Chronic diseases are the leading global causes of death in China and the world, especially hypertension ＇and diabetes, and the main reasons are heredity, abnormal metabolism and an unhealthy lifestyle for dietary. Ba...Chronic diseases are the leading global causes of death in China and the world, especially hypertension ＇and diabetes, and the main reasons are heredity, abnormal metabolism and an unhealthy lifestyle for dietary. Barley is taditional medicine in China. There is an very important effect for functional foods for preventing chronic diseases of barley grains and barley grass powder as well as its products because of its high contents of minerals, vitamins, amino acids, antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll and bioactive compounds such as β-glucans, phenolic compounds, GABA, alkaloid, tocopherols and tocotrienols, dietary fiber and so on. There are a lot of challenges to promote health for functional food with barley grains and its grass in China. Barley grain will produce pearled barley, grits, flakes and flour, and it adds texture, flavor, aroma, nutritional and medicinal value to product. Barley grass powder can be produced in barley green, barley grass rice noodle, barley grass ersi, barley grass noodles and barley green beer and other new functional foods. The future for barley use in food products is improving and very promising.展开更多
Seedling characteristics such as leaf emergency, chlorophyll content, and height are important for early growth and also associated with seed size. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling ch...Seedling characteristics such as leaf emergency, chlorophyll content, and height are important for early growth and also associated with seed size. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling characteristics (leaf length, chlorophyll content, seedling height) and seed size were identified with an attempt to explore the relationship between seedling characteristics and seed size, using a recombinant inbred population derived from a cross between Zhenshan 97A and Minghui 63. Two, one, five, four, four, and nine QTLs were detected for chlorophyll a content, total chlorophyll, length of the second seedling leaf, length of the third seedling leaf, seedling height, and seed size, respectively. The results indicated that four QTLs for seed size and four QTLs for seedling characteristics shared several similar regions (G359-RG532, C567-RG236, RZ403-R19, C371-C405a), respectively, suggesting a close association between seedling characteristics and seed size. Several chromosomal regions influencing seed size, however, had no effects on seedling characteristics, suggesting that it was possible to improve seedling vigor without increasing grain size.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the interaction between genotype of flavonoids of barley grain and environment, to increase the flavonoid content of barley grain in cultivation and breeding. [Method] In this s...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the interaction between genotype of flavonoids of barley grain and environment, to increase the flavonoid content of barley grain in cultivation and breeding. [Method] In this study, the content of cate- chin, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol of barley grain planted in Kunming, Qujing and Baoshan were determined by HPLC, and the genotype, environment, genotype- environment interaction of the flavonoid content of barley grain were analyzed. [Result] According to the experimental results, the genotype variance, environmental variance and G x E interaction variance of catechin and kaempferol contents show the same trend： genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation, which all reach a extremely significant level; the genotype variance, envi- ronmental variance and G × E interaction variance of quercetin and total flavonoid contents show the same trend： genetype variation 〉 G × E interaction variation 〉 environmental variation, which all reach a extremely significant level; the genotype variance and environmental variance of myricetin content both reach a extremely sig- nificant level, while the G × E interaction variance reaches a significant level, showing an order of genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation; the genotype variance, environmental variance and G x E interaction vari- ance of total flavonoid content show an order of genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation. Among different barley varieties, Ziguang- mangluoerling and Kuanyingdamai in Qujing, Kunming and Baoshan have relatively high content of quercetin, while other barley varieties barely contain any quercetin. The grains of Ziguangmangluoerling and Kuanyingdamai are purple, while the grains of other barley varieties are yellow. [Conclusion] Four main flavonoids and the total flavonoids of barley grain are mainly under genetic control and affected by genetic- environment interactions; the purple barley grains contain high content of quercetin.展开更多
[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer...[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer application methods on dynamic changes of grain protein content and glutenin content of Yumai 49 and Yumai 66 during wheat grain filling stage were studied under the field conditions. [Result] Both the grain protein and glutenin content of two cultivars were increased by sulfur fertilizer, particularly, the effects on Yumai 49 were more significant.[ Conclusion] The grain content and glutenin content of different wheat cultivars could be increased by taking different sulfur fertilizer application methods.展开更多
Agricultural market creation was critical for rural growth in Africa. How to achieve this based on crops other than major staples （e.g. maize） and traditional export crops （e.g., tea, coffee, cotton） remained a pr...Agricultural market creation was critical for rural growth in Africa. How to achieve this based on crops other than major staples （e.g. maize） and traditional export crops （e.g., tea, coffee, cotton） remained a problem since most African countries did not give them policy attention. This study used a three-tier-model, developed based on successful strategies in Nigeria and Zimbabwe, to develop multi-level soybean market creation in Kenya. Data were from secondary sources, formal and informal interviews, farm-level data, and participant observations. Analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Result showed increasing in farmers＇ confidence to produce, process, consume, and sell more soybeans than before. Trained farmers＇ groups were developing new soybean products for cash, poverty reduction and improvements in livelihoods. Net returns had been increased from 4 to 14 times from processed products. Selected farmers＇ groups had begun to supply large-scale processors with soybean grains, substituting imports. The overall project＇s impact on number of participating farmer groups and the actual land area devoted to soybean cultivation ranged from a factor of 2.3 to a factor of 77.4 between the long rainy seasons of 2005 / 2006 and the short rainy seasons of 2009. Farmers had given testimonies on live improvements.展开更多
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System(CARS-05)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31260326)Science and Technology to Benefit the People from Yunnan Provincial Scientific and Technology Department(2014RA060)~~
文摘Chronic diseases are the leading global causes of death in China and the world, especially hypertension ＇and diabetes, and the main reasons are heredity, abnormal metabolism and an unhealthy lifestyle for dietary. Barley is taditional medicine in China. There is an very important effect for functional foods for preventing chronic diseases of barley grains and barley grass powder as well as its products because of its high contents of minerals, vitamins, amino acids, antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll and bioactive compounds such as β-glucans, phenolic compounds, GABA, alkaloid, tocopherols and tocotrienols, dietary fiber and so on. There are a lot of challenges to promote health for functional food with barley grains and its grass in China. Barley grain will produce pearled barley, grits, flakes and flour, and it adds texture, flavor, aroma, nutritional and medicinal value to product. Barley grass powder can be produced in barley green, barley grass rice noodle, barley grass ersi, barley grass noodles and barley green beer and other new functional foods. The future for barley use in food products is improving and very promising.
文摘Seedling characteristics such as leaf emergency, chlorophyll content, and height are important for early growth and also associated with seed size. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling characteristics (leaf length, chlorophyll content, seedling height) and seed size were identified with an attempt to explore the relationship between seedling characteristics and seed size, using a recombinant inbred population derived from a cross between Zhenshan 97A and Minghui 63. Two, one, five, four, four, and nine QTLs were detected for chlorophyll a content, total chlorophyll, length of the second seedling leaf, length of the third seedling leaf, seedling height, and seed size, respectively. The results indicated that four QTLs for seed size and four QTLs for seedling characteristics shared several similar regions (G359-RG532, C567-RG236, RZ403-R19, C371-C405a), respectively, suggesting a close association between seedling characteristics and seed size. Several chromosomal regions influencing seed size, however, had no effects on seedling characteristics, suggesting that it was possible to improve seedling vigor without increasing grain size.
基金Supported by National Barley Industrial Technology System of China(CARS-05)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31260326)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the interaction between genotype of flavonoids of barley grain and environment, to increase the flavonoid content of barley grain in cultivation and breeding. [Method] In this study, the content of cate- chin, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol of barley grain planted in Kunming, Qujing and Baoshan were determined by HPLC, and the genotype, environment, genotype- environment interaction of the flavonoid content of barley grain were analyzed. [Result] According to the experimental results, the genotype variance, environmental variance and G x E interaction variance of catechin and kaempferol contents show the same trend： genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation, which all reach a extremely significant level; the genotype variance, envi- ronmental variance and G × E interaction variance of quercetin and total flavonoid contents show the same trend： genetype variation 〉 G × E interaction variation 〉 environmental variation, which all reach a extremely significant level; the genotype variance and environmental variance of myricetin content both reach a extremely sig- nificant level, while the G × E interaction variance reaches a significant level, showing an order of genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation; the genotype variance, environmental variance and G x E interaction vari- ance of total flavonoid content show an order of genotype variation 〉 environmental variation 〉 G × E interaction variation. Among different barley varieties, Ziguang- mangluoerling and Kuanyingdamai in Qujing, Kunming and Baoshan have relatively high content of quercetin, while other barley varieties barely contain any quercetin. The grains of Ziguangmangluoerling and Kuanyingdamai are purple, while the grains of other barley varieties are yellow. [Conclusion] Four main flavonoids and the total flavonoids of barley grain are mainly under genetic control and affected by genetic- environment interactions; the purple barley grains contain high content of quercetin.
基金Supported by Key Project of National Scientific and Technological Support Plan (2006BAD02A07)Key Grant Scientific and Technolog-ical Project of Henan Province (0522010100)Scientific Research Foundation for Doctor of Henan Agricultural University (30200240)~~
文摘[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer application methods on dynamic changes of grain protein content and glutenin content of Yumai 49 and Yumai 66 during wheat grain filling stage were studied under the field conditions. [Result] Both the grain protein and glutenin content of two cultivars were increased by sulfur fertilizer, particularly, the effects on Yumai 49 were more significant.[ Conclusion] The grain content and glutenin content of different wheat cultivars could be increased by taking different sulfur fertilizer application methods.
文摘Agricultural market creation was critical for rural growth in Africa. How to achieve this based on crops other than major staples （e.g. maize） and traditional export crops （e.g., tea, coffee, cotton） remained a problem since most African countries did not give them policy attention. This study used a three-tier-model, developed based on successful strategies in Nigeria and Zimbabwe, to develop multi-level soybean market creation in Kenya. Data were from secondary sources, formal and informal interviews, farm-level data, and participant observations. Analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Result showed increasing in farmers＇ confidence to produce, process, consume, and sell more soybeans than before. Trained farmers＇ groups were developing new soybean products for cash, poverty reduction and improvements in livelihoods. Net returns had been increased from 4 to 14 times from processed products. Selected farmers＇ groups had begun to supply large-scale processors with soybean grains, substituting imports. The overall project＇s impact on number of participating farmer groups and the actual land area devoted to soybean cultivation ranged from a factor of 2.3 to a factor of 77.4 between the long rainy seasons of 2005 / 2006 and the short rainy seasons of 2009. Farmers had given testimonies on live improvements.
