Two kinds of saponins have been investigated by negative electrospray ionization(NESI) mass spectrometry. Under ESI conditions, the - ions of saponins were observed which provide the molecular weights of saponins. The...Two kinds of saponins have been investigated by negative electrospray ionization(NESI) mass spectrometry. Under ESI conditions, the - ions of saponins were observed which provide the molecular weights of saponins. The fragment pathways of - ions of these two saponins depend on their structures. For steroidic saponins, - ion only produces the fragment ions by the losses of sugar units. For oleanolic saponins, - ion yields the cross ring ions as well as the fragment ions by the losses of sugar units. Moreover, the abundance of the former is higher than that of the latter. The characteristic fragments are used to provide the sequence and some linkage information of sugar moieties of saponins. Especially, their fragment difference strongly depends on the linkage between the aglycone and the sugar moieties.展开更多
针对一类考虑返修和产品多态性的多级串联制造系统性能分析问题,在考虑系统设备故障基础上,重点研究产品的返修和报废以及产品的多态性导致工位正常运行时加工状态差异对系统性能的影响,提出一种基于扩展Petri网(Extended-stochastic Pe...针对一类考虑返修和产品多态性的多级串联制造系统性能分析问题,在考虑系统设备故障基础上,重点研究产品的返修和报废以及产品的多态性导致工位正常运行时加工状态差异对系统性能的影响,提出一种基于扩展Petri网(Extended-stochastic Petri nets,ESPN)的系统模块化建模方法,解决传统利用Markov模型和排队网络模型建模难以清晰描述系统内部产品流转换导致复杂状态变化的问题。将ESPN模型同构于嵌入Markov链得到工位状态空间,推导产品多态性导致的工位不同加工状态相对激发概率分布。以双工位单缓冲区的两级串联制造系统单元模型性能分析为基础,考虑缓冲区两边系统对单元模型的影响,基于重叠分解法对系统模型进行迭代求解,分析系统各项性能指标。某企业汽车动力总成装配线的实例验证了该建模与分析方法的有效性。展开更多
文摘Two kinds of saponins have been investigated by negative electrospray ionization(NESI) mass spectrometry. Under ESI conditions, the - ions of saponins were observed which provide the molecular weights of saponins. The fragment pathways of - ions of these two saponins depend on their structures. For steroidic saponins, - ion only produces the fragment ions by the losses of sugar units. For oleanolic saponins, - ion yields the cross ring ions as well as the fragment ions by the losses of sugar units. Moreover, the abundance of the former is higher than that of the latter. The characteristic fragments are used to provide the sequence and some linkage information of sugar moieties of saponins. Especially, their fragment difference strongly depends on the linkage between the aglycone and the sugar moieties.
文摘针对一类考虑返修和产品多态性的多级串联制造系统性能分析问题,在考虑系统设备故障基础上,重点研究产品的返修和报废以及产品的多态性导致工位正常运行时加工状态差异对系统性能的影响,提出一种基于扩展Petri网(Extended-stochastic Petri nets,ESPN)的系统模块化建模方法,解决传统利用Markov模型和排队网络模型建模难以清晰描述系统内部产品流转换导致复杂状态变化的问题。将ESPN模型同构于嵌入Markov链得到工位状态空间,推导产品多态性导致的工位不同加工状态相对激发概率分布。以双工位单缓冲区的两级串联制造系统单元模型性能分析为基础,考虑缓冲区两边系统对单元模型的影响,基于重叠分解法对系统模型进行迭代求解,分析系统各项性能指标。某企业汽车动力总成装配线的实例验证了该建模与分析方法的有效性。
