固定层间歇制气多污染源一体化环保治理项目总结

常压固定层间歇制气工艺在我国被广泛使用,但近年来随着节能环保工作越来越受到重视,其面临较大的环保问题——大量废渣、废水、废气的无害化处理较困难,尤其是其废水处理难度大、成本高,环保治理势在必行。在河北省东光化工有限责任公司成功实施固定层间歇制气系统环保改造后,2020年9月山西兰花科创田悦化肥有限责任公司与河北正元化工工程设计有限公司、上海境业环保能源科技股份有限公司三方合作实施了山西省首个固定层间歇制气多污染源一体化环保治理项目——4套造气系统各增设1套煤气过滤与净化模组GCM+间接冷却装置。2021年6—8月本环保治理项目投运后,田悦化肥造气界区现场环境得到根本性改善,污染物排放总量、企业环保压力大幅降低,企业市场竞争力明显提升,为田悦化肥在当前严峻的环保形势下求生存、求发展打下了坚实的基础。

多污染源置换通风通风效果与舒适性研究

比较了多污染源置换通风与传统混合通风的特点 ,从通风效率、换气效率和舒适性指标等方面阐述了多污染源置换通风的优点 ,指出多污染源置换通风系统在控制污染物。

炼厂多污染源VOCs废气处理技术与应用

石油加工过程中产生挥发性有机物(VOCs)来源多、组分复杂,集中处理难度大。某炼厂污水处理场、成品装载作业和酸性水汽提产生的VOCs废气通过管道收集输送至废气治理装置集中处理,混合废气中非甲烷总烃(>20000 mg·m^(-3))、硫化氢(>10000 mg·m^(-3))和总硫(>2000 mg·m^(-3))质量浓度高,非甲烷组分复杂(包括低碳烃、芳烃等)。根据混合后废气的特点,废气处理装置采用"低温柴油吸收-碱洗脱硫-脱硫及总烃浓度均化-催化氧化"组合工艺,净化后非甲烷总烃质量浓度小于15 mg·m^(-3),硫化氢质量浓度小于1 mg·m^(-3),实现废气的深度净化,为石油炼厂多源复杂VOCs废气治理提供应用参考。

多污染源随机排污的水质影响分析方法及其应用

针对污水排放特征,将污染源分为连续排放型污染源和间隙排放型污染源。对连续排放型污染源,采用确定性方法定义污染源强;而对于间隙排放型污染源,运用不确定性理论,根据其排放污染源的随机统计特征,对污染源进行随机概化。将不确定性理论应用于多污染源随机排污对环境水体的水质影响分析,给出了基于不确定性理论的水质影响预测方法,建立了二维随机水质数学模型。并将该方法应用于某市水源地水质影响的随机分析,得到了在多污染源随机排放协同影响下水质浓度随机变化的统计特征。

多污染源对工位污染物浓度贡献率的研究

铝电解车间内存在多个电解槽,生产中由于工艺需求更换阳极的过程会产生污染气体,从而形成多污染源同时散发的模式。本文针对该类问题,采用计算流体力学的方法,对多污染源同时作用下工位处污染物浓度的分布情况进行了数值模拟,定义并运用污染源浓度贡献率的概念,分析了多污染源同时散发时,污染源数量和两污染源间距离对工位污染物浓度的影响。针对污染源数量的研究发现,在研究工况下,当污染源数量>4时各污染源在工位处的浓度贡献率均趋于稳定。针对污染源间距离进行研究发现,当工位距D(两污染源之间的轴心距/工位与其相邻污染源中心间的距离)≥8时远处污染源对工位的污染物浓度贡献率降为0%。

多污染源集成式排风罩有害气体控制研究

为了研究控制多污染源污染物散发的有效方法,采用CFD技术模拟分析了集成式排风罩与独立排风罩在相同条件下对多污染源有害气体的控制效果,研究结果表明:集成式排风罩气流流向有利于工人呼吸健康;独立排风罩和集成式排风罩两侧排风罩对有害气体的控制效果均要优于中间排风罩的控制效果,但在呼吸区相同控制点处集成式排风罩对有害气体的控制效果要明显优于独立排风罩。

室内装修多污染源的甲醛浓度的模拟研究

甲醛作为室内装饰装修主要污染物之一,严重危害着室内人员的身心健康。利用Airpak建立室内装修多污染物的传质模型,总结出甲醛在室内的分布规律。选用面积浓度和区域浓度对甲醛在室内浓度分布进行定量分析,并提出降低房间内甲醛污染物的主要防治措施。

饲料加工和输送过程中的药物遗留污染

21世纪人类面临着环境污染加剧,生态环境恶化的严重问题。在众多污染源中,养殖业所造成的环境污染不容忽视,而且有愈演愈烈之势,已到了亟待解决的地步。不科学地在饲料中滥加药物、滥用饲料添加剂的问题,已为有关部门高度重视。但在饲料加工和输送过程中的药物遗留污染问题,还没有引起人们足够的重视。药物遗留污染可能发生于饲料的加工和输送过程中,如牛饲料产品中的莫能菌素,遗留在加工的马饲料中,可能导致马的死亡。 药物的类别、品种、数量和饲料输送系统,决定药物遗留污染的程度。单品种饲料生产厂家遗留污染(交叉污染)风险较小,多品种动物饲料生产厂家,比单品种动物饲料生产厂家,承担的交叉污染风险大。

南方地区某城区污水处理厂提标和扩容工程案例研究

本案例城区污水处理厂现状规模为3.0万m3/d,改扩建后全厂总处理规模6.0万m3/d,其中工业污水处理规模1.0m3/d。本工程综合考虑城区产业规划布局、进水水质特征、排水户用水量、排放标准、应用效果和环境效益,选择处理工艺。对某城区污水处理厂改扩建工程案例研究,为城乡融合下的污水处理厂工艺选择提供了实践案例。

热湿地区室内挥发性有机物多源散发研究现状

分析热湿地区室内空气污染现状,对影响热湿地区室内空气污染因素的独特特征进行总结。介绍国内外热湿环境下挥发性有机物多污染源散发机制的研究现状,指出湿热条件下室内装修家具等具有多污染源的挥发性有机物散发模型及环境影响因素研究的不足,提出对室内温度场、风速场、湿度场、污染物浓度分布进行模拟仿真的研究方向。

基于主成分分析法的京津冀空气质量研究

针对京津冀空气质量问题,利用SPSS软件,建立主成分分析的数学模型,提取主成分,得出影响京津冀空气质量水平的三大污染物是NO_2,SO_2,PM2.5.高斯点源模型计算出每小时分散在相同空间位置的污染物的浓度和,得出该点上的污染物浓度;多污染源扩散模型利用坐标变换的方法和GIS技术,模拟污染物扩散,实验结果表明,污染物减少的浓度越大,污染梯度变化越大.

基于优化高斯模型的井下空气质量分析

将高斯扩散模型引入到矿井空气的评价工作中,并对该模型进行改进,建立了优化的高斯扩散模型。最后,基于已建立的模型,运用MATLAB对1 d内不同时间矿井空气的污染物含量进行模拟。

十年艰辛结硕果

交通水运环保科技情报网走过了十年的历程。十年前,在水运环保岗位上工作的中年人如今已经鬓染白霜步入老年。 人变了,我们的环保事业何尝不在变:

Removal of Pyrene from Contaminated Soils by White Clover

Phytoremediation has been used as an emerging technology for remediation of soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),ubiquitous persistent environmental pollutants derived from natural and anthropogenic processes,in the last decade.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the potential of phytoremediation of pyrene from spiked soils planted with white clover(Trifolium repens)in the greenhouse with a series of pyrene concentrations ranging from 4.22 to 365.38 mg kg-1.The results showed that growth of white clover on pyrenecontaminated soils was not affected.The removal of pyrene from the spiked soils planted with white clover was obviously higher than that from the unplanted soils.At the end of the experiment(60 d),the average removal ratio of pyrene in the spiked soils with white clover was 77%,which was 31%and 57%higher than those of the controls with or without micobes, respectively.Both roots and shoots of white clover took up pyrene from the spiked soils and pyrene uptake increased with the soil pyrene concentration.However,the plant-enhanced dissipation of soil pyrene may be the result of plant-promoted microbial degradation and direct uptake and accumulation of pyrene by white clover were only a small part of the pyrene dissipation.Bioconcentration factors of pyrene(BCFs,ratio of pyrene,on a dry weight basis,in the plant to that in the soil)tended to decrease with increase in the residual soil pyrene concentration.Therefore,removal of pyrene in the contaminated soils was feasible using white clove.

A new method for multi-point pollution source identification

Rapid and accurate identification of the characteristics(source location,number,and intensity)of pollution sources is essential for emergency assessment of contamination events.Compared with single-point source iden-tification,the reconstruction of multiple sources is more challenging.In this study,a two-step inversion method is proposed for multi-point pollution source reconstruction from limited measurements with the number of sources unknown.The applicability of the proposed method is validated with a set of synthetic experiments correspond-ing to one-,two-,and three-point pollution sources.The results show that the number and locations of pollution sources are retrieved exactly the same as prescribed,and the source intensities are estimated with negligible errors.The algorithm exhibits good performance in single-and multi-point pollution source identification,and its accuracy and efficiency of identification do not deteriorate with the increase in the number of sources.Some limitations of the algorithm,together with its capabilities,are also discussed in this paper.

Inversion method for multi-point source pollution identification:Sensitivity analysis and application to European Tracer Experiment data

Fast and accurate identification of unknown pollution sources plays a crucial role in the emergency response and source control of air pollution.In this work,the applicability of a previously proposed two-step inversion method is investigated with sensitivity experiments and real data from the first release of the European Tracer Experiment(ETEX-1).The two-step inversion method is based on the principle of least squares and carries out additional model correction through the residual iterative process.To evaluate its performance,its retrieval results are compared with those of two other existing algorithms.It is shown that for those cases with richer measurements,all three methods are less sensitive to errors,while for cases where measurements are sparse,their retrieval accuracy will rapidly decrease as errors increase.From the results of sensitivity experiments,the new method provides higher estimation accuracy and a more stable performance than the other two methods.The new method presents the smallest maximum location error of 18.20 km when the amplitude of the measurement error increases to 100%,and 22.67 km when errors in the wind fields increase to 200%.Moreover,when applied to ETEX-1 data,the new method also exhibits good performance,with a location error of 4.71 km,which is the best estimation with respect to source location.

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in main aquacultural areas in Guangdong, China

The environmental quality status of Daya Bay （22.56-22.77°N, 114.51-114.73°E）, a main aquaculture area in Guangdong of China, was investigated using 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） sediment samples of the bay. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 115 to 1 134 ng/g dry weight. The PAH composition pattern in sediments suggest dominance of 4-ring PAHs in Sites 2 and 4, and the ratio of certain related PAHs indicated important pyrolytic and petrogemc sources. The results enhance the understanding of current contamination levels and make a better assessment of likely impacts of organic contamination on ecosystems and the sustainability of local aquaculture in the area especially after the establishment of the Nuclear Power Station by the bay.

Simultaneously Designing and Targeting for Networks with Multiple Resources of Different Qualities

This paper presents a new design procedure for the networks with multiple resources, such as hydrogen and water, of different qualities. The minimum consumption targets of the resources and pinch-causing sources can be identified as well during design. The objective of this work is to reduce the consumption of the resources with higher quality due to their higher cost. A few examples are investigated to show the proposed method. For a net-work of single resource with single contaminant, there is often only one pinch point for the resource. On the other hand, for a network of multiple resources with single contaminant, there might be a few different pinch points. Each resource might have its own pinch point, if its amount is sufficient. The contaminant concentration of the pinch-causing source for a resource with lower concentration will be below that of the higher-concentration resource(s).

Study on Pollution Level, Distribution and Sources of Polychlorinated Naphthalene in River Sediments

Polychlorinated naphthalene （PCNs） is similar structure and toxicity of dioxin （PCDD/Fs）, it can be detected in the global environmental and biological samples. This paper introduces the main source of PCNs in the environment and environmental fate, sludge PCNs pollution level in 1.48-28.21 ng/g （dry weight）, PCN-TEQs content is in 0.11-2.45 pg/g （dry weight）, far below the content of other areas in foreign countries. The results showed that the sources of wastewater, sewage treatment plant is an important factor affecting the level of polychlorinated naphthalene pollution. Discussion on the distribution characteristics of sludge in polychlorinated naphthalene congeners, found that the distribution of PCNs congeners in all of the samples is largely the same, it is mainly two chloride and three chloro naphthalene, it showed that the pollution source has a certain resemblance. Research shows that, polychlorinated naphthalenes city sludge mainly comes from industrial pollution sources; in addition, an important source of waste incineration, burning heat treatment process is caused by polychlorinated naphthalene pollution.