长链状无线传感网络的节点呈长链状分布。这种特殊的拓扑结构将导致数据碰撞概率增大、传输时延增加,且越靠近Sink节点的地方该现象越明显,这将影响Sink节点的数据接收,甚至导致整个网络的崩溃。针对长链状无线传感网络的链路特征,提出...长链状无线传感网络的节点呈长链状分布。这种特殊的拓扑结构将导致数据碰撞概率增大、传输时延增加,且越靠近Sink节点的地方该现象越明显,这将影响Sink节点的数据接收,甚至导致整个网络的崩溃。针对长链状无线传感网络的链路特征,提出了基于最大传输距离的路由半径自适应调节策略RAMD(Route-radius Adaptive with Max Transmission Distance)。该协议通过以PRR(Packet Receive Rate)及RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication)相结合的链路质量评估方法自适应调节路由半径,设计基于分级同步的冲突避免机制及基于最优传输距离的自适应路由调整策略。通过与典型的分层路由和顺序传输路由的性能对比的仿真,以及对200个节点的长链状无线网络的物理平台的搭建及测试表明,RAMD协议对简化路由选择、降低时延和减少数据冲突有显著的作用。展开更多
The security of quantum communication is based on the laws of quantum mechanics,which can resist attacks from any powerful classical and quantum computers.It has great potential in secure communication in the future.O...The security of quantum communication is based on the laws of quantum mechanics,which can resist attacks from any powerful classical and quantum computers.It has great potential in secure communication in the future.One well-known form of quantum communication is quantum key distribution(QKD),where random numbers are transmitted in the quantum channel to generate a shared key between two remote parties.展开更多
Lorentz curve fittings are applied to frequency distributions of the concentrations of O3, CO, NOx and SO2 recorded at the Jinsha regional atmospheric background station （JSH） from June 2006 to July 2007, and the pe...Lorentz curve fittings are applied to frequency distributions of the concentrations of O3, CO, NOx and SO2 recorded at the Jinsha regional atmospheric background station （JSH） from June 2006 to July 2007, and the peak concentrations of these species for the different seasons are obtained. The peak concentrations are considered to be representative of different background levels for certain processes. The peak concentrations are compared with the corresponding mean （median） concentrations, and the suitability and limitations of the mean （median） values as the background levels are discussed. The mean （median） values might represent the background concentrations in the region under some circumstances, but in other cases these values often underestimate or overestimate the true background concentrations owing to the transport of pollutants and other factors. The effects of air masses transported from different regions on the pollutant background concentrations are obtained by analyzing the 72-hour backward trajectories of air masses 100m above the ground at JSH, These trajectories are estimated using the HYSPLIT model and then clustered for the measurement period. The spatial distribution and seasonal variations of trajectories and the corresponding mean concentrations of O3, SO〉 NOx and CO for different clusters are analyzed. After filtering the seasonal changes in pollutant concentrations, the relative influences of air masses from different regions are obtained. The results show that JSH can be used to obtain the atmospheric background information of different air masses originating from or passing over the Yangtze River Delta, Central South China and the Jianghan Plain. Air masses from Central China, South China, and the western Yangtze River Delta contribute significantly to O3 at JSH. Air masses from the north and northeast of JSH （i.e., the Jianghan Plain, Huang-Huai Plain and North China Plain） and the south （Central South China） contribute significantly to SO2, CO and NOx concentrations. Air masses originating from the ocean often bring clean air. Air masses originating from high altitudes over northwestern regions often have lower CO and NO3 concentrations, lower relative humidity, and higher concentrations of O3 and SO2.展开更多
文摘长链状无线传感网络的节点呈长链状分布。这种特殊的拓扑结构将导致数据碰撞概率增大、传输时延增加,且越靠近Sink节点的地方该现象越明显,这将影响Sink节点的数据接收,甚至导致整个网络的崩溃。针对长链状无线传感网络的链路特征,提出了基于最大传输距离的路由半径自适应调节策略RAMD(Route-radius Adaptive with Max Transmission Distance)。该协议通过以PRR(Packet Receive Rate)及RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication)相结合的链路质量评估方法自适应调节路由半径,设计基于分级同步的冲突避免机制及基于最优传输距离的自适应路由调整策略。通过与典型的分层路由和顺序传输路由的性能对比的仿真,以及对200个节点的长链状无线网络的物理平台的搭建及测试表明,RAMD协议对简化路由选择、降低时延和减少数据冲突有显著的作用。
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2018B030325002)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0303700)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11974205)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Chip (ICFC)Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program
文摘The security of quantum communication is based on the laws of quantum mechanics,which can resist attacks from any powerful classical and quantum computers.It has great potential in secure communication in the future.One well-known form of quantum communication is quantum key distribution(QKD),where random numbers are transmitted in the quantum channel to generate a shared key between two remote parties.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2005CB4222002)Project of China Meteorological Administration (Grant No. GYHY[QX]200706005)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40705042)
文摘Lorentz curve fittings are applied to frequency distributions of the concentrations of O3, CO, NOx and SO2 recorded at the Jinsha regional atmospheric background station （JSH） from June 2006 to July 2007, and the peak concentrations of these species for the different seasons are obtained. The peak concentrations are considered to be representative of different background levels for certain processes. The peak concentrations are compared with the corresponding mean （median） concentrations, and the suitability and limitations of the mean （median） values as the background levels are discussed. The mean （median） values might represent the background concentrations in the region under some circumstances, but in other cases these values often underestimate or overestimate the true background concentrations owing to the transport of pollutants and other factors. The effects of air masses transported from different regions on the pollutant background concentrations are obtained by analyzing the 72-hour backward trajectories of air masses 100m above the ground at JSH, These trajectories are estimated using the HYSPLIT model and then clustered for the measurement period. The spatial distribution and seasonal variations of trajectories and the corresponding mean concentrations of O3, SO〉 NOx and CO for different clusters are analyzed. After filtering the seasonal changes in pollutant concentrations, the relative influences of air masses from different regions are obtained. The results show that JSH can be used to obtain the atmospheric background information of different air masses originating from or passing over the Yangtze River Delta, Central South China and the Jianghan Plain. Air masses from Central China, South China, and the western Yangtze River Delta contribute significantly to O3 at JSH. Air masses from the north and northeast of JSH （i.e., the Jianghan Plain, Huang-Huai Plain and North China Plain） and the south （Central South China） contribute significantly to SO2, CO and NOx concentrations. Air masses originating from the ocean often bring clean air. Air masses originating from high altitudes over northwestern regions often have lower CO and NO3 concentrations, lower relative humidity, and higher concentrations of O3 and SO2.
