Flavonoids such as baohuoside I and icaritin are the major active compounds in Epimedii Folium(EF)and possess excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases.Encouragingly,in 2022,icaritin soft capsules were approve...Flavonoids such as baohuoside I and icaritin are the major active compounds in Epimedii Folium(EF)and possess excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases.Encouragingly,in 2022,icaritin soft capsules were approved to reach the market for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)of China.Moreover,recent studies demonstrate that icaritin can serve as immune-modulating agent to exert anti-tumor effects.Nonetheless,both production efficiency and clinical applications of epimedium flavonoids have been restrained because of their low content,poor bioavailability,and unfavorable in vivo delivery efficiency.Recently,various strategies,including enzyme engineering and nanotechnology,have been developed to increase productivity and activity,improve delivery efficiency,and enhance therapeutic effects of epimedium flavonoids.In this review,the structure-activity relationship of epimedium flavonoids is described.Then,enzymatic engineering strategies for increasing the productivity of highly active baohuoside I and icaritin are discussed.The nanomedicines for overcoming in vivo delivery barriers and improving therapeutic effects of various diseases are summarized.Finally,the challenges and an outlook on clinical translation of epimedium flavonoids are proposed.展开更多
[Objectives]The therapeutic potential and action mechanism of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed based on the biolabel pattern.[Methods]The chemical components of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed by liquid chromatography-ma...[Objectives]The therapeutic potential and action mechanism of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed based on the biolabel pattern.[Methods]The chemical components of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Ten databases,including Pubchem,CTD,BindingDB,HERB,TCMIP,ETCM,SwissTargetPrediction,SuperPred webserver,TargetNet and SEA,were used in turn to retrieve the targets of related components,and key components were obtained according to the enrichment degree of targets.The obtained targets were imported into the STRING database to obtain PPI information and screen out core targets.The DAVID database was employed to analyze KEGG pathways of core targets and obtain key pathways.A key component-core target-key pathway network of Folium Pyrrosiae was constructed by Cytoscape3.10.1 software.The obtained KEGG pathways were input into the CTD database to predict corresponding diseases,and discussion and analysis were carried out.[Results]Ten key components,30 potential targets and 10 key pathways were screened out,and they participated in many diseases,of which five diseases were mainly analyzed.[Conclusions]Folium Pyrrosiae had the characteristic of multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic effect in the treatment of lung cancer,type 2 diabetes,atherosclerosis,liver cancer,prostate cancer and other diseases,and the therapeutic potential and action mechanism of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed through the biolabel pattern.This study provides a research basis for further developing new functions of Folium Pyrrosiae.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:81873196)Sino-German Center for Research Promotion(Project No.:GZ1505)Chinese Scholarship Council,and Science and Technology Planning Projects of Jiaxing City(Project No.:2022AY10014).
文摘Flavonoids such as baohuoside I and icaritin are the major active compounds in Epimedii Folium(EF)and possess excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases.Encouragingly,in 2022,icaritin soft capsules were approved to reach the market for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)of China.Moreover,recent studies demonstrate that icaritin can serve as immune-modulating agent to exert anti-tumor effects.Nonetheless,both production efficiency and clinical applications of epimedium flavonoids have been restrained because of their low content,poor bioavailability,and unfavorable in vivo delivery efficiency.Recently,various strategies,including enzyme engineering and nanotechnology,have been developed to increase productivity and activity,improve delivery efficiency,and enhance therapeutic effects of epimedium flavonoids.In this review,the structure-activity relationship of epimedium flavonoids is described.Then,enzymatic engineering strategies for increasing the productivity of highly active baohuoside I and icaritin are discussed.The nanomedicines for overcoming in vivo delivery barriers and improving therapeutic effects of various diseases are summarized.Finally,the challenges and an outlook on clinical translation of epimedium flavonoids are proposed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160773).
文摘[Objectives]The therapeutic potential and action mechanism of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed based on the biolabel pattern.[Methods]The chemical components of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Ten databases,including Pubchem,CTD,BindingDB,HERB,TCMIP,ETCM,SwissTargetPrediction,SuperPred webserver,TargetNet and SEA,were used in turn to retrieve the targets of related components,and key components were obtained according to the enrichment degree of targets.The obtained targets were imported into the STRING database to obtain PPI information and screen out core targets.The DAVID database was employed to analyze KEGG pathways of core targets and obtain key pathways.A key component-core target-key pathway network of Folium Pyrrosiae was constructed by Cytoscape3.10.1 software.The obtained KEGG pathways were input into the CTD database to predict corresponding diseases,and discussion and analysis were carried out.[Results]Ten key components,30 potential targets and 10 key pathways were screened out,and they participated in many diseases,of which five diseases were mainly analyzed.[Conclusions]Folium Pyrrosiae had the characteristic of multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic effect in the treatment of lung cancer,type 2 diabetes,atherosclerosis,liver cancer,prostate cancer and other diseases,and the therapeutic potential and action mechanism of Folium Pyrrosiae were analyzed through the biolabel pattern.This study provides a research basis for further developing new functions of Folium Pyrrosiae.