目的分析百日咳鲍特菌对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药性、耐药相关分子特征及脉冲场凝胶电泳分型(plused-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)特征,了解百日咳菌株对大环内酯类抗生素可能的耐药机制,探讨PFGE基因型与耐药表型之间的关联性。方...目的分析百日咳鲍特菌对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药性、耐药相关分子特征及脉冲场凝胶电泳分型(plused-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)特征,了解百日咳菌株对大环内酯类抗生素可能的耐药机制,探讨PFGE基因型与耐药表型之间的关联性。方法采用E-test法检测2018—2020年临床分离百日咳鲍特菌对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素的耐药性;PCR检测可水平转移的耐药基因与耐药相关突变位点;采用PFGE方法对菌株进行分型。结果共分离到35株百日咳鲍特菌菌株,其中27株对3种抗生素均耐药,2株对红霉素和阿奇霉素耐药,对克拉霉素敏感,6株对3种抗生素均敏感;部分耐药株携带甲基化酶基因ermA(27.6%,8/29)和ermB(31.0%,9/29),耐药株均检出A2047G位点突变,敏感株均未发现耐药基因和位点突变;耐药株PFGE分型为BpSR23和BpFINR9型,敏感株PFGE分型为其他型。结论临床分离百日咳鲍特菌对红霉素耐药严重,并且开始向大环内酯类其他抗生素蔓延,甲基化酶基因的获得及23S rRNA基因A2047G位点突变可能是其耐药的主要机制,PFGE基因型与耐药表型之间存在一定的关联性。展开更多
肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP)是儿童社区获得性肺炎的常见病原体,通过飞沫传播,周期性地引起地区性暴发流行。新冠疫情期间采取的非药物干预措施(non-pharmaceutical interventions, NPIs)在控制新型冠状病毒传播的同时,也显...肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP)是儿童社区获得性肺炎的常见病原体,通过飞沫传播,周期性地引起地区性暴发流行。新冠疫情期间采取的非药物干预措施(non-pharmaceutical interventions, NPIs)在控制新型冠状病毒传播的同时,也显著影响了MP的流行病学特征、耐药性及临床表现。随着防控措施的放松,MP疫情出现了延迟但显著的反弹,这一现象可能与MP独特的生物学特征、免疫债务、病原体的交互影响以及抗生素经验性使用等多重因素有关。本文就新冠疫情期间及疫情后期MP流行病学、大环内酯类耐药性及临床表现进行了综述,了解新冠疫情对肺炎支原体感染的影响,并探讨了肺炎支原体肺炎的治疗进展。Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia in children, spreading through droplet transmission and periodically causing regional outbreaks. The non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly impacted the epidemiological characteristics, drug resistance, and clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae while controlling the spread of the novel coronavirus. With the relaxation of containment measures, there has been a delayed but significant rebound in M. pneumoniae outbreaks. This phenomenon may be related to the unique biological characteristics of M. pneumoniae, immune debt, interactions with other pathogens, and the empirical use of antibiotics among multiple factors. This article reviews the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae, macrolide resistance, and clinical manifestations during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to understand the impact of the pandemic on M. pneumoniae infections, and explores the therapeutic advancements for M. pneumoniae pneumonia.展开更多
文摘目的分析百日咳鲍特菌对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药性、耐药相关分子特征及脉冲场凝胶电泳分型(plused-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)特征,了解百日咳菌株对大环内酯类抗生素可能的耐药机制,探讨PFGE基因型与耐药表型之间的关联性。方法采用E-test法检测2018—2020年临床分离百日咳鲍特菌对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素的耐药性;PCR检测可水平转移的耐药基因与耐药相关突变位点;采用PFGE方法对菌株进行分型。结果共分离到35株百日咳鲍特菌菌株,其中27株对3种抗生素均耐药,2株对红霉素和阿奇霉素耐药,对克拉霉素敏感,6株对3种抗生素均敏感;部分耐药株携带甲基化酶基因ermA(27.6%,8/29)和ermB(31.0%,9/29),耐药株均检出A2047G位点突变,敏感株均未发现耐药基因和位点突变;耐药株PFGE分型为BpSR23和BpFINR9型,敏感株PFGE分型为其他型。结论临床分离百日咳鲍特菌对红霉素耐药严重,并且开始向大环内酯类其他抗生素蔓延,甲基化酶基因的获得及23S rRNA基因A2047G位点突变可能是其耐药的主要机制,PFGE基因型与耐药表型之间存在一定的关联性。
文摘肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae, MP)是儿童社区获得性肺炎的常见病原体,通过飞沫传播,周期性地引起地区性暴发流行。新冠疫情期间采取的非药物干预措施(non-pharmaceutical interventions, NPIs)在控制新型冠状病毒传播的同时,也显著影响了MP的流行病学特征、耐药性及临床表现。随着防控措施的放松,MP疫情出现了延迟但显著的反弹,这一现象可能与MP独特的生物学特征、免疫债务、病原体的交互影响以及抗生素经验性使用等多重因素有关。本文就新冠疫情期间及疫情后期MP流行病学、大环内酯类耐药性及临床表现进行了综述,了解新冠疫情对肺炎支原体感染的影响,并探讨了肺炎支原体肺炎的治疗进展。Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia in children, spreading through droplet transmission and periodically causing regional outbreaks. The non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly impacted the epidemiological characteristics, drug resistance, and clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae while controlling the spread of the novel coronavirus. With the relaxation of containment measures, there has been a delayed but significant rebound in M. pneumoniae outbreaks. This phenomenon may be related to the unique biological characteristics of M. pneumoniae, immune debt, interactions with other pathogens, and the empirical use of antibiotics among multiple factors. This article reviews the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae, macrolide resistance, and clinical manifestations during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to understand the impact of the pandemic on M. pneumoniae infections, and explores the therapeutic advancements for M. pneumoniae pneumonia.
