After World War II,the choice of the plutonium bomb as the technology roadmap for the first French atomic bomb was not a military issue,but rather one guided by civilian nuclear technology policy.After consideration o...After World War II,the choice of the plutonium bomb as the technology roadmap for the first French atomic bomb was not a military issue,but rather one guided by civilian nuclear technology policy.After consideration of the amount of uranium to be mined,technical reserves,and the financial situation,the civilian nuclear energy project of the Commissariatàl’énergie Atomique(CEA)was based on plutonium and natural uranium as the fissile materials,which indirectly provided enough plutonium for the future development of a nuclear weapon.When the Fourth Republic decided to develop the atomic bomb,a“Common Core”was established with the CEA,a public institution,as the lead,assisted by the military.Faced by the US embargo of nuclear weapons technology,the co-existence of civilian and military branches and their collaboration to some degree in the CEA not only made it a civilian-military complex,but also facilitated breakthroughs in the core technologies of implosion,the plutonium core,the tamper,and the neutron source.The success of the first French nuclear weapons test on February 13,1960,announced that France was on its way to becoming self-reliant in the military use of nuclear science.展开更多
基金a phase study of a key project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan of the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences:“A Comparative Study of the Sino-Foreign History of Scientific and Technological Innovation:The Road to Scientific and Technological Self-Reliance and Self-Improvement”(中外科技创新史比较研究——科技自立自强之路)(E2291J01)
文摘After World War II,the choice of the plutonium bomb as the technology roadmap for the first French atomic bomb was not a military issue,but rather one guided by civilian nuclear technology policy.After consideration of the amount of uranium to be mined,technical reserves,and the financial situation,the civilian nuclear energy project of the Commissariatàl’énergie Atomique(CEA)was based on plutonium and natural uranium as the fissile materials,which indirectly provided enough plutonium for the future development of a nuclear weapon.When the Fourth Republic decided to develop the atomic bomb,a“Common Core”was established with the CEA,a public institution,as the lead,assisted by the military.Faced by the US embargo of nuclear weapons technology,the co-existence of civilian and military branches and their collaboration to some degree in the CEA not only made it a civilian-military complex,but also facilitated breakthroughs in the core technologies of implosion,the plutonium core,the tamper,and the neutron source.The success of the first French nuclear weapons test on February 13,1960,announced that France was on its way to becoming self-reliant in the military use of nuclear science.
