大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾高温下抗氧化能力与热应激蛋白70基因表达的影响

将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组3个平行,每个平行1000尾,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮;另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%大黄蒽醌提取物。饲养10周后,对罗氏沼虾进行连续35℃高温应激48h,测定肝胰腺总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、一氧化氮以及应激蛋白70的mRNA相对含量变化。结果表明:应激前,0.05%组显著提高了肝胰腺过氧化氢酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性,显著降低了肝胰腺丙二醛含量;0.2%试验组显著增加了肝胰腺总抗氧化能力、一氧化氮浓度,显著降低了肝胰腺丙二醛含量;0.10%、0.2%试验组显著增加HSP70mRNA的相对含量;高温应激后,各组肝胰腺总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性、一氧化氮浓度呈现降低趋势,其中0.1%和0.2%大黄蒽醌提取物相对较高,对照组较低;肝胰腺丙二醛含量呈现增加趋势,其中加0.1%和0.2%大黄蒽醌提取物比对照组低。应激6h后0.1%和0.2%大黄蒽醌提取物组的HSP70mRNA的相对含量仍比对照组高。因此添加0.1%和0.2%大黄蒽醌提取物提高了虾的抗氧能力,促进HSP70mRNA的相对含量,对高温应激有一定的保护作用。

大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾抗鳗弧菌感染的研究

将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组三个平行,每个平行约1000尾(个体均重1g左右),第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%大黄蒽醌提取物,饲养6周后对罗氏沼虾进行鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)感染。测定生长以及0、12、24、48h血清和肝胰腺溶菌酶、丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能(T-AOC)以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等指标。生长试验表明,与对照组相比,0.1%组、0.4%组罗氏沼虾的增重率、特定生长率显著提高,饵料系数显著降低。攻毒试验Ⅰ表明,各组48h内罗氏沼虾血清溶菌酶活性、肝胰腺溶菌酶含量、血清T-AOC均呈先升高后降低趋势,其中它们的最大值分别出现于0.4%组的12h、0.2%组24h、0.1%组12h;肝胰腺SOD活力呈上升趋势,而血清MDA则一直下降。攻毒试验Ⅱ表明,大黄蒽醌提取物能有效地降低试验组罗氏沼虾的死亡率,提高免疫保护率,其中0.4%组的保护效果为最佳。因此,在饲料中添加大黄蒽醌提取物降低罗氏沼虾对病原的敏感性,增强机体抗病力,促进生长。

大黄蒽醌提取物对罗氏沼虾抗高温应激的影响

将罗氏沼虾随机分成5组,每组3个平行,每个平行约1 000尾,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加w为0.05%、0.10%、0.20%、0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物。饲养8周后,对虾进行连续48 h 35℃高温应激,测定其生长、应激前后血淋巴葡萄糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、溶菌酶、一氧化氮(NO)等的变化。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加w=0.10%的大黄蒽醌提取物显著提高了虾的增重率、降低了饵料系数,w=0.40%大黄蒽醌提取物显著增加了血淋巴溶菌酶含量。高温应激后,与对照组相比,添加w为0.1%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物仍保持较高血淋巴溶菌酶、一氧化氮浓度。高温应激试验表明:对照组死亡率达60%,添加w为0.10%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物小于30%。因此添加w为0.10%和0.20%大黄蒽醌提取物提高了机体抗应激能力,并对高温引起虾的死亡有一定的保护作用,促进了虾的生长。

大黄蒽醌提取物对饲养建鲤生长的影响

将750尾建鲤（Cyprinus carpio var.jian）随机分成5组。一组为对照组,投喂基础日粮。另外4组为实验组,投喂的基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%大黄蒽醌提取物。连续投喂70d后,测定鱼的生长、免疫相关因子、肠道菌数量及肉质等。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加大黄蒽醌提取物提高了鱼体增重率、饲料转化效率、溶菌酶活性、一氧化氮浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性,促进了肠道有益菌增加,抑制有害菌生长,降低了丙二醛含量及鱼体死亡率,但是与大黄蒽醌提取物的添加水平不成线性关系;其中1.0%实验组肝胰脏溶菌酶与超氧化物歧化酶活性最高,血清丙二醛含量最低;2.0%实验组增重率、血清一氧化氮浓度与超氧化物歧化酶活性、肝胰脏一氧化氮浓度、肠道乳酸杆菌数量最高;添加1.0%-2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物显著提高了肌肉粗脂肪含量。因此,添加1.0%-2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物能改善肠道的微生态平衡,提高机体免疫机能,改善肉质,促进鱼体生长。

复方黄芪甲苷、淫羊霍苷、大黄蒽醌提取物对残余肾模型PCNA表达及肾功能的影响

Background Increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, a marker of cellcycle progression, was recently documented in the remnant kidney (RK) model of progressive renal failure. Astragalin Icariine and Anthraquinone derivatives were respectively extracted from Radix Astragali, Herba Epimedii and Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei which have been traditionally used for treatment of progressive renal diseases for a long time in China. In the present study, it was examined whether the combination of Astragalin Icariine and Anthraquinone (cAIA) could reduce PCNA expression and stabilize renal function in the remnant kidney model more effectively than NiaoDuQing Granula (Ndq) which is a combined Chinese medicine especial for chronic renal insufficiency(CRI). Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups. Group 1 was normal control,group 2 sham operation control, Group 3 model control and 4 to 7 treated groups. Group 2 underwent a sham operation by decapsulation of the kidney and groups 3 to 7 underwent a right subeapsular nephreetomy with surgical resection of the upper and lower thirds of the left kidney. Groups 1 to 3 received 0.9% NaC1 10 ml/kg body weight,Groups 4 to 6 received cAIA 2 g/kg,4 g/kg,8 g/kg body weight,and group 7 received Ndq 3.6 g/kg body weight once daily for 8 weeks at the end of three months after surgery respectively. At the start of the protocol and half a month, one month and two months after administration, body weights and livability were determined, blood samples were obtained for biochemical evaluation, and the RK was collected for histological evaluation at the time of sacrifice. Results It was found that both of cAIA and Ndq resulted in improved blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum cretinine(Scr), albumin(ALB), red blood cell counts(RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), superoxide dismutase (SOD),nitric oxidate (NO),body weights and livability compared with group 3 (cAIA and Ndq versus model,P <0.05,P <0.01) and higher doses of cAIA treatment could get better results. The livabihty and Hb were higher in cAIA 8 g/kg body weight than Ndq (P < 0.01). Renal histological integration confirmed an evident decrease in glomerular and interstitial fibrosis in cAIA 4 g/kg and 8 g/kg groups versus model(P < 0.05,P <0.01). Immunohistochemical staining and semiquantitative analyses showed a significant decrease in collagen Ⅳ (CoⅣ), total glomerular cells and PCNA positive cells in cAIA 4 g/kg and 8 g/kg groups versus model( P < 0.05, P < 0.01 ), and total glomerular cells in cAIA 8 g/kg versus Ndq group (P < 0.05). A comparable results in TP in cAIA and Ndq treated groups versus model was also noted. Conclusion There was a positive relationship between the PCNA expression and renal fibrosis, cAIA and Ndq administration could reduce PCNA expression, inhibit fibrosis and stabilize renal function in the RK model and higher doses of cAIA treatment could get better results than Ndq, especially in livability, Hb and total glomerular cells. With respect to potential therapeutic implications of the finding, it is of crucial importance to further investigate the effective mechanisms of Chinese Herbal extracts on progressive renal disease.