In-situ building of multiscale porous NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni heterojunction for superior overall water splitting

The development of efficient nonprecious bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis is crucial to enhance the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).A self-supporting,multiscale porous NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni catalyst with a triple interface heterojunction on nickel foam(NF)(NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni/NF)was in-situ fabricated using an electroplating-annealing-etching strategy.The unique multiinterface engineering and three-dimensional porous scaffold significantly modify the mass transport and electron interaction,resulting in superior bifunctional electrocatalytic performance for water splitting.The NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni/NF catalyst demonstrates low overpotentials of 187 m V for HER and 320 mV for OER at a current density of 600 mA/cm^(2),along with high durability over 150 h in alkaline solution.Furthermore,an electrolytic cell assembled with NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni/NF as both the cathode and anode achieves the current densities of 600 and 1000 m A/cm^(2) at cell voltages of 1.796 and 1.901 V,respectively,maintaining the high stability at 50 mA/cm^(2) for over 100 h.These findings highlight the potential of NiFeZn/NiZn-Ni/NF as a cost-effective and highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting.

一种基于MR-VAE的低照度图像增强方法

针对低照度图像多重失真特点(低亮度、多噪声和模糊等),本文基于变分自编码器提出了一种多重构变分自编码器(Multiple Reconstruction-Variational AutoEncoder,MR-VAE),逐步增强、从粗到细地生成高质量低照度增强图像.MR-VAE由特征概率分布捕获、全局重构和细节重构三个模块构成,核心思想是将全局特征与局部特征分阶段重建、将多重失真问题逐步解决,全局重构模块构建图像全局特征,提高全局亮度,得到较粗糙的图像;细节重构模块权衡去噪与去模糊,生成细节更逼真、噪声更少与局部亮度更合适的图像;此外,本文定义了一个多项损失函数替代l 2损失,以引导网络生成高质量图像.实验结果表明,多重构与多项损失函数的设计提高了网络生成复杂图像、处理多重失真的低照度图像性能,且提高了生成图像的质量、信噪比和视觉特性.

多重元素构合下的大型电视直播节目创新观察——以四川电视台“5·12汶川地震”2009—2012周年大型直播报道为例

本文以四川电视台“5·12汶川地震”周年系列大型直播报道节目为例，以电视媒介表达话语的多重构合样态为研究切角。从直播节目的报道理念、技术运用、新旧媒介观念和技术的融合上进行了相关探讨，呈现并总结其明晰的创新脉络，以期有裨于未来电视媒介大型直播报道节目的实务与理论发展。

Passive-source multitaper-spectral method based low-frequency data reconstruction for active seismic sources

Passive seismic data contain large amounts of low-frequency information. To effectively extract and compensate active seismic data that lack low frequencies, we propose a multitaper spectral reconstruction method based on multiple sinusoidal tapers and derive equations for multisource and multitrace conditions. Compared to conventional cross correlation and deconvolution reconstruction methods, the proposed method can more accurately reconstruct the relative amplitude of recordings. Multidomain iterative denoising improves the SNR of retrieved data. By analyzing the spectral characteristics of passive data before and after reconstruction, we found that the data are expressed more clearly after reconstruction and denoising. To compensate for the low-frequency information in active data using passive seismic data, we match the power spectrum, supplement it, and then smooth it in the frequency domain. Finally, we use numerical simulation to verify the proposed method and conduct prestack depth migration using data after low-frequency compensation. The proposed power-matching method adds the losing low frequency information in the active seismic data using the low-frequency information of passive- source seismic data. The imaging of compensated data gives a more detailed information of deep structures.

Preparation of micro-nanostructure on titanium implants and its bioactivity

Surface modification of medical implants was considered as an effective method to improve the cellular behaviors and the integration of tissue onto materials. The micro-nanostructured surface on the titanium alloy was prepared by laser treatment and multiple acid etching. The surface morphologies of different titanium alloy substrates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of micro-nanostructured surfaces on the cellular responses were investigated in vitro by observing hydroxyapatite formation, cell morphology and cell adhesion. The results indicate that the micro-sized structure promoted the adhesion and proliferation of cultured osteoblasts. Furthermore, the micro-nanostructured surface was more conducive to cell adhension stretching compared with the micro-structured surface. All results suggest that the micro-nanostructured surface improved the biocompatibility and integration of tissue onto titanium alloy implants.

Local polynomial prediction method of multivariate chaotic time series and its application

To improve the prediction accuracy of chaotic time series, a new methodformed on the basis of local polynomial prediction is proposed. The multivariate phase spacereconstruction theory is utilized to reconstruct the phase space firstly, and on its basis, apolynomial function is applied to construct the prediction model, then the parameters of the modelaccording to the data matrix built with the embedding dimensions are estimated and a one-stepprediction value is calculated. An estimate and one-step prediction value is calculated. Finally,the mean squared root statistics are used to estimate the prediction effect. The simulation resultsobtained by the Lorenz system and the prediction results of the Shanghai composite index show thatthe local polynomial prediction errors of the multivariate chaotic time series are small and itsprediction accuracy is much higher than that of the univariate chaotic time series.

Constitutive equations of 1060 pure aluminum based on modified double multiple nonlinear regression model

In order to study the work-ability and establish the optimum hot formation processing parameters for industrial 1060 pure aluminum, the compressive deformation behavior of pure aluminum was investigated at temperatures of 523?823 K and strain rates of 0.005?10 s?1 on a Gleeble?1500 thermo-simulation machine. The influence rule of processing parameters (strain, strain rate and temperature) on flow stress of pure aluminum was investigated. Nine analysis factors consisting of material parameters and according weights were optimized. Then, the constitutive equations of multilevel series rules, multilevel parallel rules and multilevel series &parallel rules were established. The correlation coefficients (R) are 0.992, 0.988 and 0.990, respectively, and the average absolute relative errors (AAREs) are 6.77%, 8.70% and 7.63%, respectively, which proves that the constitutive equations of multilevel series rules can predict the flow stress of pure aluminum with good correlation and precision.

Dynamic probabilistic design technique for multi-component system with multi-failure modes

For unacceptable computational efficiency and accuracy on the probabilistic analysis of multi-component system with multi-failure modes,this paper proposed multi-extremum response surface method(MERSM).MERSM model was established based on quadratic polynomial function by taking extremum response surface model as the sub-model of multi-response surface method.The dynamic probabilistic analysis of an aeroengine turbine blisk with two components,and their reliability of deformation and stress failures was obtained,based on thermal-structural coupling technique,by considering the nonlinearity of material parameters and the transients of gas flow,gas temperature and rotational speed.The results show that the comprehensive reliability of structure is 0.9904 when the allowable deformations and stresses of blade and disk are 4.78×10–3 m and 1.41×109 Pa,and 1.64×10–3 m and 1.04×109 Pa,respectively.Besides,gas temperature and rotating speed severely influence the comprehensive reliability of system.Through the comparison of methods,it is shown that the MERSM holds higher computational precision and speed in the probabilistic analysis of turbine blisk,and MERSM computational precision satisfies the requirement of engineering design.The efforts of this study address the difficulties on transients and multiple models coupling for the dynamic probabilistic analysis of multi-component system with multi-failure modes.

The Reconstruction of q-Trees

Let q be a positive integer.The graphs,called the q-trees are defined by recursion:the smallest q-tree is the complete graph K_q with q vertices,and a q-tree with n+1 vertices where n≥q is obtained by adding a new vertex adjacent to each of q arbitrarily selected but mutually adjacent vertices of q-tree with n vertices.Obviously,1-trees are the graphs which are generally called trees.In this paper,it is proved that for any positive integer q,q-tree is reconstructible.

Nuclear magnetic resonance T_2 spectrum:multifractal characteristics and pore structure evaluation

Pore structure characteristics are important to oil and gas exploration in complex low-permeability reservoirs. Using multifractal theory and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, we studied the pore structure of low-permeability sandstone rocks from the 4th Member （Es4） of the Shahejie Formation in the south slope of the Dongying Sag. We used the existing pore structure data from petrophysics, core slices, and mercury injection tests to classify the pore structure into three categories and five subcategories. Then, the T2 spectra of samples with different pore structures were interpolated, and the one- and three-dimensional fractal dimensions and the multifractal spectrum were obtained. Parameters a （intensity of singularity） andf（a） （density of distribution） were extracted from the multifractal spectra. The differences in the three fractal dimensions suggest that the pore structure types correlate with a andf（a）. The results calculated based on the multifractal spectrum is consistent with that of the core slices and mercury injection. Finally, the proposed method was applied to an actual logging profile to evaluate the pore structure of low-permeability sandstone reservoirs.

Crystal facet effect induced by different pretreatment of Cu_(2)O nanowire electrode for enhanced electrochemical CO_(2) reduction to C_(2+) products

Electrocatalytic CO_(2) conversion has been considered as a promising way to recycle CO_(2) and produce sustainable fuels and chemicals.However,the efficient and highly selective electrochemical reduction of CO_(2) directly into multi‐carbon(C_(2+))products remains a great challenge.Herein,we synthesized three type catalysts with different morphologies based on Cu_(2)O nanowires,and studied their morphology and crystal facet reconstruction during the pre‐reduction process.Benefiting from abundant exposure of Cu(100)crystal facet,the nanosheet structure derived Cu catalyst showed a high faradaic efficiency(FE)of 67.5%for C_(2+)products.Additionally,electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction studies were carried out on Cu(100),Cu(110),and Cu(111)single crystal electrodes,which verified that Cu(100)crystal facets are favorable for the C_(2+)products in electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction.Our work showed that catalysts would reconstruct during the CO_(2) reduction process and the importance in morphology and crystal facet control to obtain desired products.

Basin structure and multiresource potential based on high-precision airborne gravity and magnetic data

In this paper,we use high-precision airborne gravity and magnetic data to study the geophysical characteristics of the western slope of the Songliao Basin and its adjacent areas and evaluate the resource potential.We performed an in-depth analysis of three aspects of the basin characteristics:the characteristics of residual strata,the development characteristics of faults,and the distribution characteristics of magmatic rocks.Next,we analyzed the forming background of organic(oil and gas)resources and inorganic(uranium ore and hot dry rock)resources.The results showed that the new Upper Paleozoic strata have significant differences in different regions of the study area(with a thickness of 0–8000 m),mainly distributed in the eastern and northern regions but absent in the middle eastern and western regions.Furthermore,the thickness and depth of the Mesozoic layer varied between the eastern and western regions;it was thicker and deeper in the middle eastern region but thinner and shallower in the western region,and it is absent in most western regions.The main faults in the region are in the north–northeast(NNE)direction.Faults in the NE–NNE and NW directions jointly controlled the morphology of the secondary structural units.Magmatic rocks are relatively developed in the middle and eastern parts of the region.Most magmatic rocks are distributed along the faults and their sides,clearly reflecting the control of the faults on magmatic activities.The western slope of the Songliao basin and its surroundings have a favorable geological setting for the accumulation(mineralization)of oil,gas,shale oil,hot dry rock,and uranium ore.It is conducive to oil and gas exploration of deep new strata and collaborative exploration of multiple resources.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF THREE COUNTING BLOOM FILTER SCHEMES

The Counting Bloom Filter （CBF） is a kind of space-efficient data structure that extends a Bloom filter so as to allow approximate multiplicity queries on a dynamic multi-set. This paper evaluates the performance of multiplicity queries of three simple CBF schemes-the Naive Counting Bloom Filter （NCBF）, the Space-Code Bloom Filter （SCBF） and the d-left Counting Bloom Filter （dlCBF）-using metrics of space complexity and counting error under both uniform and zipfian multiplicity distributions. We compare their counting error under same space complexity, and their space complexity when similar counting errors are achieved respectively. Our results show that dICBF is the best while SCBF is the worst in terms of both space-efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, the performance gap between dlCBF and the others has a trend of being enlarged with the increment of space occupation or counting accuracy.

A new kind of wavelet-based method for spectrum deconvolution

To subtract the slit function from the measured spectrum, a wavelet-based deconvolution method is proposed to obtain a regularized solution of the problem. The method includes reconstructing the signal from the wavelet modulus maxima. For the purpose of maxima selection, the spatially selective noise filtration technique was used to distinguish modulus maxima produced by signal from the one created by noise. To test the method, sodium spectrum measured at a wide slit was deconvolved. He-Ne spectrum measured at the corresponding slit width was used as slit function. Sodium measured at a narrow slit was used as the reference spectrum. The deconvolutton result shows that this method can enhance the resolution of the degraded spectrum greatly.

Electronic Properties in a Hierarchical Multilayer Structure

We investigate electronic properties of a hierarchical multilayer structure consisting of stacking of barriers and wells. The structure is formed in a sequence of generations, each of which is constructed with the same pattern but with the previous generation as the basic building blocks. We calculate the transmission spectrum which shows the multifractal behavior for systems with large generation index. From the analysis of the average resistivity and the multifractal structure of the wavefunctions, we show that there exist different types of states exhibiting extended, localized and intermediate characteristics. The degree of localization is sensitive to the variation of the structural parameters.Suggestion of the possible experimental realization is discussed.

Multi-agent System Optimized Reconfiguration of Shipboard Power System

Reconfigurability of the electrical network in a shipboard power system （SPS） after its failure is central to the restoration of power supply and improves survivability of an SPS. The navigational process creates a sequence of different operating conditions. The priority of some loads differs in changing operating conditions. After analyzing characteristics of typical SPS, a model was developed used a grade III switchboard and an environmental prioritizing agent （EPA） algorithm. This algorithm was chosen as it is logically and physically decentralized as well as multi-agent oriented. The EPA algorithm was used to decide on the dynamic load priority, then it selected the means to best meet the maximum power supply load. The simulation results showed that higher priority loads were the first to be restored. The system satisfied all necessary constraints, demonstrating the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method.

RECONFIGURABLE RDMA COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK OF MULTI-DSP

The processing speed of the communication between nodes in a parallel processor has become the major bottleneck of the processor's performance.RDMA(Remote Direct Memory Access) technology has drawn more attention recently due to its capability of transferring a larger amount of data, higher speed and reliability.4DSP(4 Digital Signal Processing) module comprised of Tiger-SHARC201 chip is connected by LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signal) circuits.This paper proposes a general and reconfigurable RDMA platform and its corresponding communication protocol with all the routes linked based on the zero copy.The protocol transfers message of DSP by interrupting of DMA and is applied on massive remote image impression, which reduces memory needs and working burden of CPU.The experiment results show this platform is efficient, flexible, and expandable of being integrated to a larger scale in the next development stages.

Statistical Reconstruction of the Antarctic Oscillation Index Based on Multiple Proxies

Based on multiple proxies from the Southern Hemisphere, an austral summer (December-January-February: DJF) Antarctic Oscillation Index (AAO) since 1500 A.D. was reconstructed with a focus on interannual to interdecadal variability (<50 a). By applying a multivariate regression method, the observational AAO-proxy relations were calibrated and cross-validated for the period of 1957 89. The regressions were employed to compute the DJF-AAO index for 1500 1956. To verify the results, the authors checked the explained variance (r 2 ), the reduction of error (RE), and the standard error (SE). Cross-validation was performed by applying a leave-one-out validation method. Over the entire reconstruction period, the mean values of r 2 , RE, and SE are 59.9%, 0.47, and 0.67, respectively. These statistics indicate that the DJF-AAO reconstruction is relatively skillful and reliable for the last ～460 years. The reconstructed AAO variations on the interannual and interdecadal timescales compare favorably with those of several shorter sea level pressure (SLP)-based AAO indices. The leading periods of the DJF-AAO index over the last 500 years are ～2.4, ～2.6, ～6.3, ～24.1, and ～37.6 years, all of which are significant at the 95% level as estimated by power spectral analysis.

Multi-scale prediction of MEMS gyroscope random drift based on EMD-SVR

To improve the prediction accuracy of micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS)gyroscope random drift series,a multi-scale prediction model based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)and support vector regression(SVR)is proposed.Firstly,EMD is employed to decompose the raw drift series into a finite number of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs)with the frequency descending successively.Secondly,according to the time-frequency characteristic of each IMF,the corresponding SVR prediction model is established based on phase space reconstruction.Finally,the prediction results are obtained by adding up the prediction results of all IMFs with equal weight.The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed model in random drift prediction of MEMS gyroscope.Compared with a single SVR model,the proposed model has higher prediction precision,which can provide the basis for drift error compensation of MEMS gyroscope.

Layers of the Determiner Phrase in Mandarin Chinese

There are three probabilities to claim that Mandarin Chinese has multiple Determiner Phrase （DP） structures： （1） Simpson （2001） takes “de” in nominal phrase as the head of the structure： “Zhangsan de shu” is a DP and “de” is the head D. In this theory, when “de” and demonstratives like “this/that” appear in the same structure, there is going to be a multiple DP structure. （2） Huang, Li ＆ Li （2008） take both pronouns and demonstratives as the heads of the appositive structures like “tamen zhe sange haizi”. In this opinion, Mandarin Chinese has Split-D structures like Italian, Hungarian and Greek. （3） It seems that a Mandarin DP could have double heads D when two determiners both appear in the same structure. In “renhe zhe lei wenti”, the determiners “renhe” and “zhe” both appear. The structure is going to be analyzed as a multiple DP or a Split-D structure. However, the paper proves that Mandarin Chinese has no multiple DP structures, not like Italian, Hungarian or Greek.