工笔画教学的体会与思索

众所皆知中国画是我国的国粹，然而对于那些高考进来大学的莘莘学子们，当初在进行美术专业的考核中，并未涉及中国画的考试，故而很多缺乏中国画的基本功，更对于了解中国画表现形式之一的工笔画也少之甚少。针对此现象，对于工笔画教学的一些体会与思索。

指导学生细读文本之我“见”

文本细读是我们语文教师教学中的一块“硬骨头”．我们所倡导的细读是指阅读中的有效阅读．在教学中如何有效地指导好学生进行阅读是我们教学的重点．本文主要讲了文本细读的特点、如何指导学生走进文本、真正做到细读文本的几点做法．

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing - Multiple Analysis of Skin Surface Temperature Changes

A new researching method on clothing comfort perception is developed.By it the skin surface temperature changes and subjective psychological perception of human body sections stimulated by the same cold stimulation are studied.With the multiple comparison analysis method the changing laws of skin temperature of main human body sections is obtained.

Use of REGWQ Multiple Comparisons of Qualitative Data

The REGWQ （Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch and Quiot） test produces allow us to compare a large numbers of data while controlling the probability of making at least one Type I error or Family wise error. The purpose of this study was to use the REGWQ multiple comparisons test of qualitative data. Okra characterization data was applied and submitted to ANOVA （P_0.05） with REGWQ for multiple comparisons of the means. The results of this study establish a summary strategy of following a significant ANOVA F with REGWQ test on multiple comparisons of means in summation a large entries/treatments to the small groups when variances are heterogeneous. Cluster analysis should be especially useful for grouping qualitative treatment and could also be used in conjunction of with REFWQ multiple produces. The development of study will be in REGWQ multiple producers in SAS option for distributed the large number of treatment to small group with summering the best choice of treatments.

Novel Design of Low-power Multiplex Differential Voltage Comparators

A novel design of multiplex differential voltage comparators(MDVC) is presented for reducing current and power dissipation. According to the special properties of relational operation and logical operation, parts of the comparators are redundant in some instances, and thus can be turned off. By selecting and switching the current routes, several effective differential pairs are biased by a single tail current stage-by-stage and the redundant comparators are turned off by cutting their tail currents. As a result, the quiescent current and power consumption are greatly decreased. The switching of current is achieved by the input differential pair transistors themselves and hence no extra switches are required. When a MDVC is used in a flash analog-to-digital converter(ADC), its current dissipation is much lower than that of the conventional comparators. This architecture can also be used in window-comparators, maximum or minimum comparators, and comparators for logical operations. The power dissipation in all these cases could be reduced significantly.

INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND EVALUATING CORONARY STENTS FOR PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE：COMPARED OLD WITH NEW MULTILINK STENTS

Objective.It was suggested that coronary stent design and coating may affect stent performance and hence induce varying degrees of thrombogenesis and neointimal hyperplasia.T he purpose of this study is to compare the6-month follow-up results between o ld and new Multilink stents with the method of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)imaging.Methods.We have performed old(n =40)and new(n =35)Multilink stent implantations on 75patients with coronary artery disease.Coron ary angiography was performed before,immediately after,and 6months after the in-stent procedure respectively.Six-month follow-up IVUS imaging was performed and analyzed off-line.Results.Minimal lumen cross sectional area(CSA)of new Multilink stents was signific antly larger than that of old Multilink stents(P=0.0053).Mean stent lumen area of new Multili nk stents was significantly larger than that of old Multilink stents(P=0.040).Similarly,minimal lumen diameter(MLD)of new Multilink stents was larger than that of old Mul tilink stents(P=0.011).Old Multilink stents had a higher percentage of plaque area than new Multilink stent s.Conclusion.The new Multilink stent is obviously superior to old Multilink stents,in particular,in the stent MLD and lumen CSA---major determinants of the restenosis.

The effects of evolutionary and environmental variance on estimates of phylogenetic diversity in temperate forest plots

Aims Phylogenetic diversity metrics can discern the relative contributions of ecological and evolutionary processes associated with the assembly of plant communities.However,the magnitude of the potential variation associated with phylogenetic methodologies,and its effect on estimates of phylogenetic diversity,remains poorly understood.Here,we assess how sources of variation associated with estimates of phylogenetic diversity can pote ntially affect our understanding of plant community structure for a series of temperate forest plots in China.Methods In total,20 forest plots,comprising of 274 woody species and 581 herbaceous species,were surveyed and sampled along an elevational gradient of 2800 m on Taibai Mountain,China.We used multi-model inference to search for the most parsimonious relationship between estimates of phylogenetic diversity and each of four predictors(i.e.type of phylogenetic reconstruction method,phylogenetic diversity metric,woody or herbaceous growth form and elevation),and their pairwise interactions.Important Findings There was nosignificant difference in patterns of phylogenetic diversity when using synthesis-based vs.molecular-based phylogenetic methods.Results showed that elevation,the type of phylogenetic diversity metric,growth form and their interactions,accounted for>44% of the variance in our estimates of phylogenetic diversity.In general,phylogenetic diversity decreased with increasing elevation;however,the trend was weaker for herbaceous plants than for woody plants.Moreover,the three phylogenetic diversity metrics showed consistent patterns(i.e.clustered)across the elevational gradient for woody plants.For herbaceous plants,the mean pairwise distanee showed a random distribution over the gradient.These results suggest that a better understanding of temperate forest comunity structure can be obtained when estimates of phylogenetic diversity include methodological and environmental sources of variation.

Genomic insights into the ESBL and MCR-l-producing ST648 Escherichia coli with multi-drug resistance

Polymyxin acts as an ultimate line of refuge against the severe infections by multidrug-resistant Gram- negative pathogens. This conventional idea is challenged dramatically by the recent discovery of mobile colistin resistance gene （mcr-1） is prevalent in food animals and human beings worldwide. More importantly, the mcr-1 gene was found to be co-localized with other antibiotic resistance genes, raising the possibility that super-bugs with pan-drug resistance are emerging. However, little is reported on the genomes of the mcr-l-positive bacterial host reservoirs. Here we report genome sequencing of three human isolates of the mcr-l-positive Escherichia coli （E15004, E15015 and E15017） and define general features through analyses of bacterial comparative genomics. Fur- ther genomic mining together with sequence typing allowed us to elucidate that the MCR-l-carrying E. coli E15017 belongs to the sequence type ST648 and copro- duces extended-spectrum β-1actamase （ESBL）. Given the fact that ST648 has been known to associate New Delhi metallo-β-1actamase 1 or ESBL, with either our results highlighted the possibility of ST648 as an epidemic clone with multidrug resistances.

Necessary and sufficient condition for the comparison theorem of multidimensional anticipated backward stochastic differential equations

Anticipated backward stochastic differential equations, studied the first time in 2007, are equations of the following type:{-dY t = f(t1, Y t1 , Z t1 , Y t+δ(t) , Z t+ζ(t) )dt Z t dB t1 , t ∈ [0, T ], Y t = ξ t1 , t ∈ [T, T + K], Z t = η t1 , t ∈ [T, T + K].In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition under which the comparison theorem holds for multidimensional anticipated backward stochastic differential equations with generators independent of the anticipated term of Z.

A Decision Method Based on Competition Model

We propose a decision method -double scale method to derive the priority vector of finite alternatives with respect to a single criterion based on competition model. Compared with the attribute hierarchical model, the double scale method is reasonable and practical.