A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-lin...A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-line taxi hailing management work. Taking Shenzhen as an example, multi- source data such as on-line taxi license plate data, plate identification data and taxi (including on-line taxis) operation data are combined with the results of the stated preference (SP) survey on taxi operating characteristics to assess the overall operation characteristics of on-line taxis. The results show that the current on-line taxis in Shenzhen can be divided into three categories, that is, full-time on-line taxis, non- active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis, accounting for 4%, 55%, and 41%, respectively, of the total quantity. In terms of the characteristics of space-time operations, full-time on-line taxis have similar operating characteristics as those of traditional taxis; the operation of non-active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis coincides with commuting requirements during morning and evening peak hours. However, part-time on-line taxis operate for a much longer time period at night. Due to the convenient hailing and favorable price, on-line taxis have a significant impact on trip modes of citizens; and the substitution eflbct of on-line taxis on traditional buses and cruising taxis is obvious. It is beneficial for helping the government departments to objectively understand the development law of the on-line taxi industry and providing decision reference for the formulation of relevant management policies during the critical development stage of on-line taxi industry.展开更多
Method development has always been and will continue to be a core driving force of microbiome science, In this perspective, we argue that in the next decade, method development in microbiome analysis will be driven by...Method development has always been and will continue to be a core driving force of microbiome science, In this perspective, we argue that in the next decade, method development in microbiome analysis will be driven by three key changes in both ways of thinking and technological platforms: ① a shift from dissecting microbiota structure by sequencing to tracking microbiota state, function, and intercellular interaction via imaging; ② a shift from interrogating a consortium or population of cells to probing individual cells; and ③a shift from microbiome data analysis to microbiome data science. Some of the recent methoddevelopment efforts by Chinese microbiome scientists and their international collaborators that underlie these technological trends are highlighted here. It is our belief that the China Microbiome Initiative has the opportunity to deliver outstanding "Made-in-China" tools to the international research community, by building an ambitious, competitive, and collaborative program at the forefront of method development for microbiome science.展开更多
To obtain the platform s big data analytics support,manufacturers in the traditional retail channel must decide whether to use the direct online channel.A retail supply chain model and a direct online supply chain mod...To obtain the platform s big data analytics support,manufacturers in the traditional retail channel must decide whether to use the direct online channel.A retail supply chain model and a direct online supply chain model are built,in which manufacturers design products alone in the retail channel,while the platform and manufacturer complete the product design in the direct online channel.These two models are analyzed using the game theoretical model and numerical simulation.The findings indicate that if the manufacturers design capabilities are not very high and the commission rate is not very low,the manufacturers will choose the direct online channel if the platform s technical efforts are within an interval.When the platform s technical efforts are exogenous,they positively influence the manufacturers decisions;however,in the endogenous case,the platform s effect on the manufacturers is reflected in the interaction of the commission rate and cost efficiency.The manufacturers and the platform should make synthetic effort decisions based on the manufacturer s development capabilities,the intensity of market competition,and the cost efficiency of the platform.展开更多
Using the wave model WAVEWATCH III(WW3), we simulated the generation and propagation of typhoon waves in the South China Sea and adjacent areas during the passage of typhoon Nesat(2011). In the domain 100°–145...Using the wave model WAVEWATCH III(WW3), we simulated the generation and propagation of typhoon waves in the South China Sea and adjacent areas during the passage of typhoon Nesat(2011). In the domain 100°–145°E and 0°–35°N, the model was forced by the cross-calibrated multi-platform(CCMP) wind fi elds of September 15 to October 5, 2011. We then validated the simulation results against wave radar data observed from an oil platform and altimeter data from the Jason-2 satellite. The simulated waves were characterized by fi ve points along track using the Spectrum Integration Method(SIM) and the Spectrum Partitioning Method(SPM), by which wind sea and swell components of the 1D and 2D wave spectra are separated. There was reasonable agreement between the model results and observations, although the WW3 wave model may underestimate swell wave height. Signifi cant wave heights are large along the typhoon track and are noticeably greater on the right of the track than on the left. Swells from the east are largely unable to enter the South China Sea because of the obstruction due to the Philippine Islands. During the initial stage and later period of the typhoon, swells at the fi ve points were generated by the propagation of waves that were created by typhoons Haitang and Nalgae. Of the two methods, the 2D SPM method is more accurate than the 1D SIM which overestimates the separation frequency under low winds, but the SIM method is more convenient because it does not require wind speed and wave direction. When the typhoon left the area, the wind sea fractions decreased rapidly. Under similar wind conditions, the points located in the South China Sea are affected less than those points situated in the open sea because of the infl uence of the complex internal topography of the South China Sea. The results reveal the characteristic wind sea and swell features of the South China Sea and adjacent areas in response to typhoon Nesat, and provide a reference for swell forecasting and offshore structural designs.展开更多
Technological advances in computer science and their application in our daily life allow us to improve our understanding of problems and solve them effectively.A system design to detect people with fever and determine...Technological advances in computer science and their application in our daily life allow us to improve our understanding of problems and solve them effectively.A system design to detect people with fever and determine highrisk areas using infrared thermography and big data is presented.In order to detect people with fever,face detection algorithms of Viola-Jones and Kanade-Lucas are investigated,and comparison between them is presented using a training set of 406 thermal images and a test set of 2072 thermal images.Thermography analysis is performed on detected faces to obtain the temperature level on Celsius scale.With this information a sample database is created.To perform big data experimental analysis,Power Bi tool is used to determine the high-risk area.The experimental results show that Viola-Jones algorithm has a higher performance recognizing faces of thermal images than KanadeLucas,having a high detection rate,less false-positives rate and false-negatives rate.展开更多
DNS(domain name system) query log analysis has been a popular research topic in recent years. CLOPE, the represented transactional clustering algorithm, could be readily used for DNS query log mining. However, the alg...DNS(domain name system) query log analysis has been a popular research topic in recent years. CLOPE, the represented transactional clustering algorithm, could be readily used for DNS query log mining. However, the algorithm is inefficient when processing large scale data. The MR-CLOPE algorithm is proposed, which is an extension and improvement on CLOPE based on Map Reduce. Different from the previous parallel clustering method, a two-stage Map Reduce implementation framework is proposed. Each of the stage is implemented by one kind Map Reduce task. In the first stage, the DNS query logs are divided into multiple splits and the CLOPE algorithm is executed on each split. The second stage usually tends to iterate many times to merge the small clusters into bigger satisfactory ones. In these two stages, a novel partition process is designed to randomly spread out original sub clusters, which will be moved and merged in the map phrase of the second phase according to the defined merge criteria. In such way, the advantage of the original CLOPE algorithm is kept and its disadvantages are dealt with in the proposed framework to achieve more excellent clustering performance. The experiment results show that MR-CLOPE is not only faster but also has better clustering quality on DNS query logs compared with CLOPE.展开更多
The Strait of Khuran is among the most important marine habitats in the Persian Gulf. It is the location of the largest Avicennia Marina mangroves along the Persian Gulf shoreline and is a major nursery region for the...The Strait of Khuran is among the most important marine habitats in the Persian Gulf. It is the location of the largest Avicennia Marina mangroves along the Persian Gulf shoreline and is a major nursery region for the fish and to breeding, wintering and migrant water birds. This paper presents dynamics of the currents in the Strait of Khuran using the current data collected by fixed current meters. The analysis of the data showed that the currents in the Strait of Khuran were highly dominated by tidal forcing with mixed semi diurnal behavior. The tidal currents were strong and reached to a maximum velocity of 123 cm/s in the spring tide. Tidal analysis showed that the tidal current constituents (M2, $2, N2, K1, O1) are dominant with M2 component as the major one. The tidal currents occurred basically along the strait. The results show a westward residual flow along the strait with an average of 5.6 cm/s during the study. The direction of the flow indicates that any pollution discharged into the industrial developing eastern part of the strait has the potential to affect the sensitive ecosystem in the western part.展开更多
This document reviews the development of adult education towards Hong Kong, Macao and the Overseas over the past 30 years in Jinan University, and puts forward ideas for the development under the background of"The Be...This document reviews the development of adult education towards Hong Kong, Macao and the Overseas over the past 30 years in Jinan University, and puts forward ideas for the development under the background of"The Belt and Road". Such as: Increase policy support and enhance the level of management services; Based on big data analytics, optimize the mode of talent training; Develop short-term training projects and promote online education; Establish brand awareness and improve teaching quality monitoring mechanisms.展开更多
This study explored HIV risk perception of university students. A descriptive study design amongst a convenience sample of registered students at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU), who gave voluntary...This study explored HIV risk perception of university students. A descriptive study design amongst a convenience sample of registered students at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU), who gave voluntary informed consent to participate, and with access to the student portal was employed. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical data. The Pearson correlation co-efficient (r) and Spearman's rank co-efficient were used to measure the strength or degree of the relationship between variables and identify the significance of the correlation between two variables respectively. Results indicate that males in the sample (n = 619) are more likely to acknowledge self-perceived risk than females. This paper concludes that management strategies should be put in place in all universities in order to help the students stay HIV negative. Unless HIV and AIDS are institutionalised, the management of risk behaviour will prove difficult.展开更多
Based on the fact that the house dust usually falls on the ground, the floor level slit exhaust ventilation system including inlet located at the ceiling and outlet of slit exhaust installed at comer between wall and ...Based on the fact that the house dust usually falls on the ground, the floor level slit exhaust ventilation system including inlet located at the ceiling and outlet of slit exhaust installed at comer between wall and floor was considered. Experiments and simulations were performed to investigate the flow and diffusion fields that are affected by this floor level slit exhaust ventilation system. The characteristics of airflow with experiments and computation fluid dynamics (CFD) are generally similar except airflow at the location of impinging flow and the location right below the inlet. Riboflavin particles were used as the house dust. For the spatial distribution of riboflavin particles in the ventilation system before operation, due to the influence of gravity, different sizes of particles show smooth decay curve. After floor level slit exhaust ventilation system is operated, the decay rate of the particles becomes faster than that after the ventilation system is powered on, and the particles with diameter of 0.5-3.0 μm in the experimental data and calculated values show good agreement.展开更多
To understand the impacts of large-scale circulation during the evolution of E1 Nifio cycle on tropical cyclones (TC) is important and useful for TC forecast. Based on best-track data from the Joint Typhoon Warning ...To understand the impacts of large-scale circulation during the evolution of E1 Nifio cycle on tropical cyclones (TC) is important and useful for TC forecast. Based on best-track data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and reanalysis data from National Centers for Environmental Prediction for the period 1975- 2014, we investigated the influences of two types of E1 Nifio, the eastern Pacific E1 Nifio (EP-E1 Nifio) and central Pacific E1 Nifio (CP-E1 Nifio), on global TC genesis. We also examined how various environmental factors contribute to these influences using a modified genesis potential index (MGPI). The composites reproduced for two types of E1 Nifio, from their developing to decaying phases, were able to qualitatively replicate observed cyclogenesis in several basins except for the Arabian Sea. Certain factors of MGPI with more influence than others in various regions are identified. Over the western North Pacific, five variables were all important in the two E1Nifio types during developing summer (July-August-September) and fall (October- November-December), and decaying spring (April-May-June) and summer. In the eastern Pacific, vertical shear and relative vorticity are the crucial factors for the two types of El Nifio during developing and decaying summers. In the Atlantic, vertical shear, potential intensity and relative humidity are important for the opposite variation of EP- and CP-EI Nifios during decaying summers. In the Southern Hemisphere, the five variables have varying contributions to TC genesis variation during peak season (January-February-March) for the two types of E1 Nifio. In the Bay of Bengal, relative vorticity, humidity and omega may be responsible for clearly reduced TC genesis during developing fall for the two types and slightly suppressed TC cyclogenesis during EP-E1 Nifio decaying spring. In the Arabian Sea, the EP-E1 Nifio generates a slightly positive anomaly of TC genesis during developing falls and decaying springs, but the MGPI failed to capture this variation.展开更多
This study is designed to explore the impact of LLS (Language Learning Styles) on learning strategy preferences through questionnaire and data analysis. The aim of the study is to make an through investigation of Ch...This study is designed to explore the impact of LLS (Language Learning Styles) on learning strategy preferences through questionnaire and data analysis. The aim of the study is to make an through investigation of Chinese non-English majors' learning styles and their learning strategies in English study, and to analyze the impact of learning styles on learning strategy preferences statistically so as to provide empirical evidence in this field, and then present some implications for college English teaching and learning in Chinese context. This study has significance for pedagogy. Teachers should make language learners aware of their own learning styles and strategy preferences and help them select strategies matching their own style preferences in second language learning. It is hoped that this study can benefit language teachers, learners, and researchers to some extent and can spark more teaching research in the future.展开更多
The aim of this work is to demonstrate how public university hospital (UH) managers can improve the process of decision-making by using the measurement of economic value added to the society (EVAS) generated by th...The aim of this work is to demonstrate how public university hospital (UH) managers can improve the process of decision-making by using the measurement of economic value added to the society (EVAS) generated by these organizations. Thus, the economic values of the organization and its departments were calculated, according to the theory studied: measurement model of economic result of Slomski (1996). It was considered the conduction of a case study in a public UH, evaluating its economic performance in a 3-year period. For the interpretation of results, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which categorized the departments of the hospital studied as efficient or inefficient was used. This study revealed that managers can improve the decision-making process by using the EVAS, since it has been established that this measurement of economic value has sensitivity to identify which of the economic value drivers should be emphasized in the management.展开更多
The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is a new-generation ultraspectral atmospheric sounding instrument mounted on the MetOp-A, the first operational polar-orbiting satellite developed by the Europea...The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is a new-generation ultraspectral atmospheric sounding instrument mounted on the MetOp-A, the first operational polar-orbiting satellite developed by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). It is an ultrahigh spectral-resolution atmospheric detector which can detect atmospheric chemical composition, temperature, and humidity profiles with high accuracy and resolution. In the present study, through comparative analyses of the similarities and differences between the IASI and the radiosonde observation (RAOB) water vapor data, and between the IASI and the Aqua-AIRS water vapor retrievals, a detailed and systematic assessment of the credibility of the IASI water vapor retrievals over the plateau region was made. A comparison of the IASI retrievals with the AIRS retrievals and the RAOB measurements over the Tibetan Plateau revealed that the IASI retrieval data are reliable and can be used for conducting further studies.展开更多
This paper is on the study of motivational changes of Chinese non-English major students in their first two years of college English learning. The current study was carried out through the quantitative research method...This paper is on the study of motivational changes of Chinese non-English major students in their first two years of college English learning. The current study was carried out through the quantitative research method. The research question to be addressed is:During the first two years of college English learning, does non-English majors' learning motivation (i.e. types of motivation and motivational intensity) change? The analyses of the data reveal that motivational changes do exist in the first two years of college English learning. Generally, most types of motivation (i.e. intrinsic interest motivation, information medium motivation, personal development motivation, and social responsibility motivation) decrease significantly except for the slight increase of immediate achievement motivation, and the decline of motivational intensity is also obvious.展开更多
This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management ...This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management of each plant and of the whole system. In the first part of this study, the features of the monitoring system that allows to monitor the operating parameters and to discover the issues before they actually become dangerous for the plant have been identified. The data collected in the different solar thermal systems realized in Italian jails have been analyzed. The results of these elaborations allowed us both to find out some anomalies of functioning of the plants, and to optimize the management of the whole plant in a more efficient way.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71641005)
文摘A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-line taxi hailing management work. Taking Shenzhen as an example, multi- source data such as on-line taxi license plate data, plate identification data and taxi (including on-line taxis) operation data are combined with the results of the stated preference (SP) survey on taxi operating characteristics to assess the overall operation characteristics of on-line taxis. The results show that the current on-line taxis in Shenzhen can be divided into three categories, that is, full-time on-line taxis, non- active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis, accounting for 4%, 55%, and 41%, respectively, of the total quantity. In terms of the characteristics of space-time operations, full-time on-line taxis have similar operating characteristics as those of traditional taxis; the operation of non-active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis coincides with commuting requirements during morning and evening peak hours. However, part-time on-line taxis operate for a much longer time period at night. Due to the convenient hailing and favorable price, on-line taxis have a significant impact on trip modes of citizens; and the substitution eflbct of on-line taxis on traditional buses and cruising taxis is obvious. It is beneficial for helping the government departments to objectively understand the development law of the on-line taxi industry and providing decision reference for the formulation of relevant management policies during the critical development stage of on-line taxi industry.
基金We are grateful to the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31425002, 91231205, 81430011, 61303161, 31470220, and 31327001), and the Frontier Science Research Program, the Soil-Microbe System Function and Regulation Program, and the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative (STS) from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
文摘Method development has always been and will continue to be a core driving force of microbiome science, In this perspective, we argue that in the next decade, method development in microbiome analysis will be driven by three key changes in both ways of thinking and technological platforms: ① a shift from dissecting microbiota structure by sequencing to tracking microbiota state, function, and intercellular interaction via imaging; ② a shift from interrogating a consortium or population of cells to probing individual cells; and ③a shift from microbiome data analysis to microbiome data science. Some of the recent methoddevelopment efforts by Chinese microbiome scientists and their international collaborators that underlie these technological trends are highlighted here. It is our belief that the China Microbiome Initiative has the opportunity to deliver outstanding "Made-in-China" tools to the international research community, by building an ambitious, competitive, and collaborative program at the forefront of method development for microbiome science.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071039)the Foundation of China Scholarship Council(No.202106090197)。
文摘To obtain the platform s big data analytics support,manufacturers in the traditional retail channel must decide whether to use the direct online channel.A retail supply chain model and a direct online supply chain model are built,in which manufacturers design products alone in the retail channel,while the platform and manufacturer complete the product design in the direct online channel.These two models are analyzed using the game theoretical model and numerical simulation.The findings indicate that if the manufacturers design capabilities are not very high and the commission rate is not very low,the manufacturers will choose the direct online channel if the platform s technical efforts are within an interval.When the platform s technical efforts are exogenous,they positively influence the manufacturers decisions;however,in the endogenous case,the platform s effect on the manufacturers is reflected in the interaction of the commission rate and cost efficiency.The manufacturers and the platform should make synthetic effort decisions based on the manufacturer s development capabilities,the intensity of market competition,and the cost efficiency of the platform.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2013AA122803)the Special Funds for Marine Commonweal Research(No.201305032)the ESA-MOST Dragon 3 Cooperation Program(No.10466)
文摘Using the wave model WAVEWATCH III(WW3), we simulated the generation and propagation of typhoon waves in the South China Sea and adjacent areas during the passage of typhoon Nesat(2011). In the domain 100°–145°E and 0°–35°N, the model was forced by the cross-calibrated multi-platform(CCMP) wind fi elds of September 15 to October 5, 2011. We then validated the simulation results against wave radar data observed from an oil platform and altimeter data from the Jason-2 satellite. The simulated waves were characterized by fi ve points along track using the Spectrum Integration Method(SIM) and the Spectrum Partitioning Method(SPM), by which wind sea and swell components of the 1D and 2D wave spectra are separated. There was reasonable agreement between the model results and observations, although the WW3 wave model may underestimate swell wave height. Signifi cant wave heights are large along the typhoon track and are noticeably greater on the right of the track than on the left. Swells from the east are largely unable to enter the South China Sea because of the obstruction due to the Philippine Islands. During the initial stage and later period of the typhoon, swells at the fi ve points were generated by the propagation of waves that were created by typhoons Haitang and Nalgae. Of the two methods, the 2D SPM method is more accurate than the 1D SIM which overestimates the separation frequency under low winds, but the SIM method is more convenient because it does not require wind speed and wave direction. When the typhoon left the area, the wind sea fractions decreased rapidly. Under similar wind conditions, the points located in the South China Sea are affected less than those points situated in the open sea because of the infl uence of the complex internal topography of the South China Sea. The results reveal the characteristic wind sea and swell features of the South China Sea and adjacent areas in response to typhoon Nesat, and provide a reference for swell forecasting and offshore structural designs.
文摘Technological advances in computer science and their application in our daily life allow us to improve our understanding of problems and solve them effectively.A system design to detect people with fever and determine highrisk areas using infrared thermography and big data is presented.In order to detect people with fever,face detection algorithms of Viola-Jones and Kanade-Lucas are investigated,and comparison between them is presented using a training set of 406 thermal images and a test set of 2072 thermal images.Thermography analysis is performed on detected faces to obtain the temperature level on Celsius scale.With this information a sample database is created.To perform big data experimental analysis,Power Bi tool is used to determine the high-risk area.The experimental results show that Viola-Jones algorithm has a higher performance recognizing faces of thermal images than KanadeLucas,having a high detection rate,less false-positives rate and false-negatives rate.
基金Project(61103046) supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(B201312) supported by DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program,China+1 种基金Project(LY14F020007) supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Funds of ChinaProject(2014A610072) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City,China
文摘DNS(domain name system) query log analysis has been a popular research topic in recent years. CLOPE, the represented transactional clustering algorithm, could be readily used for DNS query log mining. However, the algorithm is inefficient when processing large scale data. The MR-CLOPE algorithm is proposed, which is an extension and improvement on CLOPE based on Map Reduce. Different from the previous parallel clustering method, a two-stage Map Reduce implementation framework is proposed. Each of the stage is implemented by one kind Map Reduce task. In the first stage, the DNS query logs are divided into multiple splits and the CLOPE algorithm is executed on each split. The second stage usually tends to iterate many times to merge the small clusters into bigger satisfactory ones. In these two stages, a novel partition process is designed to randomly spread out original sub clusters, which will be moved and merged in the map phrase of the second phase according to the defined merge criteria. In such way, the advantage of the original CLOPE algorithm is kept and its disadvantages are dealt with in the proposed framework to achieve more excellent clustering performance. The experiment results show that MR-CLOPE is not only faster but also has better clustering quality on DNS query logs compared with CLOPE.
文摘The Strait of Khuran is among the most important marine habitats in the Persian Gulf. It is the location of the largest Avicennia Marina mangroves along the Persian Gulf shoreline and is a major nursery region for the fish and to breeding, wintering and migrant water birds. This paper presents dynamics of the currents in the Strait of Khuran using the current data collected by fixed current meters. The analysis of the data showed that the currents in the Strait of Khuran were highly dominated by tidal forcing with mixed semi diurnal behavior. The tidal currents were strong and reached to a maximum velocity of 123 cm/s in the spring tide. Tidal analysis showed that the tidal current constituents (M2, $2, N2, K1, O1) are dominant with M2 component as the major one. The tidal currents occurred basically along the strait. The results show a westward residual flow along the strait with an average of 5.6 cm/s during the study. The direction of the flow indicates that any pollution discharged into the industrial developing eastern part of the strait has the potential to affect the sensitive ecosystem in the western part.
文摘This document reviews the development of adult education towards Hong Kong, Macao and the Overseas over the past 30 years in Jinan University, and puts forward ideas for the development under the background of"The Belt and Road". Such as: Increase policy support and enhance the level of management services; Based on big data analytics, optimize the mode of talent training; Develop short-term training projects and promote online education; Establish brand awareness and improve teaching quality monitoring mechanisms.
文摘This study explored HIV risk perception of university students. A descriptive study design amongst a convenience sample of registered students at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU), who gave voluntary informed consent to participate, and with access to the student portal was employed. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical data. The Pearson correlation co-efficient (r) and Spearman's rank co-efficient were used to measure the strength or degree of the relationship between variables and identify the significance of the correlation between two variables respectively. Results indicate that males in the sample (n = 619) are more likely to acknowledge self-perceived risk than females. This paper concludes that management strategies should be put in place in all universities in order to help the students stay HIV negative. Unless HIV and AIDS are institutionalised, the management of risk behaviour will prove difficult.
基金Project supported by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan Project(DUT10RC(3)103) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China+2 种基金 Project(20111027) supported by the Liaoning Provincial Scientific Research Foundation, China Key Project (2012BAJ02B05) supported by the Twelfth Five-Year National Technology Program of China Project supported by Dalian Municipal Construction Technology Program, China
文摘Based on the fact that the house dust usually falls on the ground, the floor level slit exhaust ventilation system including inlet located at the ceiling and outlet of slit exhaust installed at comer between wall and floor was considered. Experiments and simulations were performed to investigate the flow and diffusion fields that are affected by this floor level slit exhaust ventilation system. The characteristics of airflow with experiments and computation fluid dynamics (CFD) are generally similar except airflow at the location of impinging flow and the location right below the inlet. Riboflavin particles were used as the house dust. For the spatial distribution of riboflavin particles in the ventilation system before operation, due to the influence of gravity, different sizes of particles show smooth decay curve. After floor level slit exhaust ventilation system is operated, the decay rate of the particles becomes faster than that after the ventilation system is powered on, and the particles with diameter of 0.5-3.0 μm in the experimental data and calculated values show good agreement.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973Program)(No.2012CB417402)the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.LTO1510)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA11010102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41106018)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China(No.41421005)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406401)
文摘To understand the impacts of large-scale circulation during the evolution of E1 Nifio cycle on tropical cyclones (TC) is important and useful for TC forecast. Based on best-track data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center and reanalysis data from National Centers for Environmental Prediction for the period 1975- 2014, we investigated the influences of two types of E1 Nifio, the eastern Pacific E1 Nifio (EP-E1 Nifio) and central Pacific E1 Nifio (CP-E1 Nifio), on global TC genesis. We also examined how various environmental factors contribute to these influences using a modified genesis potential index (MGPI). The composites reproduced for two types of E1 Nifio, from their developing to decaying phases, were able to qualitatively replicate observed cyclogenesis in several basins except for the Arabian Sea. Certain factors of MGPI with more influence than others in various regions are identified. Over the western North Pacific, five variables were all important in the two E1Nifio types during developing summer (July-August-September) and fall (October- November-December), and decaying spring (April-May-June) and summer. In the eastern Pacific, vertical shear and relative vorticity are the crucial factors for the two types of El Nifio during developing and decaying summers. In the Atlantic, vertical shear, potential intensity and relative humidity are important for the opposite variation of EP- and CP-EI Nifios during decaying summers. In the Southern Hemisphere, the five variables have varying contributions to TC genesis variation during peak season (January-February-March) for the two types of E1 Nifio. In the Bay of Bengal, relative vorticity, humidity and omega may be responsible for clearly reduced TC genesis during developing fall for the two types and slightly suppressed TC cyclogenesis during EP-E1 Nifio decaying spring. In the Arabian Sea, the EP-E1 Nifio generates a slightly positive anomaly of TC genesis during developing falls and decaying springs, but the MGPI failed to capture this variation.
文摘This study is designed to explore the impact of LLS (Language Learning Styles) on learning strategy preferences through questionnaire and data analysis. The aim of the study is to make an through investigation of Chinese non-English majors' learning styles and their learning strategies in English study, and to analyze the impact of learning styles on learning strategy preferences statistically so as to provide empirical evidence in this field, and then present some implications for college English teaching and learning in Chinese context. This study has significance for pedagogy. Teachers should make language learners aware of their own learning styles and strategy preferences and help them select strategies matching their own style preferences in second language learning. It is hoped that this study can benefit language teachers, learners, and researchers to some extent and can spark more teaching research in the future.
文摘The aim of this work is to demonstrate how public university hospital (UH) managers can improve the process of decision-making by using the measurement of economic value added to the society (EVAS) generated by these organizations. Thus, the economic values of the organization and its departments were calculated, according to the theory studied: measurement model of economic result of Slomski (1996). It was considered the conduction of a case study in a public UH, evaluating its economic performance in a 3-year period. For the interpretation of results, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which categorized the departments of the hospital studied as efficient or inefficient was used. This study revealed that managers can improve the decision-making process by using the EVAS, since it has been established that this measurement of economic value has sensitivity to identify which of the economic value drivers should be emphasized in the management.
基金supported by the State Key Basic Research Development Program(Grant No.2012CB417204)the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(Meteorology) by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.GYHY200806007,GYHY201006014,and GYHY201206039)the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.41175064,40875022,and 40633016)
文摘The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is a new-generation ultraspectral atmospheric sounding instrument mounted on the MetOp-A, the first operational polar-orbiting satellite developed by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT). It is an ultrahigh spectral-resolution atmospheric detector which can detect atmospheric chemical composition, temperature, and humidity profiles with high accuracy and resolution. In the present study, through comparative analyses of the similarities and differences between the IASI and the radiosonde observation (RAOB) water vapor data, and between the IASI and the Aqua-AIRS water vapor retrievals, a detailed and systematic assessment of the credibility of the IASI water vapor retrievals over the plateau region was made. A comparison of the IASI retrievals with the AIRS retrievals and the RAOB measurements over the Tibetan Plateau revealed that the IASI retrieval data are reliable and can be used for conducting further studies.
文摘This paper is on the study of motivational changes of Chinese non-English major students in their first two years of college English learning. The current study was carried out through the quantitative research method. The research question to be addressed is:During the first two years of college English learning, does non-English majors' learning motivation (i.e. types of motivation and motivational intensity) change? The analyses of the data reveal that motivational changes do exist in the first two years of college English learning. Generally, most types of motivation (i.e. intrinsic interest motivation, information medium motivation, personal development motivation, and social responsibility motivation) decrease significantly except for the slight increase of immediate achievement motivation, and the decline of motivational intensity is also obvious.
文摘This paper describes how to achieve an efficient design and management of a tele-monitoring system of several solar thermal plants. The system will be able to make an analysis that assures a more efficient management of each plant and of the whole system. In the first part of this study, the features of the monitoring system that allows to monitor the operating parameters and to discover the issues before they actually become dangerous for the plant have been identified. The data collected in the different solar thermal systems realized in Italian jails have been analyzed. The results of these elaborations allowed us both to find out some anomalies of functioning of the plants, and to optimize the management of the whole plant in a more efficient way.