AIM:To determine whether Saiko-keishi-to(TJ-10),a Japanese herbal medicine,could protect liver injury induced by gut ischemia/reperfusion(I/R),and to investigate the role of NO. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were exposed t...AIM:To determine whether Saiko-keishi-to(TJ-10),a Japanese herbal medicine,could protect liver injury induced by gut ischemia/reperfusion(I/R),and to investigate the role of NO. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were exposed to 30-min gut isohemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion.Intravital microscopy was used to monitor leukocyte recruitment.Plasma tumor necrosis factor(TNF)levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)activities were measured.TJ-10 1 g/(kg.d)was intragastrically administered to rats for 7 d.A NO synthase inhibitor was administered. RESULTS:In control rats,gut I/R elicited increases in the number of stationary leukocytes,and plasma TNF levels and ALT activities were mitigated by pretreatment with TJ-10.Pretreatment with the NO synthase inhibitor diminished the protective effects of TJ-10 on leukostasis in the liver,and the increase of plasma TNF levels and ALT activities.Pretreatment with TJ-10 increased plasma nitrite/nitrate levels. CONCLUSION:TJ-10 attenuates the gut I/R-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction and sequential hepatocellular injury via enhancement of NO production.展开更多
China has a large potential to reduce CO2 emission in the Asian region. In this study, life cycle analyses of energy supply technologies in China were evaluated for enforcing the clean development mechanism （CDM）. W...China has a large potential to reduce CO2 emission in the Asian region. In this study, life cycle analyses of energy supply technologies in China were evaluated for enforcing the clean development mechanism （CDM）. Wind power, integrated coal gasification combined cycle （IGCC）, natural gas combined cycle （NGCC）, and ultra super critical power plant （USC） were chosen as new power generation technologies. The system function of the developed model was enhanced to extend coverage to new technologies for power generation systems in China. CO2 intensities, energy profit ratios, and CO2 emission reductions are estimated based on the assumption that these power plants were constructed at Shanxi, Xinjiang, and Shanghai. Wind power showed the best results with regard to CO2 intensity and energy profit ratio. However, it also has some disadvantages with regard to the utilization factor and the lifetime. It is considered that wind power will become an important part of CDM activities as the utilization factor and the lifetime improve. An NGCC using a natural gas pipeline was found to be most advantageous in reducing CO2 emission. IGCC and USC were inferior to NGCC with regard to energy profit ratios and CO2 emission reductions.展开更多
In nature,many living organisms exhibit low-angle-dependent or even angle-independent structural colors for wide viewing angle,such as the blue skin of mandrill,feather of blue bird and shell of longhorn beetle,etc.To...In nature,many living organisms exhibit low-angle-dependent or even angle-independent structural colors for wide viewing angle,such as the blue skin of mandrill,feather of blue bird and shell of longhorn beetle,etc.To mimic these structural colors,based on periodic semicircular micro-grooved(PSMG) substrate,silica colloidal photonic crystals provide anisotropic angle-independent structural colors.The PSMG photonic crystals were fabricated by self-assembling monodispersed silica nanoparticles on a micro-grooved template,which can be easily prepared in large scale by a hot embossing method,and no additional materials are needed in the whole preparation process.The PSMG photonic crystals exhibit identical structural colors around the groove axis,whereas it is angle-dependent along the groove axis.In addition,this PSMG surface of photonic crystal also leads to color separation effect and monocolor polarization conversion.This system provides a facile and scalable means to prepare anisotropically angleindependent colloidal photonic crystal,which is considered important in applications in the field of anti-counterfeiting or the manufacture of monochromatic light reflector with wide viewing angles and other novel optical devices.展开更多
文摘AIM:To determine whether Saiko-keishi-to(TJ-10),a Japanese herbal medicine,could protect liver injury induced by gut ischemia/reperfusion(I/R),and to investigate the role of NO. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were exposed to 30-min gut isohemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion.Intravital microscopy was used to monitor leukocyte recruitment.Plasma tumor necrosis factor(TNF)levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)activities were measured.TJ-10 1 g/(kg.d)was intragastrically administered to rats for 7 d.A NO synthase inhibitor was administered. RESULTS:In control rats,gut I/R elicited increases in the number of stationary leukocytes,and plasma TNF levels and ALT activities were mitigated by pretreatment with TJ-10.Pretreatment with the NO synthase inhibitor diminished the protective effects of TJ-10 on leukostasis in the liver,and the increase of plasma TNF levels and ALT activities.Pretreatment with TJ-10 increased plasma nitrite/nitrate levels. CONCLUSION:TJ-10 attenuates the gut I/R-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction and sequential hepatocellular injury via enhancement of NO production.
文摘China has a large potential to reduce CO2 emission in the Asian region. In this study, life cycle analyses of energy supply technologies in China were evaluated for enforcing the clean development mechanism （CDM）. Wind power, integrated coal gasification combined cycle （IGCC）, natural gas combined cycle （NGCC）, and ultra super critical power plant （USC） were chosen as new power generation technologies. The system function of the developed model was enhanced to extend coverage to new technologies for power generation systems in China. CO2 intensities, energy profit ratios, and CO2 emission reductions are estimated based on the assumption that these power plants were constructed at Shanxi, Xinjiang, and Shanghai. Wind power showed the best results with regard to CO2 intensity and energy profit ratio. However, it also has some disadvantages with regard to the utilization factor and the lifetime. It is considered that wind power will become an important part of CDM activities as the utilization factor and the lifetime improve. An NGCC using a natural gas pipeline was found to be most advantageous in reducing CO2 emission. IGCC and USC were inferior to NGCC with regard to energy profit ratios and CO2 emission reductions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0200800, 2013CB834505)he National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1430128,21503244)
文摘In nature,many living organisms exhibit low-angle-dependent or even angle-independent structural colors for wide viewing angle,such as the blue skin of mandrill,feather of blue bird and shell of longhorn beetle,etc.To mimic these structural colors,based on periodic semicircular micro-grooved(PSMG) substrate,silica colloidal photonic crystals provide anisotropic angle-independent structural colors.The PSMG photonic crystals were fabricated by self-assembling monodispersed silica nanoparticles on a micro-grooved template,which can be easily prepared in large scale by a hot embossing method,and no additional materials are needed in the whole preparation process.The PSMG photonic crystals exhibit identical structural colors around the groove axis,whereas it is angle-dependent along the groove axis.In addition,this PSMG surface of photonic crystal also leads to color separation effect and monocolor polarization conversion.This system provides a facile and scalable means to prepare anisotropically angleindependent colloidal photonic crystal,which is considered important in applications in the field of anti-counterfeiting or the manufacture of monochromatic light reflector with wide viewing angles and other novel optical devices.
