The effects of zinc deficiency on the serum cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentration,and the cerebrum nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in rats were studied.Growing rats were allotted to three...The effects of zinc deficiency on the serum cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentration,and the cerebrum nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in rats were studied.Growing rats were allotted to three groups,which were zinc deficiency (ZD),paired fed (PF) and zinc supplementation after feeding zinc deficient food for 21 days (ZS).The duration of feed test was 35 days.Compared with PF rats,serum cortisol concentration in ZD ones was significantly increased,whereas serum ACTH concentration and cerebrum NOS activity were significantly decreased.The results suggested that zinc might influence the metabolism of hypothalamic hypophysial adrenocortical axis and NOS.展开更多
Objective:To observe the interfering action of Tongmai Huoxue Yin(通脉活血饮) on the acute cerebral ischemia model rat.Methods:Total 60 SD rats,30 females and 30 males,were randomly divided into 4 groups,sham-operatio...Objective:To observe the interfering action of Tongmai Huoxue Yin(通脉活血饮) on the acute cerebral ischemia model rat.Methods:Total 60 SD rats,30 females and 30 males,were randomly divided into 4 groups,sham-operation group,model group,Nimodipine group and Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,15 rats in each group.The acute cerebral ischemia rat model was duplicated,the middle cerebral artery(MCA) were ligated and the thread was inserted for the rats in the model group,Nimodipine group and Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,for the rats in the sham-operation group,the arteries were separated without ligature and the thread was not inserted.After the modeling has succeed,the water-decocted concentrated solution of 20-fold Tongmai Huoxue Yin clinical dosage was intragastrically administrated in a dose of 3 mL /100 g · d divided into twice,1.5 mL /100 g once.Distilled water 3 mL /100 g·d was intragastrically administrated,1.5 mL /100 g once,for the rat in the model group,Nimodipne suspension 3 mL /100 g·d(0.6 mg /100 g) for the Nimodipine group and 3 mL /100 g · d(5.4g /100 g) for the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,no drugs for the sham-operation group.And changes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) contents in the serum and brain tissue were investigated.Results:Compared with the model group,compared with the sham-operation group,serum TNF-α content at 5 h of focal cerebral ischemic ischemia in the model group started to increase and reached to the high peak at 12 h,but in both the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group and the Nimodipine group decreased in varying degrees at the same time;compared with the sham-operation group,brain TNF-α content at 6 h of focal cerebral ischemic ischemia in the model group started to increase and reached to the high peak at 12 h,but in both the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group and the Nimodipine group decreased in varying degrees,with the most obviously decreased at 24 h of ischemia.Tongmai Huoxue Yin could significantly decrease TNF-α content in the brain tissue.Conclusion:Tongmai Huoxue Yin has a protective action on acute cerebral ischemia injury in the rat.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the inhibitory effect of natural taurine （NTau） on portal hypertension （PHT） in rats with experimentally-induced liver cirrhosis （LC）. METHODS： Experimentally-induced LC Wistar rats （20 ra...AIM： To investigate the inhibitory effect of natural taurine （NTau） on portal hypertension （PHT） in rats with experimentally-induced liver cirrhosis （LC）. METHODS： Experimentally-induced LC Wistar rats （20 rats/group） were treated with either oral saline or oral NTau for 6 consecutive weeks. Evaluation parameters included portal venous pressure （PVP）, portal venous resistance （PVR）, portal venous flow （PVF）, splanchnic vascular resistance （SVR） and mean arterial pressure （NAP）. Vasoactive substance levels including nitric oxide （NO）, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） were also measured. Histological investigation of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen （COL Ⅰ and Ⅲ） and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） was also performed. RESULTS： Treatment with NTau （1） significantly decreased PVP, PVR and PVF, and increased MAP and SVP; （2） markedly increased the vascular compliance and reduced the zero-stress of the portal vein; （3） markedly decreased the amount of NO and cGMP and activity of NOS; and （4） improved the pathological status of the liver tissue and reduced the expression of COL Ⅰ, COL Ⅲ and TGF-β1. CONCLUSION： NTau inhibited the LC-induced PHT by improving hyperdynamic circulation, morphology of liver and biomechanical properties of the portal vein in experimentally-induced LC rats.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the activation （phosphorylation） and subcellular localization of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK1/2）, as well as the possible mechanism, following cerebral ischemia and ischem...Objective： To investigate the activation （phosphorylation） and subcellular localization of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK1/2）, as well as the possible mechanism, following cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in rat hippocampus. Methods： Transient brain ischemia was induced by the four-vessel occlusion method in Sprague-Dawley rats. Western blot analysis. Results： During cerebral ischemia without reperfusion ERK1/2 activation immediately increased with a peak at 5 min and then decreased in the cytosol fraction, which was paralleled by the increase of ERK1/2 activation in the nucleus fraction. During reperfusion, ERK1/2 was activated with peaks occurring at 10 min in the cytosol and at 30 min in the nucleus, respectively. Under those conditions, the protein expressions had no significant change. In order to clarify the possible mechanism of ERK1/2 activation, the rats were intraperitoneally administrated with N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor antagonist dextromethorphan （DM）, L-type voltage-gated Ca^2＋ channel （L-VGCC） antagonist nifedipine （ND） 20 rain before ischemia, finding that DM and ND markedly prevented ERK1/2 activation of nucleus fraction induced by reperfusion, not by ischemia. Conclusion： These results suggested that the nuclear translocation mainly occurred during ischemia, while ischemia-reperfusion induced ERK1/2 activation both in the cytosol and the nucleus. Two type calcium channels contributed, at least partially, to the activation of ERK1/2.展开更多
5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)compounds are a highly effective treatment for ulcerative colitis(UC).While UC patient compliance in clinical studies is over 90%, only 40%of patients in every day life take their prescribe...5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)compounds are a highly effective treatment for ulcerative colitis(UC).While UC patient compliance in clinical studies is over 90%, only 40%of patients in every day life take their prescribed therapy.Adherence to medication has been emphasized recently by a Cochrane meta-analysis that has suggested that future trials of 5-ASA in UC should look at patient compliance rather than drug efficacy. Better compliance can be obtained by reducing the number of tablets and times of administration.Given that the 5-ASA formulations have different delivery systems that split the active moiety in various regions of the intestine,it is particularly important that an adequate dose of the drug arrives at the inflamed part of the colon.5-ASA Multi matrix(MMx)is a novel,high strength(1.2 g),oral formulation designed for oncedaily dosing.It releases the active moiety throughout the colon.Different studies with this compound have shown that it is as effective as 5-ASA enema in the treatment of mild-to-moderate,left-sided UC,and is comparable to a pH-dependent,delayed release 5-ASA (Asacol ),even if given once daily.Recently,the effectiveness in the acute phase of UC has been confirmed also in maintenance.In conclusion,at present,5-ASA MMx seems theoretically the best agent for maintaining patient compliance,and consequently,treatment effectiveness.展开更多
基金SupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No 3970 0 12 0 )andbyNationalEducationMinistrygrants (No A9410 7)
文摘The effects of zinc deficiency on the serum cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) concentration,and the cerebrum nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in rats were studied.Growing rats were allotted to three groups,which were zinc deficiency (ZD),paired fed (PF) and zinc supplementation after feeding zinc deficient food for 21 days (ZS).The duration of feed test was 35 days.Compared with PF rats,serum cortisol concentration in ZD ones was significantly increased,whereas serum ACTH concentration and cerebrum NOS activity were significantly decreased.The results suggested that zinc might influence the metabolism of hypothalamic hypophysial adrenocortical axis and NOS.
基金supported by Research Plan Project of Natural Science of the Education Bureau of Henan Province, China (No. 2009A360004)
文摘Objective:To observe the interfering action of Tongmai Huoxue Yin(通脉活血饮) on the acute cerebral ischemia model rat.Methods:Total 60 SD rats,30 females and 30 males,were randomly divided into 4 groups,sham-operation group,model group,Nimodipine group and Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,15 rats in each group.The acute cerebral ischemia rat model was duplicated,the middle cerebral artery(MCA) were ligated and the thread was inserted for the rats in the model group,Nimodipine group and Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,for the rats in the sham-operation group,the arteries were separated without ligature and the thread was not inserted.After the modeling has succeed,the water-decocted concentrated solution of 20-fold Tongmai Huoxue Yin clinical dosage was intragastrically administrated in a dose of 3 mL /100 g · d divided into twice,1.5 mL /100 g once.Distilled water 3 mL /100 g·d was intragastrically administrated,1.5 mL /100 g once,for the rat in the model group,Nimodipne suspension 3 mL /100 g·d(0.6 mg /100 g) for the Nimodipine group and 3 mL /100 g · d(5.4g /100 g) for the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group,no drugs for the sham-operation group.And changes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) contents in the serum and brain tissue were investigated.Results:Compared with the model group,compared with the sham-operation group,serum TNF-α content at 5 h of focal cerebral ischemic ischemia in the model group started to increase and reached to the high peak at 12 h,but in both the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group and the Nimodipine group decreased in varying degrees at the same time;compared with the sham-operation group,brain TNF-α content at 6 h of focal cerebral ischemic ischemia in the model group started to increase and reached to the high peak at 12 h,but in both the Tongmai Huoxue Yin group and the Nimodipine group decreased in varying degrees,with the most obviously decreased at 24 h of ischemia.Tongmai Huoxue Yin could significantly decrease TNF-α content in the brain tissue.Conclusion:Tongmai Huoxue Yin has a protective action on acute cerebral ischemia injury in the rat.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant,No.30660235Guangxi Science Foundation forYouths,Grant,No.0728080National"11th 5-year"Support Plan of China,Grant,No.2006BAI0802-07
文摘AIM： To investigate the inhibitory effect of natural taurine （NTau） on portal hypertension （PHT） in rats with experimentally-induced liver cirrhosis （LC）. METHODS： Experimentally-induced LC Wistar rats （20 rats/group） were treated with either oral saline or oral NTau for 6 consecutive weeks. Evaluation parameters included portal venous pressure （PVP）, portal venous resistance （PVR）, portal venous flow （PVF）, splanchnic vascular resistance （SVR） and mean arterial pressure （NAP）. Vasoactive substance levels including nitric oxide （NO）, nitric oxide synthase （NOS） and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） were also measured. Histological investigation of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen （COL Ⅰ and Ⅲ） and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） was also performed. RESULTS： Treatment with NTau （1） significantly decreased PVP, PVR and PVF, and increased MAP and SVP; （2） markedly increased the vascular compliance and reduced the zero-stress of the portal vein; （3） markedly decreased the amount of NO and cGMP and activity of NOS; and （4） improved the pathological status of the liver tissue and reduced the expression of COL Ⅰ, COL Ⅲ and TGF-β1. CONCLUSION： NTau inhibited the LC-induced PHT by improving hyperdynamic circulation, morphology of liver and biomechanical properties of the portal vein in experimentally-induced LC rats.
基金Supported by grants from the Education Departmental Natural Science Research Funds of Hebei and Jiangsu Provinces of China (200510604KJD310207)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30330190).
文摘Objective： To investigate the activation （phosphorylation） and subcellular localization of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK1/2）, as well as the possible mechanism, following cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in rat hippocampus. Methods： Transient brain ischemia was induced by the four-vessel occlusion method in Sprague-Dawley rats. Western blot analysis. Results： During cerebral ischemia without reperfusion ERK1/2 activation immediately increased with a peak at 5 min and then decreased in the cytosol fraction, which was paralleled by the increase of ERK1/2 activation in the nucleus fraction. During reperfusion, ERK1/2 was activated with peaks occurring at 10 min in the cytosol and at 30 min in the nucleus, respectively. Under those conditions, the protein expressions had no significant change. In order to clarify the possible mechanism of ERK1/2 activation, the rats were intraperitoneally administrated with N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor antagonist dextromethorphan （DM）, L-type voltage-gated Ca^2＋ channel （L-VGCC） antagonist nifedipine （ND） 20 rain before ischemia, finding that DM and ND markedly prevented ERK1/2 activation of nucleus fraction induced by reperfusion, not by ischemia. Conclusion： These results suggested that the nuclear translocation mainly occurred during ischemia, while ischemia-reperfusion induced ERK1/2 activation both in the cytosol and the nucleus. Two type calcium channels contributed, at least partially, to the activation of ERK1/2.
文摘5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA)compounds are a highly effective treatment for ulcerative colitis(UC).While UC patient compliance in clinical studies is over 90%, only 40%of patients in every day life take their prescribed therapy.Adherence to medication has been emphasized recently by a Cochrane meta-analysis that has suggested that future trials of 5-ASA in UC should look at patient compliance rather than drug efficacy. Better compliance can be obtained by reducing the number of tablets and times of administration.Given that the 5-ASA formulations have different delivery systems that split the active moiety in various regions of the intestine,it is particularly important that an adequate dose of the drug arrives at the inflamed part of the colon.5-ASA Multi matrix(MMx)is a novel,high strength(1.2 g),oral formulation designed for oncedaily dosing.It releases the active moiety throughout the colon.Different studies with this compound have shown that it is as effective as 5-ASA enema in the treatment of mild-to-moderate,left-sided UC,and is comparable to a pH-dependent,delayed release 5-ASA (Asacol ),even if given once daily.Recently,the effectiveness in the acute phase of UC has been confirmed also in maintenance.In conclusion,at present,5-ASA MMx seems theoretically the best agent for maintaining patient compliance,and consequently,treatment effectiveness.
