以大洋之名 自驾FABIA SCOUT游大洋岛

从地图上看,这座岛屿似乎还没有一个港口大……能够载车的渡轮每天只往返一趟……岛上常住人口只有1万人,他们大多是渔民,过着自给自足的生活……大洋岛＂、＂大洋山＂、＂大洋镇＂,我们至今仍没弄清楚到底该怎么称呼这个靠近上海东海大桥尽头的小岛。当地的人干脆叫这里为＂大洋＂,所以这里既是岛,也是＂洋＂。这个称呼倒是形象地描绘出了自古以来这块土地上的人们终日与海为伍的生活方式。

波利尼西亚大洋岛玄武岩熔融体包体中的Pb同位素变化

大洋玄武岩的研究表明，地幔是一个同位素非均质体，但这些非均质体的性质、分布和规模存在有问题。熔融物向表面的聚集、岩浆喷发前在岩浆房的混合作用可以使聚集前熔融体的化学和同位素特征变得模糊。橄榄石为主的熔融体包体的痕量元素和常量元素研究在确定聚集前熔融体...

形形色色的海洋岛屿

世界上有海洋岛屿20多万个,总面积996.3万km^2,占地球陆地总面积的6.6%。它们分布在大陆边缘和大洋盆地的各个部位,无疑是观察海陆地质演化的难得窗口。凡是海洋国家都具有或多或少的岛屿,国土完全由岛屿组成的国家有42个。岛屿对于发展国家海洋经济有着得天独厚的区位优势,对于海洋疆界划分具有特殊的作用。因此,在国际海洋法公约生效和海洋世纪到来之时,海岛研究和开发倍受重视。海岛的成因类型不仅是涉及到地质理论,同时也是关系到资源评价和法律地位的问题,因此具有重要的理论和实用意义。传统的岛屿分类主要分为大陆岛、大洋岛(包括火山岛和珊瑚岛)及冲积岛。

“箭头”之行——嵊泗考察散记

如果把我国1.8万公里长的海岸线比作一张弓,那么,滔滔万里长江就是这满弓之上的一支箭。而地处长江口、杭州湾交汇处,扼沪、杭、甬海上交通要道的大洋岛及其周围岛屿则是这枝箭的"箭头"。

Concentrations and Distribution of Trace Metals of PM10 and TSP Particles Collected in the Qingdao Area

Aerosol samples of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 10μm) and TSP (total suspended particles) were simultaneously collected from April 2001 to March 2002 at the top of Mount Baguan on the downtown campus of Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China. The concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The monthly variability of the mass concentrations of aerosol particles and the concentrations of trace metals are presented and discussed. The distribution pattern of these metals in PM10 and TSP is also discussed. During the observation period, the mass concentration of PM10 at this site ranged from 13.80 to 306.42μgm-3 , while that of TSP ranged from 31.02 to 568.82μgm-3. Both PM10 and TSP reached their highest concentrations in springtime, while the lowest values occurred in summertime. The concentrations of crustal metals followed the same variation pattern, while those of anthropogenic metals did not. A closer examination led to the conclusion that anthropogenic metals are mainly from local sources. The average concentration ratios of anthropogenic metals in PM10 to TSP were higher than the average mass ratio of PM10 to TSP, suggesting that there was a higher proportion of anthropogenic metals on smaller particles although there were a few exceptions. For crustal metals, however, the metal concentration ratios were close to the particle mass ratio, indicating that the distribution of crustal metals was much more homogeneous on aerosol particles with different sizes. The correlation analysis indicated that Al, Fe and Mn were originated from similar sources and were mainly controlled by the particle mass, while Cu, Pb and Zn were predominated by local anthropogenic sources, with Pb and Zn having similar origins.

Screening of marine fungus from Nanji Island and activity of their metabolites against pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea

Seventy-eight marine fungal strains were isolated from sediment samples collected off the coast of Nanji Island, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Antibacterial screening using the agar disc method showed that 19 of the isolated strains could inhibit at least one pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea. Subsequent screening confirmed that nine strains produced antibacterial metabolites that had activity against one or several types of pathogenic Vibrio. Strain NJ0104 had the widest antimicrobial spectrum and strong activity, particularly against Fibrio parahaemolyticus-MM0810072. A preliminary study of N J0104 antibacterial metabolites demonstrated that they had thermal stability up to 80℃, ultraviolet stability up to 40 min and pH stability between 4.0-7.0. In addition, the antibacterial metabolites were readily soluble in butanol. To identify the specific strain, the ITS-5.8S rDNA regions of NJ0104 were PCR amplified and sequenced. Based on the combination of phenotypic and genotypic data, the strain was identified as Arthrinium sp.

Marine and Inland Water Resources in Eneolithic Communities. New Data from Sardinia （Italy）

This paper presents research aimed at identifying the methods with which prehistoric man interacted with marine and inland water environments. The objective is to determine the degree to which resources from these environments influenced the socio-economic organization of these peoples. The coastline around Cagliari and its hinterland （southern Sardinia, Italy） were chosen as the subject, on the basis of the presence of both the sea and several ponds. The territory is noted as being home to both Neolithic and Eneolithic settlements. Among these the archaeological excavation of the village of Su Coddu/Canelles produced a large quantity of malacofauna. Data has been processed from part of the settlement that gave radiocarbon dating from the period between 3640 and 2900 cal. BC, and in which it was possible to carry out the level of sampling that was necessary to complete the research. In particular this interdisciplinary project, which aims to make an overall study of the settlement, the data relating to the geography of the area, the archaeological documentation, the fauna and shell artefacts will be extrapolated. Numerous methods are applied above all in reference to the marines and ponds resources. Additionally, the morphological anatomical-comparative analysis （in order to determine the typology of the faunal remains and to identify each individual species） and the technological analysis of the manufactured shells （so as to detect the selection and the transformation type of raw materials） are accomplished. The research has led to the identification of a settlement model in which agriculture formed the primary means of subsistence, that was complemented by the rearing of livestock, through hunting and gathering. The exploitation of marine and inland waters resources, as food source, have to be important because 99% of the faunal remains are shells. Different shell species are recognized, among those the Ostrea edulis provides the raw material to produce bevelled objects, which are documented inside the settlement in considerable number. Some plant species, typical of the lagoon ecosystem, were used for building and craft production.

Diversity and Distribution of Tunicata （Urochordata）in Tobaao

The beautiful island of Tobago is the southernmost Caribbean island. The sister island of Trinidad belongs to the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Thirty-two species of tunicates were collected from Tobago from depths of 40 m or less and they were listed. Tunicates listed in this work were from collections made in 1956, 1991, 1993, 2002 and 2006 and although specimens were collected from the Atlantic Ocean side of the island and the Caribbean Sea side, all species turned out to be typical Caribbean species.

为大连鲜吹响集结号

用一种味道叫响一座城市,是大连几代餐饮人共同的梦想。9月27日,一场名为“大连味道,鲜誉中国”的品牌发布会终于让梦想照进了现实。据介绍,该发布会是由大连市商务局主办,海味当家、小船渔村、佳选好食材联盟、好食客筹委会、大连市创发企业商会餐饮分会等联合承办的,来自晓芹海参、獐子岛、壮元海、大洋岛、瑞驰集团等海产品供应链领域的200多位企业家共同参与发起了这场盛会。

今日塔拉瓦——读《浴血塔拉瓦》有感

《世界博览》上的文章《浴血塔拉瓦》(见1994年第8—9期),引起了我对塔拉瓦的回忆。文章叙述第二次世界大战中美日两军在塔拉瓦进行的恶战,双方付出的代价是战争史上罕见的。塔拉瓦是基里巴斯共和国的一个小岛。基里巴斯位于太平洋中部偏南,全国共33个岛屿,由吉尔伯特、菲尼克斯、莱恩三个群岛和大洋岛组成。

The effect of seafloor topography in the Southern Ocean on tabular iceberg drifting and grounding

Antarctic tabular icebergs are important active components in the ice sheet-ice shelf-ocean system.Seafloor topography is the key factor that affects the drifting and grounding of icebergs,but it has not been fully investigated.This study analyzes the impact of seafloor topography on the drifting and grounding of Antarctic tabular icebergs using Bedmap-2 datasets and iceberg route tracking data from Brigham Young University.The results highlight the following points.(1) The quantitative distributions of iceberg grounding events and the tracking points of grounded icebergs are mainly affected by iceberg draft and reach their peak values in sea water with depths between 200 m and 300 m.The peak tracking point number and linear velocity of free-drifting icebergs are found in the Antarctic Slope Front(water depth of approximately 500 m).(2) The area of possible grounding regions of small-scale icebergs calved from ice shelf fronts accounts for 28%of the sea area at water depths less than 2000 m outside the Antarctic coastline periphery(3.62 million km2).Their spatial distribution is mainly around East Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula.The area of possible grounding regions of large tabular icebergs with long axes larger than 18.5 km(in water depths of less than 800 m) accounts for 74%of the sea area.(3) The iceberg drifting velocity is positively correlated with ocean depth in areas where the depth is less than 2000 m(R=0.85,P<0.01).This result confirms the effect of water depth variations induced by seafloor topography fluctuations on iceberg drifting velocity.