[Objective] The aim was to provide information for the breeding of wheat in China.[Method] 64 wheat cultivars from Australia were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to determine their high molecular weight（HMW） glutenin subunit c...[Objective] The aim was to provide information for the breeding of wheat in China.[Method] 64 wheat cultivars from Australia were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to determine their high molecular weight（HMW） glutenin subunit combinations.Then,the cultivars had good HMW-GS were screened.[Result] A total of nine alleles were identified at Glu-1.Glu-A1 encoded two subunits,1 and null subunit,and 1 was the major type,the frequency was 59.37%;Glu-B1 encoded five subunits,7,7＋8,7＋9,14＋15,17＋18,and 7＋8 was the major type,the frequency was 56.2%;Glu-D1 encoded two subunits,2＋12,5＋10,and 2＋12 was the major type,the frequency was 70.3%.Furthermore,12 subunit combinations were detected,and the composition of ＂1,2＋12,7＋8＂ was the major type.The quality scores of these cultivars ranged from 4 to 10,with an average of 7.4.[Conclusion] The quality of these varieties was good.展开更多
The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making ide...The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.展开更多
基金Supported by National wheat industry,modern agriculture technolo-gy system (CARS-03)China Ministry of Science and Technologyunder Contract (2009CB118300)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to provide information for the breeding of wheat in China.[Method] 64 wheat cultivars from Australia were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to determine their high molecular weight（HMW） glutenin subunit combinations.Then,the cultivars had good HMW-GS were screened.[Result] A total of nine alleles were identified at Glu-1.Glu-A1 encoded two subunits,1 and null subunit,and 1 was the major type,the frequency was 59.37%;Glu-B1 encoded five subunits,7,7＋8,7＋9,14＋15,17＋18,and 7＋8 was the major type,the frequency was 56.2%;Glu-D1 encoded two subunits,2＋12,5＋10,and 2＋12 was the major type,the frequency was 70.3%.Furthermore,12 subunit combinations were detected,and the composition of ＂1,2＋12,7＋8＂ was the major type.The quality scores of these cultivars ranged from 4 to 10,with an average of 7.4.[Conclusion] The quality of these varieties was good.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41006082)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20090461272)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups(No.40821004)
文摘The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.
