The revitalization of the historic fabric should not be considered only a matter of safeguarding the cultural heritage of collective memory; it will mainly be to recover and value an urban life, as in the urban contex...The revitalization of the historic fabric should not be considered only a matter of safeguarding the cultural heritage of collective memory; it will mainly be to recover and value an urban life, as in the urban context, the historic centre plays a function of social identification and recognition of the community, that commercial distribution helps to keep alive. It is widely spreading the concept of Old Town as Natural Shopping Centre： with this word, we define commercial complex and not homogenous places, developed over time without programming unit. designed as a unique space, which fall within a certain urban perimeter, work together as a business, financial administration, facilities and service all coordinated by a common policy development. In order to recover the vitality of the consolidated tissue of the city of Parma, the Town Council has started to study its historic centre as Natural Shopping Centre, relying on the potential inherent in the existing commercial streets.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the daily administration times of Canhuang tablet(CHT) for treating jaundice in rats based on a pharmacodynamic/ pharmacokinetic model.METHODS: Rats were modeled by 4% 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate(75 m...OBJECTIVE: To study the daily administration times of Canhuang tablet(CHT) for treating jaundice in rats based on a pharmacodynamic/ pharmacokinetic model.METHODS: Rats were modeled by 4% 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate(75 mg/kg, p.o.). After 48 h, CHT was given(p.o.) at 0.75 g/kg once a day, 0.375 g/kg twice a day, and 0.25 g/kg three times a day. Blood was collected from the orbital sinus at different intervals. Levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin were detected using these blood samples. Bile was collected and determined after the first administration of CHT. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of berberine in bile simultaneously. Time-effect and time-dose curves were then obtained.RESULTS: Compared with rats taking CHT twiceand three times a day, the total amount of bile within 10 h of rats taking CHT once a day were 1.32-and 1.47-fold higher, respectively. There was good consistency between the pharmacokinetics of berberine and the pharmacodynamics of the effect on liver enzymes and bilirubin in vivo. The pharmacokinetic analyses showed that rats administered CHT once daily maintained a higher concentration of berberine in bile for a longer period than rats administered CHT two- and three-times daily.CONCLUSION: In jaundiced rats, taking CHT once a day is better than taking CHT twice or three times a day. These data may provide a reference for the clinical application of CHT.展开更多
文摘The revitalization of the historic fabric should not be considered only a matter of safeguarding the cultural heritage of collective memory; it will mainly be to recover and value an urban life, as in the urban context, the historic centre plays a function of social identification and recognition of the community, that commercial distribution helps to keep alive. It is widely spreading the concept of Old Town as Natural Shopping Centre： with this word, we define commercial complex and not homogenous places, developed over time without programming unit. designed as a unique space, which fall within a certain urban perimeter, work together as a business, financial administration, facilities and service all coordinated by a common policy development. In order to recover the vitality of the consolidated tissue of the city of Parma, the Town Council has started to study its historic centre as Natural Shopping Centre, relying on the potential inherent in the existing commercial streets.
基金Supported by the Shibingshiyao Program of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.Z131100002513005)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the daily administration times of Canhuang tablet(CHT) for treating jaundice in rats based on a pharmacodynamic/ pharmacokinetic model.METHODS: Rats were modeled by 4% 1-Naphthylisothiocyanate(75 mg/kg, p.o.). After 48 h, CHT was given(p.o.) at 0.75 g/kg once a day, 0.375 g/kg twice a day, and 0.25 g/kg three times a day. Blood was collected from the orbital sinus at different intervals. Levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin were detected using these blood samples. Bile was collected and determined after the first administration of CHT. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of berberine in bile simultaneously. Time-effect and time-dose curves were then obtained.RESULTS: Compared with rats taking CHT twiceand three times a day, the total amount of bile within 10 h of rats taking CHT once a day were 1.32-and 1.47-fold higher, respectively. There was good consistency between the pharmacokinetics of berberine and the pharmacodynamics of the effect on liver enzymes and bilirubin in vivo. The pharmacokinetic analyses showed that rats administered CHT once daily maintained a higher concentration of berberine in bile for a longer period than rats administered CHT two- and three-times daily.CONCLUSION: In jaundiced rats, taking CHT once a day is better than taking CHT twice or three times a day. These data may provide a reference for the clinical application of CHT.
