中山医科大学大学生死因分析及预防对策探讨

目的：通过分析大学生死因有针对性地做好大学生的健康保健工作。方法：采用该校保健科学生休学、退学和死亡登记以及学籍管理登记资料对该校１９５６～１９９５年４０年间在校的大学生进行了死因回顾性调查。结果：显示我校大学生总死亡率为０．３３‰。死因顺位以自杀占首位，其次为精神分裂症、意外死亡和恶性肿瘤。各阶段死因不同，早期以病死为主，后期以自杀死亡为主。结论：加强大学生的心理保健和乙型肝炎（乙肝）防治工作，有利于降低大学生因自杀和肝癌的死亡率。

The clinical effects of DC-CIK cells combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and therapeutic effects of autologous dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine-induced killer cells (DC-CIK) combined with chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Fifty patients with advanced NSCLC (stages III to IV), who had received therapies in our Center (Department of Biotherapy, Affiliated to Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China) from August 2008 to January 2010, were treated by DC-CIK + chemotherapy as the combined treatment group; fifty advanced NSCLC patients treated with chemotherapy at the same time served as controls. The immunologic function, short-term therapeutic effects, the 1-year survival rate, the life quality, the chemotherapy side effects were compared between the two groups, the safety and therapeutic effects of DC-CIK cells therapy were observed too. Results: There was no obvious change of subsets of T cells in peripheral blood before and after therapy in DC-CIK + chemotherapy group, and IFN-γ was improved after therapy in this group (P < 0.05); in chemotherapy alone group, the ratios of CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD56+ cells and the secretion of IL-2, TNF-α decreased significantly after therapy (P < 0.05); the ratios of CD3+CD8+, CD3+CD56+ were improved after cell culture (P < 0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) of DC-CIK + chemotherapy group was higher than that in the chemotherapy alone group (78.0% vs 56.0%, P < 0.05); the 1-year survival rates of DC-CIK + chemotherapy group and chemotherapy alone group were 50% and 44% respectively, had no significant difference. Compared with chemotherapy alone group, the occurrence of chemotherapy side effects (including bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting, peripheral nerve toxicity) was less in the DC-CIK + chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). The physical and appetite were better in DC-CIK + chemotherapy group after therapy. Conclusion: To compare with simple chemotherapy, DC-CIK + chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC is safe and effective, and it can improve patients' life quality and remission rate, and prolong their survival time.

The diagnostic value of transrectal ultrasonographic features in prostate cancer

Objective:The aim of the study was to detect the valuable ultrasonographic features in diagnosing prostate cancer.Methods:The patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound in the period from May 2005 to October 2009 at the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,China,were included,with needle biopsy diagnosis for patients with the prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia.Seventy-four cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma,compared with 51 cases diagnosed as prostatic hyperplasia.Retrospective analysis of patients with transrectal ultrasound were done,comparing the difference between the two groups in the echo level (hypoechogenic),outlines (ill-defined margin),posterior acoustic attenuation,periphery halo,microcalcification incidence,the blood supply level,peak systolic velocity (Vs) and resistance index (RI).Results:The ratios of hypoechogenic lesions in the prostate cancer group and prostatic hyperplasia group were 56.76% and 35.90%,respectively (P<0.05),the ratios of irregular outlines were 85.14% and 15.38% respectively (P<0.05),the ratios of microcalcification were 39.19% and 10.26%,respectively (P < 0.05),the ratios of posterior acoustic attenuation were 41.89% and 12.82%,respectively (P<0.05),and the ratios of periphery halo were 35.14% and 38.46% respectively (P>0.05).Vs of the two groups were (44.00 ± 15.30) cm/s and (17.32 ± 4.65) cm/s,respectively (P<0.05).RI of the two groups were 0.76 ± 0.10,and 0.51 ± 0.03 respectively (P<0.05).The significant correlation was designated in the blood supply level between the prostate cancer group and prostatic hyperplasia group (r=-0.388,P<0.01).Higher revascularization grade was seen in the prostate cancer group compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia group.Conclusion:(1) The significant roles for diagnosing prostate cancer are hypoechogenic,irregular outlines,spiculation,microcalcification,high revascularization grade,posterior acoustic attenuation,high Vs and high RI.(2) It could not help in diagnosing prostate cancer with ultrasonographic periphery halo or not.

Single-cell atlas of domestic pig cerebral cortex and hypothalamus

The brain of the domestic pig(Sus scrofa domesticus)has drawn considerable attention due to its high similarities to that of humans.However,the cellular compositions of the pig brain(PB)remain elusive.Here we investigated the single-nucleus transcriptomic profiles of five regions of the PB(frontal lobe,parietal lobe,temporal lobe,occipital lobe,and hypothalamus)and identified 21 cell subpopulations.The cross-species comparison of mouse and pig hypothalamus revealed the shared and specific gene expression patterns at the single-cell resolution.Furthermore,we identified cell types and molecular pathways closely associated with neurological disorders,bridging the gap between gene mutations and pathogenesis.We reported,to our knowledge,the first single-cell atlas of domestic pig cerebral cortex and hypothalamus combined with a comprehensive analysis across species,providing extensive resources for future research regarding neural science,evolutionary developmental biology,and regenerative medicine.