｛123｝〈111〉多滑移的屈服顶点

从Taylor-Bishop-Hill理论出发，系统分析和计算了bcc金属在{123}<111>滑移系上滑移的单晶屈服面，发现共有338种应力状态（考虑正负，各为169种），并将它们按晶体结构的对称性（即结晶学上等价组）加以分类，结果表明，所有的屈服顶点共可分为14组，它们分别活化5，6或8个滑移系，依赖于结晶学上不等价的滑移系组拓展了Chin等人所没有考虑的4组屈眼顶点（考虑正负共有126种应力状态）．与｛110｝<111>的都为0不同，只有极少数｛123｝<111>的屈服顶点在某些非活化滑移系上分解切应力值为0，且引起滑移系模糊性问题（多于5个滑移系）的屈服顶点百分数相应地也大大减小到146／338（≈43％）．

基于能量极值原理的单晶体塑性滑移的有限变形分析

对FCC单晶体的率无关弹塑性力学响应的本构关系进行了数值模拟 .用一个基于能量极值原理的数值计算方法来处理复杂的多面塑性问题 .这种算法可以有效地模拟单晶体多滑移系的启动 .在这一理论框架下 ,增量的应力应变关系可以从所构造的能量函数中推导出来 .对于滑移系激活情况的判定则可转化为求解活动约束的非线性数学规划问题 .通过对时间的离散 ,此问题又可细化为逐步二次规划问题 ,并采用有效集法来搜索启动滑移系 ,进而求得弹塑性本构关系 .数值结果表明该方法具有稳定、收敛、可行的特点 .在数值计算的基础上研究了单轴拉伸下晶体的不同取向对单晶体硬化程度和滑移系激活情况的影响 .

Heat transfer and nanofluid flow over a porous plate with radiation and slip boundary conditions

Presence of different terms with various values can alter the thermal behavior of the nanofluids flow over porous surfaces.The aim of this research is to study the influence of nanoparticles volume fraction,nanoparticles type,suction or injection,the heat generation or absorption,the Eckert number,thermal and velocity slip parameters,and radiation on the velocity and temperature fields on the flow and heat transfer over a porous flat plate.Four different types of nanoparticles including metal nanoparticles (Cu),metal oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3) and carbon-based nanomaterials (MWCNTs and SWCNTs) which were dispersed in the water (as based fluid) are studied.The governing equations are converted into the ordinary differential equations using similarity solution and solved numerically by the RKF45 algorithm.The results of the simulations showed a contradiction with the results of other researchers who expressed that using nanoparticles with higher thermal conductivity and volume fraction led to increasing heat transfer rate in nanofluids;this study proves that,in some cases,boosting the volume fraction of nanoparticles has a potential to decrease the heat transfer rate due to significant changes in values of some parameters including radiation,heat generation,and viscous dissipation.

Crystal plasticity based modeling of grain boundary sliding in magnesium alloy AZ31B sheet

The aim of present work is to develop a crystal plasticity modeling approach to integrate slip,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and grain boundary sliding(GBS)for simulating the deformation behavior and texture evolution of magnesium alloys at high temperatures.Firstly,the deformation mechanisms of an AZ31B Mg alloy sheet at 300°C were investigated by examining texture and microstructure evolution during uniaxial tension and compression tests.DRX refines microstructure at strains less than 0.2,and subsequently GBS plays a significant role during deformation process.A GBS model is developed to evaluate strain and grain rotation induced by GBS,and implemented into the polycrystal plasticity framework VPSC.The VPSC-DRX-GBS model can well reproduce the stress−strain curves,grain size,texture evolution and significant texture differences in tension and compression tests due to GBS.The calculated GBS contribution ratio in tension is obviously higher than that in compression due to easier cavity nucleation at grain boundaries under tension loading.

Slip flow and variable properties of viscoelastic fluid past a stretching surface embedded in a porous medium with heat generation

This study examines theoretically and computationally the non-Newtonian boundary layer flow and heat transfer for a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching continuous sheet embedded in a porous medium with variable fluid properties, slip velocity, and internal heat generation/absorption. The flow in boundary layer is considered to be generated solely by the stretching of the sheet adjacent to porous medium with boundary wall slip condition. Highly nonlinear momentum and thermal boundary layer equations governing the flow and heat transfer are reduced to set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by appropriate transformation. The resulting ODEs are successfully solved numerically with the help of shooting method. Graphical results are shown for non-dimensional velocities and temperature. The effects of heat generation/absorption parameter, the porous parameter, the viscoelastic parameter, velocity slip parameter, variable thermal conductivity and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles are presented. Moreover, the local skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number are presented. Comparison of numerical results is made with the earlier published results under limiting cases.

Multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann simulation of slide damping in micro-scale shear-driven rarefied gas flow

To investigate the slide film damping in the micro-scale shear-driven rarefied gas flows, an effective multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method(MRT-LBM) is proposed. Through the Knudsen boundary layer model, the effects of wall and rarefaction are considered in the correction of relaxation time. The results of gas velocity distributions are compared among the MRT, Monte Carlo model(DSMC) and high-order LBM, and the effects of the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient on the gas velocity distributions are also compared between the MRT and the high-order LBM. It is indicated that the amendatory MRT-LBM can unlock the dilemma of simulation of micro-scale non-equilibrium. Finally, the effects of the Knudsen number, the Stokes number, and the gap between the plates on the damping are researched. The results show that by decreasing the Knudsen number or increasing the Stokes number, the slide film damping increases in the transition regime;however, as the size of the gap increases, the slide film damping decreases substantially.

Monitoring and stability analysis of slope slip of a landfill with multiple intermediate covering layers

A field monitoring program was carried out to record the slope failure process of a landfill with multiple intermediate covering layers.The monitored items include the leachate level,the surface horizontal displacement and the deep lateral displacement.Based on the monitoring data,analysis was carried out to verify the stability control effects of leachate drainage on the top layer,leachate drainage in different layers,and near-slope leachate drainage.The results show that the maximum slip area is 34 760 m 2 and the average surface horizontal displacement of the 10th platform is 1.77 m.Dumping near the slope is the main reason for the instability.The closer to the dumping area,the greater the degree of slip and the more significantly the leachate level rises.Affected by the intermediate covering layers,the failure mode is the local sliding inside the landfill,and the effect of near-slope leachate drainage on the stability control is obvious.

A new method to calculate lateral force acting on stabilizing piles based on multi-wedge translation mechanism

A new method based on the multi-wedge translation mechanism is presented to calculate the lateral force acting on the stabilizing piles. At first, there is no assumption for the shape of potential sliding surface, it is just considered that the potential sliding surface is a composite of a number of straight lines. And then, the potential sliding mass is divided into a number of triangular wedges take with these straight lines as its base. The kinematic theorem of limit analysis is adopted to calculate the rate of external work and the rate of energy dissipation for each triangular wedge, respectively. Furthermore, the multivariate functions are established to calculate the lateral force acting on the stabilizing piles. The lateral force and the corresponding potential sliding surfaces can be obtained by an optimizational technique. At last, an example is taken to illustrate the method. The effect of soil strength parameters, slope angle and pile roughness on the lateral force and the corresponding potential sliding surface are analyzed.The result are compared with those obtained using other methods.

Analytical modeling and multi-objective optimization(MOO) of slippage for wheeled mobile robot(WMR) in rough terrain

Good understanding of relationship between parameters of vehicle, terrain and interaction at the interface is required to develop effective navigation and motion control algorithms for autonomous wheeled mobile robots （AWMR） in rough terrain. A model and analysis of relationship among wheel slippage （S）, rotation angle （0）, sinkage （z） and wheel radius （r） are presented. It is found that wheel rotation angle, sinkage and radius have some influence on wheel slippage. A multi-objective optimization problem with slippage as utility function was formulated and solved in MATLAB. The results reveal the optimal values of wheel-terrain parameters required to achieve optimum slippage on dry sandy terrain. A method of slippage estimation for a five-wheeled mobile robot was presented through comparing the odometric measurements of the powered wheels with those of the fifth non-powered wheel. The experimental result shows that this method is feasible and can be used for online slippage estimation in a sandy terrain.

氢化物对N18锆合金原位拉伸变形的影响

采用扫描电镜下原位拉伸方法,观察研究了电解渗氢后的N18锆合金中氢化物的变形过程和基体的滑移行为,分析了氢化物对拉伸性能的影响。研究发现,锆合金基体的塑性变形是由多滑移引起的,氢化物可随基体发生较大变形。稀疏分布的带状氢化物簇对滑移的阻碍小,滑移线能够穿过而不改变方向,但尺寸较大的氢化物簇会阻碍滑移带的穿过而改变滑移方向。氢化物使抗拉强度略有增加,伸长率显著下降,但氢含量达到623μg/g的N18锆合金的伸长率仍然达到了13.1%,具有较好的塑性。