The field research on five black crested gibbon groups, recently performed at Dazhaizi, Mr. Wuliang, Central Yunnan, China, showed that all groups in the local population consisted of one adult male, two adult females...The field research on five black crested gibbon groups, recently performed at Dazhaizi, Mr. Wuliang, Central Yunnan, China, showed that all groups in the local population consisted of one adult male, two adult females and 2 - 5 sub-adults, juveniles and itfants. The mean group size was 6.2 in August 2003 and 6.4 in August 2005. Two subadult males disappeared from their natal home range and three newborns were given birth in Group 3 （G3） and G4 during this study. The two adult females in G1, G2 and G3 gave births and/or carried babies but at different times. There was no aggressive or dominating behaviour observed between the two adult females. One floating female was first seen in G3＇s territory on April 15, 2005. The two resident females interrupted her duet with adult male and chased her. We did not observe adult male chased this floating female and she left G3＇s territory 10 days later. Sub-adult males often kept distance with the family, and they often sang solo bouts in their natal territory before they dispersed. The sub-adult males and females dispersed from natal territory and two adult resident females rejected the third one, which might were the reasons why the black gibbon groups were polygyny in Dazhaizi.展开更多
The effect of strong reflection interfaces, such as free surface, seabed, is strong; thus, the coupling of multiples and waves reduces the quality of ocean-bottom cable seismic data. Using the different polarity respo...The effect of strong reflection interfaces, such as free surface, seabed, is strong; thus, the coupling of multiples and waves reduces the quality of ocean-bottom cable seismic data. Using the different polarity response of hydrophones and geophones to downgoing wave fields, dual-sensor summation can eliminate receiver-side multiples, enhance primaries, and improve the resolution of seismic data. We present a dual-sensor summation method based on the equipoise pseudo-multichannel adaptive matching filter. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method is totally data driven and does not depend on the reflection coefficient; moreover, good results are obtained using synthetic and real data.展开更多
The theory of multibody system dynamics is used to simulate valve trains' kinematics and dynamics characteristics, and the methods of establishing and analyzing the multibody system dynamics model for valve trains...The theory of multibody system dynamics is used to simulate valve trains' kinematics and dynamics characteristics, and the methods of establishing and analyzing the multibody system dynamics model for valve trains are discussed. Since most of the flexible bodies of a valve train are slender parts, the finite segment method is used to build their models. Other parts such as cams, valve heads etc., are built as rigid bodies. After applying the constraints, forces and motions, the establishing of the whole system is accomplished, and the Lagrange's multiplier method can be used to obtain its dynamics constitutive equations. As an example, a valve trains multibody system model of 4100QB engine made by the Yunnan Internal Combustion Engine Limited Liability Company is established, and the analysis results obtained show that its working performance is generally good except that the air pass ability and the lubrication effect of the cam and the tappet have to be improved.展开更多
Cropping structure has a close relationship with the optimal allocation of agricultural water resources. Based on the analysis of the relationship between agricultural water resources and sustainable development, this...Cropping structure has a close relationship with the optimal allocation of agricultural water resources. Based on the analysis of the relationship between agricultural water resources and sustainable development, this paper presents a multi objective fuzzy optimization model for cropping structure and water allocation, which overcomes the shortcoming of current models that only considered the economic objective,and ignored the social and environmental objectives. During the process, a new method named fuzzy deciding weight is developed to decide the objective weight. A case study shows that the model is reliable, the method is simple and objective, and the results are reasonable. This model is useful for agricultural management and sustainable development.展开更多
The removal of boron from metallurgical silicon in slag system of CaO-SiO2-10%CaF2 was investigated. The partition coefficient of boron （LB） between slag and silicon phase was studied under different conditions of s...The removal of boron from metallurgical silicon in slag system of CaO-SiO2-10%CaF2 was investigated. The partition coefficient of boron （LB） between slag and silicon phase was studied under different conditions of slag basicity （CaO/SiO2 ratio）, temperature, mass ratio of slag to silicon and gas blowing. The results show that LB has a maximum value of 4.61 when the CaO/SiO2 mass ratio is around 2 at l 873 K. The logarithm of LB is linear to the reciprocal of temperatures in the range of 1 773-1 973 K. LB increases with the increase of mass ratio of slag to silicon, but it does not increase markedly when the ratio excesses 3. Gas blowing can sionificantlv increase the removal of boron, and LR increases with the increase of water vapor content.展开更多
Aim To find an effective method to remove the registration error in multi-sensor systems. Methods A Kalman filtering technique was proposed to estimate and remove sensor bias and sensor fare tilt errors in multisenso...Aim To find an effective method to remove the registration error in multi-sensor systems. Methods A Kalman filtering technique was proposed to estimate and remove sensor bias and sensor fare tilt errors in multisensor systems with a moving platform. Results Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the approach. Conclusion The Kalman filter algorithm am detect registration errors and use this information to converge tracks from independent sensors. This is particularly important if the data from the sensors are to fused.展开更多
To find an effective method to estimate and remove the registration error in asynchronous multisensor system, Kalman filtering technique and least squares approach have been proposed to estimate and remove sensor bia...To find an effective method to estimate and remove the registration error in asynchronous multisensor system, Kalman filtering technique and least squares approach have been proposed to estimate and remove sensor bias and sensor frame tilt errors in multisensor systems with asynchronous data. Simulation results is presented to demonstrate the performance of these approaches. The least squares approach can compress measurements to any time. The Kalman filter algorithm can detect registration errors and use the information to converge tracks from independent sensors. This is particularly important if the data from the sensors are to be fused.展开更多
A capacity model of multi-phase signalized intersections is derived by a stopping-line method. It is simplified with two normal situations： one situation involves one straight lane and one left-turn lane; the other s...A capacity model of multi-phase signalized intersections is derived by a stopping-line method. It is simplified with two normal situations： one situation involves one straight lane and one left-turn lane; the other situation involves two straight lanes and one left-turn lane. The results show that the capacity is mainly relative to signal cycle length, phase length, intersection layout and following time. With regard to the vehicles arrival rates, the optimal model is derived based on each phase＇s remaining time balance, and it is solved by Lagrange multipliers. Therefore, the calculation models of the optimal signal cycle length and phase lengths are derived and simplified. Compared to the existing models, the proposed model is more convenient and practical. Finally, a practical intersection is chosen and its signal cycles and phase lengths are calculated by the proposed model.展开更多
文摘The field research on five black crested gibbon groups, recently performed at Dazhaizi, Mr. Wuliang, Central Yunnan, China, showed that all groups in the local population consisted of one adult male, two adult females and 2 - 5 sub-adults, juveniles and itfants. The mean group size was 6.2 in August 2003 and 6.4 in August 2005. Two subadult males disappeared from their natal home range and three newborns were given birth in Group 3 （G3） and G4 during this study. The two adult females in G1, G2 and G3 gave births and/or carried babies but at different times. There was no aggressive or dominating behaviour observed between the two adult females. One floating female was first seen in G3＇s territory on April 15, 2005. The two resident females interrupted her duet with adult male and chased her. We did not observe adult male chased this floating female and she left G3＇s territory 10 days later. Sub-adult males often kept distance with the family, and they often sang solo bouts in their natal territory before they dispersed. The sub-adult males and females dispersed from natal territory and two adult resident females rejected the third one, which might were the reasons why the black gibbon groups were polygyny in Dazhaizi.
基金supported jointly by the National Science Foundation Project(Grant No.41176077 and 41230318)
文摘The effect of strong reflection interfaces, such as free surface, seabed, is strong; thus, the coupling of multiples and waves reduces the quality of ocean-bottom cable seismic data. Using the different polarity response of hydrophones and geophones to downgoing wave fields, dual-sensor summation can eliminate receiver-side multiples, enhance primaries, and improve the resolution of seismic data. We present a dual-sensor summation method based on the equipoise pseudo-multichannel adaptive matching filter. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method is totally data driven and does not depend on the reflection coefficient; moreover, good results are obtained using synthetic and real data.
文摘The theory of multibody system dynamics is used to simulate valve trains' kinematics and dynamics characteristics, and the methods of establishing and analyzing the multibody system dynamics model for valve trains are discussed. Since most of the flexible bodies of a valve train are slender parts, the finite segment method is used to build their models. Other parts such as cams, valve heads etc., are built as rigid bodies. After applying the constraints, forces and motions, the establishing of the whole system is accomplished, and the Lagrange's multiplier method can be used to obtain its dynamics constitutive equations. As an example, a valve trains multibody system model of 4100QB engine made by the Yunnan Internal Combustion Engine Limited Liability Company is established, and the analysis results obtained show that its working performance is generally good except that the air pass ability and the lubrication effect of the cam and the tappet have to be improved.
文摘Cropping structure has a close relationship with the optimal allocation of agricultural water resources. Based on the analysis of the relationship between agricultural water resources and sustainable development, this paper presents a multi objective fuzzy optimization model for cropping structure and water allocation, which overcomes the shortcoming of current models that only considered the economic objective,and ignored the social and environmental objectives. During the process, a new method named fuzzy deciding weight is developed to decide the objective weight. A case study shows that the model is reliable, the method is simple and objective, and the results are reasonable. This model is useful for agricultural management and sustainable development.
基金Project(2007J0012)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,ChinaProject(2007HZ0005-2)supported by the Key Technological Program of Fujian Province,China
文摘The removal of boron from metallurgical silicon in slag system of CaO-SiO2-10%CaF2 was investigated. The partition coefficient of boron （LB） between slag and silicon phase was studied under different conditions of slag basicity （CaO/SiO2 ratio）, temperature, mass ratio of slag to silicon and gas blowing. The results show that LB has a maximum value of 4.61 when the CaO/SiO2 mass ratio is around 2 at l 873 K. The logarithm of LB is linear to the reciprocal of temperatures in the range of 1 773-1 973 K. LB increases with the increase of mass ratio of slag to silicon, but it does not increase markedly when the ratio excesses 3. Gas blowing can sionificantlv increase the removal of boron, and LR increases with the increase of water vapor content.
文摘Aim To find an effective method to remove the registration error in multi-sensor systems. Methods A Kalman filtering technique was proposed to estimate and remove sensor bias and sensor fare tilt errors in multisensor systems with a moving platform. Results Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the approach. Conclusion The Kalman filter algorithm am detect registration errors and use this information to converge tracks from independent sensors. This is particularly important if the data from the sensors are to fused.
文摘To find an effective method to estimate and remove the registration error in asynchronous multisensor system, Kalman filtering technique and least squares approach have been proposed to estimate and remove sensor bias and sensor frame tilt errors in multisensor systems with asynchronous data. Simulation results is presented to demonstrate the performance of these approaches. The least squares approach can compress measurements to any time. The Kalman filter algorithm can detect registration errors and use the information to converge tracks from independent sensors. This is particularly important if the data from the sensors are to be fused.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2004035208)Jiangsu Communication Science Foundation (No.06Y36)
文摘A capacity model of multi-phase signalized intersections is derived by a stopping-line method. It is simplified with two normal situations： one situation involves one straight lane and one left-turn lane; the other situation involves two straight lanes and one left-turn lane. The results show that the capacity is mainly relative to signal cycle length, phase length, intersection layout and following time. With regard to the vehicles arrival rates, the optimal model is derived based on each phase＇s remaining time balance, and it is solved by Lagrange multipliers. Therefore, the calculation models of the optimal signal cycle length and phase lengths are derived and simplified. Compared to the existing models, the proposed model is more convenient and practical. Finally, a practical intersection is chosen and its signal cycles and phase lengths are calculated by the proposed model.
