Among orchids, Cymbidiums have got a very high demand in both cut flower and pot plant trade. In the present study the effect of some polysaccharides such as chitosan and NAG （n-acetyl-glucosamine） on organogenesis ...Among orchids, Cymbidiums have got a very high demand in both cut flower and pot plant trade. In the present study the effect of some polysaccharides such as chitosan and NAG （n-acetyl-glucosamine） on organogenesis in protocorm-like-bodies （PLBs） of C. insigne was studied. Synthetic phytohormones such as BA and TDZ （cytokinins） and NAA （auxin） were used for comparison. PLBs of C. insigne were explanted on modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with the single addition of chitosan and NAG, and the combination of BA （benzyladenine） and NAA （1-naphthaleneacetic acid） also with the combination of NAA and TDZ （thidiazuron） among different concentrations. Combination treatments of auxin and cytokinins, the highest percentage of PLBs formation was 73% and shoot formation was 67% when cultured on the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L1 BA without NAA. Combination treatment of NAA and TDZ, the PLBs formation was 90% and shoot formation was 60% obtained from medium supplemented with 1.0 mg Lt of NAA ＋ 0.1 mg L^-1 TDZ. Single addition of chitosan and NAG with modified MS medium was more effective for new PLBs and shoot formation. The highest percentage of PLBs formation was 87% and shoot formation was 80% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L^-1 chitosan. On the other hand, the PLBs formation rate reached 93% and shoot formation rate was 87% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.01 mg L^-1 NAG. Application of polysaccharides to in vitro orchid PLBs allows developing new PLBs and shoot to form plantlet without synthetic phytohormones.展开更多
The objective of this study was to examine the phytochemical components, antioxidant activity and antibacterial property of ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of garlic tree （Scorodocarpus borneensis）. The dried...The objective of this study was to examine the phytochemical components, antioxidant activity and antibacterial property of ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of garlic tree （Scorodocarpus borneensis）. The dried stem bark of S. borneensis were collected and homogenized after drying at room temperature （32℃） for 30 d. The stem barks were extracted by macerated method using 95% ethanol and then fractionated with ethyl acetate. The dried ethyl acetate extract was subjected to phytoehemical screening to determine the presence of bioactive components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Antioxidant activity of the extract in vitro was examined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl-hydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging assay. The antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was performed by disc diffusion assay. GCMS results revealed the presence of 14 different phytocompounds, viz, tetratriacontyl trifluoroacetate （41.61%）, 2-pentanone （13.65%）, oxacyclotetradecane-2,11-done （7.87%）, cinnamic acid （7.53%）, 10-octadecanoic acid （6.50%）, 1,2-benzeno dicarboxylix acid （4.99%）, octadecanoic acid （4.51%）, hexadecanoic acid （4.16%）, beta tumerone （3.01%）, 9-octadecenoic acid （1.70%）, tricosanol （1.38%）, hexadecano-phenone （1.36%）, 1-nonadecanol （0.93%） and n-nonadecanol （0.82%）. In vitro antioxidant activity （IC50） was found at 55.524 ppm as high powerful. The results of agar diffusion method showed that the ethyl acetate extracts had an antibacterial activity of 6.687 ± 0.800 mm againts S. aureus at 10% （w/v） and 7.500 ± 0.735 mm against E. coli at 10% （w/v） as moderate category. These findings suggest that S. borneensis stem bark is a valuable sources of bioactive compounds with promising as antioxidant and antibacterial sources.展开更多
文摘Among orchids, Cymbidiums have got a very high demand in both cut flower and pot plant trade. In the present study the effect of some polysaccharides such as chitosan and NAG （n-acetyl-glucosamine） on organogenesis in protocorm-like-bodies （PLBs） of C. insigne was studied. Synthetic phytohormones such as BA and TDZ （cytokinins） and NAA （auxin） were used for comparison. PLBs of C. insigne were explanted on modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with the single addition of chitosan and NAG, and the combination of BA （benzyladenine） and NAA （1-naphthaleneacetic acid） also with the combination of NAA and TDZ （thidiazuron） among different concentrations. Combination treatments of auxin and cytokinins, the highest percentage of PLBs formation was 73% and shoot formation was 67% when cultured on the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L1 BA without NAA. Combination treatment of NAA and TDZ, the PLBs formation was 90% and shoot formation was 60% obtained from medium supplemented with 1.0 mg Lt of NAA ＋ 0.1 mg L^-1 TDZ. Single addition of chitosan and NAG with modified MS medium was more effective for new PLBs and shoot formation. The highest percentage of PLBs formation was 87% and shoot formation was 80% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L^-1 chitosan. On the other hand, the PLBs formation rate reached 93% and shoot formation rate was 87% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.01 mg L^-1 NAG. Application of polysaccharides to in vitro orchid PLBs allows developing new PLBs and shoot to form plantlet without synthetic phytohormones.
文摘The objective of this study was to examine the phytochemical components, antioxidant activity and antibacterial property of ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of garlic tree （Scorodocarpus borneensis）. The dried stem bark of S. borneensis were collected and homogenized after drying at room temperature （32℃） for 30 d. The stem barks were extracted by macerated method using 95% ethanol and then fractionated with ethyl acetate. The dried ethyl acetate extract was subjected to phytoehemical screening to determine the presence of bioactive components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Antioxidant activity of the extract in vitro was examined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl-hydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging assay. The antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was performed by disc diffusion assay. GCMS results revealed the presence of 14 different phytocompounds, viz, tetratriacontyl trifluoroacetate （41.61%）, 2-pentanone （13.65%）, oxacyclotetradecane-2,11-done （7.87%）, cinnamic acid （7.53%）, 10-octadecanoic acid （6.50%）, 1,2-benzeno dicarboxylix acid （4.99%）, octadecanoic acid （4.51%）, hexadecanoic acid （4.16%）, beta tumerone （3.01%）, 9-octadecenoic acid （1.70%）, tricosanol （1.38%）, hexadecano-phenone （1.36%）, 1-nonadecanol （0.93%） and n-nonadecanol （0.82%）. In vitro antioxidant activity （IC50） was found at 55.524 ppm as high powerful. The results of agar diffusion method showed that the ethyl acetate extracts had an antibacterial activity of 6.687 ± 0.800 mm againts S. aureus at 10% （w/v） and 7.500 ± 0.735 mm against E. coli at 10% （w/v） as moderate category. These findings suggest that S. borneensis stem bark is a valuable sources of bioactive compounds with promising as antioxidant and antibacterial sources.
