This paper studies the relationship between net primary productivity (NPP) and annual average air temperature (GT) at 0cm above ground in permafrost regions by using revised Chikugo NPP model,cubic spline interpolatin...This paper studies the relationship between net primary productivity (NPP) and annual average air temperature (GT) at 0cm above ground in permafrost regions by using revised Chikugo NPP model,cubic spline interpolating functions,and non-linear regression methods.The source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers were selected as the research areas.Results illustrate that:(1) There is significant non-linear relationship between NPP and GT in various typical years;(2) The maximum value of NPP is 6.17,5.87,7.73,and 5.41 DM·t·hm-2 ·a-1 respectively,and the corresponding GT is 7.1,10.0,21.2,and 8.9 o C respectively in 1980,1990,2000 and 2007;(3) In 1980,the sensitivity of NPP to GT is higher than in 1990,2000 and 2007.This tendency shows that the NPP presents change from fluctuation to an adaptation process over time;(4) During 1980～2007,the accumulated NPP was reduced to 8.05,and the corresponding carrying capacity of theoretical livestock reduced by 11%;(5) The shape of the demonstration region of ecological compensation system,livelihood support system,and science appraisal system in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are an important research for increasing the adaptation capacity and balancing protection and development.展开更多
This paper looks at how brand development and marketing communication rules are useful, if not essential tools in the transmedia storytelling process. After providing clarification on the meaning of true transmedia co...This paper looks at how brand development and marketing communication rules are useful, if not essential tools in the transmedia storytelling process. After providing clarification on the meaning of true transmedia content, the author suggests that this fi）rm of narrative necessitates a variety of techniques that are beyond those found in the traditional skill set of the linear storyteller. The paper introduces a multi-layered model to help provide a structure for the development of transmedia narrative. It also outlines various stages of development and their specific characteristics. These include the establishment of a core message, introductory, development, and mature narrative phases. It draws extensive]Ly from a case study in transmedia storytelling co-produced by the author. The project, entitled Geo Freakz is rooted in the family sport of geocaching and was initially released on a trial basis, in Canada. The project includes webisodes, multiplayer on line games, TV programming, and live events. Collaborative partners are drawn from several media modalities. Findings from the case to date are used to illustrate the model presented in the paper as well as outline challenges in transmedia storytelling yet to be dealt with.展开更多
In this paper, a modified multi-agent system for assembly line balancing is proposed. Each worker in the assembly line is regarded as an agent, and two neighboring agents exchange information about the allocated tasks...In this paper, a modified multi-agent system for assembly line balancing is proposed. Each worker in the assembly line is regarded as an agent, and two neighboring agents exchange information about the allocated tasks. To balance the workload, an agent with a smaller workload sends a request message to his/her neighboring agent, who has a larger workload, to exchange tasks between them. Without any centralized control mechanism, each agent behaves to achieve their goal, which is to balance the workload. A tabu list and cooling control are also incorporated. However, the effectiveness of the previous system is limited, and the system depends on problems to be solved. As such, a modified system is proposed. In the proposed system, the cycle time is used when considering the proposal of exchange of allocated tasks instead of the task time allocated to the neighboring workers. Also, in the proposed system, the length of tabu list is determined dynamically based on the current number of possible exchanges, and the best cycle time in the search with cooling at medium speed is recorded for the second search that is finished when the current cycle time reaches the recorded cycle time. The effectiveness of the modified system is investigated by solving problems for various conditions. The results show that the proposed system is effective regardless of the problems that are encountered.展开更多
Automotive manufacturing is complex and includes the coordination of design in the manufacturing system. The manufacturing approaches over the past few years, disassembly have been a key issue, and it seems that simul...Automotive manufacturing is complex and includes the coordination of design in the manufacturing system. The manufacturing approaches over the past few years, disassembly have been a key issue, and it seems that simulation models are usually tailored to address a narrow set of industrial issues. This paper describes the development of the production line in the automobile manufacturing system through design, operation, and maintenance, based on multi-objectives of Algorithm and Simulation Model called MOA-SM. The both models are being developed at three different levels： the production line in the body and assembly shop, supply chain, and the production plan. The optimization tries to involve more objectives to solve the issues in manufacturing system. A solution that may optimize one performance measure may deteriorate since other performance solutions are difficult. The resulting algorithms are comparable to the simulation and multi-object in terms of success rate, assembly times, peak forces, moments, and have assembly times superior to those of a benchmark blind search algorithm.展开更多
The failure modes and effects analysis （FMEA） is widely applied in manufacturing industries in various phases of the product life cycle to evaluate the system, its design and processes for failures that can occur. T...The failure modes and effects analysis （FMEA） is widely applied in manufacturing industries in various phases of the product life cycle to evaluate the system, its design and processes for failures that can occur. The FMEA team often demonstrates different opinions and these different types of opinions are very difficult to incorporate into the FMEA by the traditional risk priority number model. In this paper, for each of the Occurrence, Severity and Detectivity parameters a fuzzy set is defined and the opinion of each FMEA team members is considered. These opinions are considered simultaneously with weights that are given to each individual based on their skills and experience levels. In addition, the opinion of the costumer is considered for each of the FMEA parameters. Then, the Risk Priority Numbers （RPN） is calculated using a Multi Input Single Output （MISO） fuzzy expert system. The proposed model is applied for prioritizing the failures of Peugeot 206 Engine assembly line in IKCo （Iran Khodro Company）.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,Grant No. 2007CB411507 and Grant No.2010CB951704)
文摘This paper studies the relationship between net primary productivity (NPP) and annual average air temperature (GT) at 0cm above ground in permafrost regions by using revised Chikugo NPP model,cubic spline interpolating functions,and non-linear regression methods.The source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers were selected as the research areas.Results illustrate that:(1) There is significant non-linear relationship between NPP and GT in various typical years;(2) The maximum value of NPP is 6.17,5.87,7.73,and 5.41 DM·t·hm-2 ·a-1 respectively,and the corresponding GT is 7.1,10.0,21.2,and 8.9 o C respectively in 1980,1990,2000 and 2007;(3) In 1980,the sensitivity of NPP to GT is higher than in 1990,2000 and 2007.This tendency shows that the NPP presents change from fluctuation to an adaptation process over time;(4) During 1980～2007,the accumulated NPP was reduced to 8.05,and the corresponding carrying capacity of theoretical livestock reduced by 11%;(5) The shape of the demonstration region of ecological compensation system,livelihood support system,and science appraisal system in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are an important research for increasing the adaptation capacity and balancing protection and development.
文摘This paper looks at how brand development and marketing communication rules are useful, if not essential tools in the transmedia storytelling process. After providing clarification on the meaning of true transmedia content, the author suggests that this fi）rm of narrative necessitates a variety of techniques that are beyond those found in the traditional skill set of the linear storyteller. The paper introduces a multi-layered model to help provide a structure for the development of transmedia narrative. It also outlines various stages of development and their specific characteristics. These include the establishment of a core message, introductory, development, and mature narrative phases. It draws extensive]Ly from a case study in transmedia storytelling co-produced by the author. The project, entitled Geo Freakz is rooted in the family sport of geocaching and was initially released on a trial basis, in Canada. The project includes webisodes, multiplayer on line games, TV programming, and live events. Collaborative partners are drawn from several media modalities. Findings from the case to date are used to illustrate the model presented in the paper as well as outline challenges in transmedia storytelling yet to be dealt with.
文摘In this paper, a modified multi-agent system for assembly line balancing is proposed. Each worker in the assembly line is regarded as an agent, and two neighboring agents exchange information about the allocated tasks. To balance the workload, an agent with a smaller workload sends a request message to his/her neighboring agent, who has a larger workload, to exchange tasks between them. Without any centralized control mechanism, each agent behaves to achieve their goal, which is to balance the workload. A tabu list and cooling control are also incorporated. However, the effectiveness of the previous system is limited, and the system depends on problems to be solved. As such, a modified system is proposed. In the proposed system, the cycle time is used when considering the proposal of exchange of allocated tasks instead of the task time allocated to the neighboring workers. Also, in the proposed system, the length of tabu list is determined dynamically based on the current number of possible exchanges, and the best cycle time in the search with cooling at medium speed is recorded for the second search that is finished when the current cycle time reaches the recorded cycle time. The effectiveness of the modified system is investigated by solving problems for various conditions. The results show that the proposed system is effective regardless of the problems that are encountered.
文摘Automotive manufacturing is complex and includes the coordination of design in the manufacturing system. The manufacturing approaches over the past few years, disassembly have been a key issue, and it seems that simulation models are usually tailored to address a narrow set of industrial issues. This paper describes the development of the production line in the automobile manufacturing system through design, operation, and maintenance, based on multi-objectives of Algorithm and Simulation Model called MOA-SM. The both models are being developed at three different levels： the production line in the body and assembly shop, supply chain, and the production plan. The optimization tries to involve more objectives to solve the issues in manufacturing system. A solution that may optimize one performance measure may deteriorate since other performance solutions are difficult. The resulting algorithms are comparable to the simulation and multi-object in terms of success rate, assembly times, peak forces, moments, and have assembly times superior to those of a benchmark blind search algorithm.
文摘The failure modes and effects analysis （FMEA） is widely applied in manufacturing industries in various phases of the product life cycle to evaluate the system, its design and processes for failures that can occur. The FMEA team often demonstrates different opinions and these different types of opinions are very difficult to incorporate into the FMEA by the traditional risk priority number model. In this paper, for each of the Occurrence, Severity and Detectivity parameters a fuzzy set is defined and the opinion of each FMEA team members is considered. These opinions are considered simultaneously with weights that are given to each individual based on their skills and experience levels. In addition, the opinion of the costumer is considered for each of the FMEA parameters. Then, the Risk Priority Numbers （RPN） is calculated using a Multi Input Single Output （MISO） fuzzy expert system. The proposed model is applied for prioritizing the failures of Peugeot 206 Engine assembly line in IKCo （Iran Khodro Company）.
