The corrosion and pitting behavior of pure aluminum 1060 exposed to Nansha Islands marine atmosphere for 34 months was investigated based on mass loss measurement,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive sp...The corrosion and pitting behavior of pure aluminum 1060 exposed to Nansha Islands marine atmosphere for 34 months was investigated based on mass loss measurement,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results indicated that serious pitting corrosion occurred on the surfaces of pure aluminum.The corrosion rate after exposure for 13 months was approximately 1.28 g/(m^(2)·a).The XPS results showed that the corrosion products were Al_(2)O_(3),Al(OH)_(3),and AlCl_(3).Moreover,the corrosion product layer was more protective than the native oxide film,and the protectiveness first increased and then decreased.Finally,the shape of the pits was evaluated using statistical analysis.展开更多
This study evaluates the performance of the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG,version 3(GAMIL3),in simulating the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO),based on the CMIP6(phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison ...This study evaluates the performance of the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG,version 3(GAMIL3),in simulating the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO),based on the CMIP6(phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project)AMIP(Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project)simulation.Results show that GAMIL3 reasonably captures the main features of the MJO,such as the eastward-propagating signal in the MJO frequency band,the symmetric and asymmetric structures of the MJO,several convectively coupled equatorial waves,and the MJO life cycle.However,GAMIL3 underestimates the MJO amplitude,especially for outgoing longwave radiation,as do most CMIP5 models,and simulates slow eastward propagation.展开更多
During last 45 years, two groups of the experimental data on critical heat flux were obtained in bare tubes, covering the pressures from atmosphere to near-critical point. One group of the data were obtained in the in...During last 45 years, two groups of the experimental data on critical heat flux were obtained in bare tubes, covering the pressures from atmosphere to near-critical point. One group of the data were obtained in the inner diameter of 2.32, 5.16, 8.05, 10.0 and 16.0 mm, respectively, with the ranges of pressure of 0.1-1.92 MPa, velocity of 1.47-23.3 m/s, local subcooling of 3.7-108.7 ℃ and heat flux of up to 38.3 MW/m2. Another group of the data were obtained in the inner diameter of 4.62, 7.98 and 10.89 mm, respectively, with the ranges of pressure of 1.7-20.6 MPa, mass flux of 454-4,055 kg/（m2.s） and inlet subcooling of 53-361 ℃. The results showed complicated effects of the pressure, mass flux, subcooling and diameter on the critical heat flux. They were formulated by two empirical correlations. A mechanistic model on the limit of heat transfer capability from the bubbly layer to the subcooled core was also proposed for all the results.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51671197)Special Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA130040502).
文摘The corrosion and pitting behavior of pure aluminum 1060 exposed to Nansha Islands marine atmosphere for 34 months was investigated based on mass loss measurement,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results indicated that serious pitting corrosion occurred on the surfaces of pure aluminum.The corrosion rate after exposure for 13 months was approximately 1.28 g/(m^(2)·a).The XPS results showed that the corrosion products were Al_(2)O_(3),Al(OH)_(3),and AlCl_(3).Moreover,the corrosion product layer was more protective than the native oxide film,and the protectiveness first increased and then decreased.Finally,the shape of the pits was evaluated using statistical analysis.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China grant number 2017YFA0603903the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant numbers 41622503 and 41775101。
文摘This study evaluates the performance of the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG,version 3(GAMIL3),in simulating the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO),based on the CMIP6(phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project)AMIP(Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project)simulation.Results show that GAMIL3 reasonably captures the main features of the MJO,such as the eastward-propagating signal in the MJO frequency band,the symmetric and asymmetric structures of the MJO,several convectively coupled equatorial waves,and the MJO life cycle.However,GAMIL3 underestimates the MJO amplitude,especially for outgoing longwave radiation,as do most CMIP5 models,and simulates slow eastward propagation.
文摘During last 45 years, two groups of the experimental data on critical heat flux were obtained in bare tubes, covering the pressures from atmosphere to near-critical point. One group of the data were obtained in the inner diameter of 2.32, 5.16, 8.05, 10.0 and 16.0 mm, respectively, with the ranges of pressure of 0.1-1.92 MPa, velocity of 1.47-23.3 m/s, local subcooling of 3.7-108.7 ℃ and heat flux of up to 38.3 MW/m2. Another group of the data were obtained in the inner diameter of 4.62, 7.98 and 10.89 mm, respectively, with the ranges of pressure of 1.7-20.6 MPa, mass flux of 454-4,055 kg/（m2.s） and inlet subcooling of 53-361 ℃. The results showed complicated effects of the pressure, mass flux, subcooling and diameter on the critical heat flux. They were formulated by two empirical correlations. A mechanistic model on the limit of heat transfer capability from the bubbly layer to the subcooled core was also proposed for all the results.
