧光粉被认为是目前最有可能实现商业化的近红外材料.但目前这类荧光粉的发射波长一般位于小于850 nm的近红外一区,以Cr^(3+)为激活剂实现近红外二区发射仍然具有挑战.本文采用普适的固相法制备了一系列Na_(3)Y_(1–x)Si_(3)O_(9):x Cr^(3+)硅酸盐荧光粉,利用Na_(3)YSi_(3)O_(9)硅酸盐属性及结构中多种适于Cr^(3+)占据的八面体位点有效红移并展宽光谱.对样品的物相、晶体结构、微观形貌、光致发光、主发射峰衰减和热稳定性等进行了系统研究.结果显示,所制样品均为纯相,形貌不均匀略有团聚,尺寸在微米量级.Cr^(3+)在Na_(3)YSi_(3)O_(9)晶格中位于弱晶体场环境,八面体晶体场参数Dq和Racah参数B的比值Dq/B=2.29.在485 nm蓝光激发下Na3Y_(1–x)Si_(3)O_(9):x Cr^(3+)荧光粉最强发射峰位于984 nm处(NIR II区),长于大多数Cr^(3+)激活的荧光粉.且得益于Cr^(3+)在晶格中的多格位占据,发射光谱的半峰宽高达183 nm.Na3Y_(1–x)Si_(3)O_(9):x Cr^(3+)中最佳掺杂浓度为3%,猝灭机理为Cr^(3+)离子间的偶极-偶极作用.Na3Y_(1–x)Si_(3)O_(9):x Cr^(3+)主发射峰荧光衰减动力学分析表明室温荧光寿命约为37.95μs,且随着掺杂浓度增大及温度升高(至423 K)逐渐降低.

Multi-phase signal setting and capacity of signalized intersection

A capacity model of multi-phase signalized intersections is derived by a stopping-line method. It is simplified with two normal situations： one situation involves one straight lane and one left-turn lane; the other situation involves two straight lanes and one left-turn lane. The results show that the capacity is mainly relative to signal cycle length, phase length, intersection layout and following time. With regard to the vehicles arrival rates, the optimal model is derived based on each phase＇s remaining time balance, and it is solved by Lagrange multipliers. Therefore, the calculation models of the optimal signal cycle length and phase lengths are derived and simplified. Compared to the existing models, the proposed model is more convenient and practical. Finally, a practical intersection is chosen and its signal cycles and phase lengths are calculated by the proposed model.

Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7):Eu^(2+)荧光粉的合成和发光性质探究

选择具有多个阳离子格位的β-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)型Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7)磷酸盐作为基质,用Eu^(2+)取代基质中的阳离子作为发光中心,通过高温固相法合成一系列Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7):Eu^(2+)荧光粉,利用X射线粉末衍射、荧光光谱等测试方法对合成样品的结构和发光性质进行了表征和分析。结果表明:通过调整合成条件,获得了Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7):Eu^(2+)荧光粉的最佳合成条件;Eu^(2+)离子在Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7)基质会占据4个阳离子格位;通过改变Eu^(2+)离子的掺杂浓度可以改变Ca_(10)Na(PO_(4))_(7):Eu^(2+)荧光粉的发射,进而达到Eu_(2+)离子在单一基质中发光可调的目的。

Multi-type sensor placement and response reconstruction for structural health monitoring of long-span suspension bridges

This study is devoted to the experimental validation of the multi-type sensor placement and response reconstruction method for structural health monitoring of long-span suspension bridges. The method for multi-type sensor placement and response reconstruction is briefly described. A test bed, comprising of a physical model and an updated finite element （P-E） model of a long-span suspension bridge is also concisely introduced. The proposed method is then applied to the test bed; the equation of motion of the test bed subject to ground motion, the objective function for sensor location optimization, the principles for mode selection and multi-type response reconstruction are established. A numerical study using the updated FE model is performed to select the sensor types, numbers, and locations. Subsequently, with the identified sensor locations and some practical considerations, fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensors, laser displacement transducers, and accelerometers are installed on the physical bridge model. Finally, experimental investigations are conducted to validate the proposed method. The experimental results show that the reconstructed responses using the measured responses from the limited number of multitype sensors agree well with the actual bridge responses. The proposed method is validated to be feasible and effective for the monitoring of structural behavior of longspan suspension bridges.