RAPD Analysis for Genetic Diversity of Nineteen Common and Tartary Buckwheat Varieties

[Objective]The study aimed to carry out RAPD analysis of genetic diversity of common and tartary buckwheat varieties.[Method] The genetic diversity of 19 common and tartary buckwheat varieties including the tested varieties in Guizhou region during 1999-2010 and their parents were studied using 7 primers by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）.[Result]A total of 149 DNA bands were obtained.In which,141 bands were polymorphic,accounting for 94.89%.Polymorphism analysis and cluster analysis showed that all varieties had their own special bands different from each other.The varieties native to Weining were close to each other,and other common buckwheat varieties were obviously different from each other.The interspecific genetic variation was the greatest;the intraspecific genetic variation of common buckwheat varieties was greater than that of tartary buckwheat varieties.[Conclusion]The RAPD fingerprints of the 19 buckwheat varieties were established in present study.

大连地区新引入荞麦品种适应性调查

对新引入的多苦荞、米苦荞、自交可育甜荞的10个品种进行试验性种植,调查其丰产性、稳产性和抗逆性,确定其利用价值并筛选出适宜本地区种植的优良品种,为抗旱救灾做好储备。结果表明,贵多苦1808-2适宜在本地区作为饲用牧草种植,米苦荞不适宜本地区种植,贵甜1812-643产量水平高于对照组,适宜本地区种植。试验为荞麦在大连地区生产水平的提升提供借鉴及科学依据。

减施氮肥增施生物菌肥对3种不同类型荞麦农艺性状及产量的影响

通过研究不同氮肥施用量与生物菌肥组合对多苦荞、米苦荞、甜荞的相关农艺性状及产量的影响,筛选出适宜每一类型荞麦的菌肥配方。结果表明,荞麦增施生物菌肥对氮肥具有替代作用,米苦荞施用50%常规氮肥+生物菌肥处理可以在保证产量的同时改善其品质及抗倒伏性;多苦荞施用25%常规氮肥+生物菌肥处理产量达76.07 kg/667 m^(2),比对照增产20%以上,生育期缩短,抗倒伏性增强,实现了多苦荞的增产增效;甜荞施用75%常规氮肥+生物菌肥处理对其产量并没有显著影响,但株高显著降低,籽粒颗粒大,千粒重显著高于对照组,商品性更好。研究证实,施用适宜的生物菌肥是促进荞麦生长发育、改善荞麦品质、提高产量并减少氮肥施用量的有效途径之一,对构建适宜辽宁地区荞麦良种繁育技术体系及绿色生产技术模式提供了一定的参考和借鉴。