AIM： To investigate the structural and biochemical changes in the early stage of reperfusion in the rat livers exposed to lobar ischemia-reperfusion （IR）. METHODS： The median and left lobes of the liver were subje...AIM： To investigate the structural and biochemical changes in the early stage of reperfusion in the rat livers exposed to lobar ischemia-reperfusion （IR）. METHODS： The median and left lobes of the liver were subjected to 60 min ischemia followed by 5, 10, 30, 45, 60 and 120 min reperfusion. Blood samples were taken at different time intervals to test enzyme activities and biochemical alterations induced by reperfusion. At the end of each reperfusion period, the animals were killed by euthanasia and tissue samples were taken for histological examination and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Cell vacuolation, bleb formation and focal hepatitis were the most important changes occur during ischemia. While some changes including bleb formation were removed during reperfusion, other alterations including portal hepatitis, inflammation and the induction of apoptosis were seen during this stage. The occurrence of apoptosis, as demonstrated by apoptotic cells and bodies, was the most important histological change during reperfusion. The severity of apoptosis was dependent on the time of reperfusion, and by increasing the time of reperfusion, the numbers of apoptotic bodies was significantly enhanced. The amounts of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransfrase, creatinine and urea were significantly increased in serum obtained from animals exposed to hepatic IR. CONCLUSION： Inflammation and subsequent apoptotic cell death were the most important changes in early-stage hepatic reperfusion injury, and the number of apoptotic bodies increased with time of reperfusion.展开更多
Back pain is a worldwide health problem, adding a tremendous burden to modern societies. However, little information on back health is available in China, even though a quarter of the world＇s population is Chinese. T...Back pain is a worldwide health problem, adding a tremendous burden to modern societies. However, little information on back health is available in China, even though a quarter of the world＇s population is Chinese. To enhance knowledge in this area, we designed and initiated the Hangzhou Lumbar Spine Study, which is a cross-sectional study of a general sample of mainland Chinese with focusing on disc degeneration, Modic changes, endplate lesions, and back pain. The study consists of a structured questionnaire to measure back pain history and lifetime exposure to suspected risk factors, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine, bone mineral density study of the spine and hip, and DNA sample analysis. Here we briefly introduce the study methodology, report the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire, and describe the cohort profile to date. Since May 2014, 301 randomly selected subjects（male/female, 122/179; mean age, 51.0 years; range, 20–87 years） have been recruited. Tests-retests of the questionnaire, completed by 40 participants, revealed good reliability. To our knowledge, the Hangzhou Lumbar Spine Study is the first population-based epidemiological study conducted to characterize lumbar spinal phenotypes and back pain, their interaction, and their associations with lifetime environmental exposure, in mainland Chinese. Epidemiological information obtained from a reliable questionnaire, magnetic resonance（MR） imaging data, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry（DXA） measurements, and DNA analysis may serve as a valuable reference for future studies on back health, particularly for mainland Chinese.展开更多
All cancers arise as a result of abnormalities occurring in the DNA sequence of cancer cells, and we are now stepping into an era in which it is feasible to obtain the complete DNA sequence of large cohorts of cancer ...All cancers arise as a result of abnormalities occurring in the DNA sequence of cancer cells, and we are now stepping into an era in which it is feasible to obtain the complete DNA sequence of large cohorts of cancer patients. The International Cancer Genome Consortium （ICGC） launched in 2007 is devoted to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumors from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes and systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes. Several participant groups have summa- rized and published their data for various cancers. As the active members of ICGC, Chinese cancer genome investi- gators have contributed research for 13 tumor types and released some research articles about esophageal, liver, bladder, and kidney cancers. As genetic alterations in thousands of tumors have now been catalogued, the pan- cancer analysis has become ICGC at present. The ICGC the most significant role of research network will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define molecular subtypes for clinicalimplication, and enable the development of individual therapeutics for human cancers.展开更多
基金Supported by University of Tehran,Vice chancellor forresearch and technology
文摘AIM： To investigate the structural and biochemical changes in the early stage of reperfusion in the rat livers exposed to lobar ischemia-reperfusion （IR）. METHODS： The median and left lobes of the liver were subjected to 60 min ischemia followed by 5, 10, 30, 45, 60 and 120 min reperfusion. Blood samples were taken at different time intervals to test enzyme activities and biochemical alterations induced by reperfusion. At the end of each reperfusion period, the animals were killed by euthanasia and tissue samples were taken for histological examination and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Cell vacuolation, bleb formation and focal hepatitis were the most important changes occur during ischemia. While some changes including bleb formation were removed during reperfusion, other alterations including portal hepatitis, inflammation and the induction of apoptosis were seen during this stage. The occurrence of apoptosis, as demonstrated by apoptotic cells and bodies, was the most important histological change during reperfusion. The severity of apoptosis was dependent on the time of reperfusion, and by increasing the time of reperfusion, the numbers of apoptotic bodies was significantly enhanced. The amounts of lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransfrase, creatinine and urea were significantly increased in serum obtained from animals exposed to hepatic IR. CONCLUSION： Inflammation and subsequent apoptotic cell death were the most important changes in early-stage hepatic reperfusion injury, and the number of apoptotic bodies increased with time of reperfusion.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81371995)the Key Platform Project of the Health Department of Zhejiang Province(No.2015ZDA014)the 2015 Qianjiang Talent Program of Zhejiang Province,China
文摘Back pain is a worldwide health problem, adding a tremendous burden to modern societies. However, little information on back health is available in China, even though a quarter of the world＇s population is Chinese. To enhance knowledge in this area, we designed and initiated the Hangzhou Lumbar Spine Study, which is a cross-sectional study of a general sample of mainland Chinese with focusing on disc degeneration, Modic changes, endplate lesions, and back pain. The study consists of a structured questionnaire to measure back pain history and lifetime exposure to suspected risk factors, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine, bone mineral density study of the spine and hip, and DNA sample analysis. Here we briefly introduce the study methodology, report the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire, and describe the cohort profile to date. Since May 2014, 301 randomly selected subjects（male/female, 122/179; mean age, 51.0 years; range, 20–87 years） have been recruited. Tests-retests of the questionnaire, completed by 40 participants, revealed good reliability. To our knowledge, the Hangzhou Lumbar Spine Study is the first population-based epidemiological study conducted to characterize lumbar spinal phenotypes and back pain, their interaction, and their associations with lifetime environmental exposure, in mainland Chinese. Epidemiological information obtained from a reliable questionnaire, magnetic resonance（MR） imaging data, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry（DXA） measurements, and DNA analysis may serve as a valuable reference for future studies on back health, particularly for mainland Chinese.
基金supported by the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(81402300)
文摘All cancers arise as a result of abnormalities occurring in the DNA sequence of cancer cells, and we are now stepping into an era in which it is feasible to obtain the complete DNA sequence of large cohorts of cancer patients. The International Cancer Genome Consortium （ICGC） launched in 2007 is devoted to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumors from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes and systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes. Several participant groups have summa- rized and published their data for various cancers. As the active members of ICGC, Chinese cancer genome investi- gators have contributed research for 13 tumor types and released some research articles about esophageal, liver, bladder, and kidney cancers. As genetic alterations in thousands of tumors have now been catalogued, the pan- cancer analysis has become ICGC at present. The ICGC the most significant role of research network will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define molecular subtypes for clinicalimplication, and enable the development of individual therapeutics for human cancers.
