广痛消泡沫气雾剂对大鼠肛门水肿的作用

目的:观察大鼠肛门水肿组织病理改变和广痛消泡沫气雾剂的干预作用。方法:SD大鼠用0.16 mL巴豆油混合液致肛门肿胀,治疗组肛门内给予广痛消泡沫气雾剂,分别于给药后24 h、48 h、72 h全部处死,取肛周组织进行染色处理,显微观察空白组、模型组、治疗组及对照组病理改变。结果:空白组直肠黏膜正常;模型组直肠黏膜呈急性炎症改变;治疗组随着给药天数的增加,黏膜层溃疡逐渐好转,黏膜下层充血、水肿明显改善,血管充血、扩张消失,对照组炎症改变不明显。结论:巴豆油注射可致SD大鼠肛门水肿炎性改变;广痛消泡沫气雾剂对大鼠肛门肿胀具有抗炎、消肿的作用。

强心颗粒对心气虚兼血瘀水肿证心衰大鼠心肌细胞线粒体凋亡的影响

目的探索强心颗粒对慢性心力衰竭心气虚兼血瘀水肿证大鼠心肌细胞线粒体凋亡的影响。方法 50只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、缬沙坦组(13.35 mg/kg)、强心颗粒组(9.26 g/kg),采用阿霉素联合丙基硫氧嘧啶双重因子攻击技术建立大鼠模型。灌胃给药4周后,检测大鼠的心肌细胞线粒体超微结构、线粒体跨膜电位、心肌组织ATP水平,Western blot法检测Cyto-C、Cleaved-caspase-3、Cleaved-caspase-9、 Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,强心颗粒组大鼠心肌细胞线粒体超微结构改善,线粒体跨膜电位下降心肌细胞比例显著减少(P<0.01),心肌组织ATP水平显著增加(P<0.01),Cyto-C、Cleaved-caspase-3、Cleaved-caspase-9蛋白表达显著减低(P<0.01),Bcl-2/Bax比率显著升高(P<0.01),且显著优于缬沙坦组(P<0.01)。结论强心颗粒可通过调控线粒体凋亡通路来改善慢性心力衰竭心气虚兼血瘀水肿证大鼠的心功能及预后。

脑心通对实验性脑梗死大鼠脑组织IL-6的影响

目的:探讨脑心通对实验性脑梗死大鼠脑组织中IL一6水平的影响。方法:参照Longa等方法制成大脑中动脉梗死(MCAO)模型,应用干一湿重法观察脑含水量变化、HE染色观察梗死周围炎性细胞浸润、免疫组化方法观察脑组织中lL一6的表达。研究不同剂量脑心通对脑梗死后大鼠行为学评分.脑含水量及脑组织中炎性细胞因子lL一6表达的影响。结果:脑梗死组织周围炎细胞浸润和IL一6阳性细胞表达于梗死后6h开始增多,48h达高峰,并持续到7d。脑心通治疗组大鼠脑梗死后脑水肿减轻,行为学评分降低,脑组织中IL一6阳性细胞减少,大、中剂量脑心通治疗组效果较为显著。结论:脑心通有抑制炎性细胞因子IL_6的过度表达,保护神经元,减轻脑水肿的作用。

丁苯酞对大鼠感染性脑水肿炎症和氧化应激的影响

目的分析丁苯酞对大鼠感染性脑水肿(IBE)炎症和氧化应激的影响。方法 45只SD大鼠随机分为5组,各9只。对照组为健康大鼠,模型组采用脂多糖建立IBE大鼠模型,低、中、高丁苯酞组在造模后分别给予20、40、60 mg/kg丁苯酞油剂灌胃,比较各组脑组织形态学变化、脑组织含水量、伊文思蓝(EB)含量、脑组织炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-8、IL-1β]水平、脑组织氧化应激指标[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]水平。结果低、中、高丁苯酞组脑组织形态学较模型组不同程度改善;模型组脑组织含水量及EB含量高于对照组,低、中、高丁苯酞组脑组织含水量及EB含量低于模型组(P<0.05);模型组IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8高于对照组,低、中、高丁苯酞组IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8低于模型组(P<0.05);模型组GSH-PX、SOD低于对照组,MDA高于对照组,低、中、高丁苯酞组GSH-PX、SOD高于模型组,MDA低于模型组,中丁苯酞组GSH-PX、SOD高于低丁苯酞组,MDA低于低丁苯酞组(P<0.05)。结论炎症和氧化应激均参与了感染性脑水肿的发生,丁苯酞可降低脑组织炎症因子表达,调控氧化应激系统平衡,改善脑水肿。

应用巴豆油制作SD大鼠肛门水肿模型的实验验证研究

目的验证巴豆油致SD大鼠肛门水肿模型。方法将SD大鼠24只平均分为正常组1、2和模型组1、2,应用巴豆油混合液将模型组1、2制作大鼠肛门水肿模型,6h后观察四组肛门外观后肛门取材,将正常组1和模型组1的标本制作病理切片,显微镜下观察;将正常组2和模型组2标本置于冰浴上充分研磨后检测肛周组织中IL-6和TNF-a的含量。结果形态学上,正常组大鼠肛门外观正常,模型组大鼠肛门红肿;组织学上可见模型组1大鼠肠黏膜呈急性炎症改变,黏膜下层充血、水肿,血管充血、扩张,而正常组1正常;模型组2 TNF-α和IL-6较正常组2明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论巴豆油致大鼠肛门水肿模型,与肛肠常见疾病发病或手术创面的常见表现及病理生理过程相类似,符合试验用肛门水肿模型的要求。

七叶皂苷钠对大鼠高原肺水肿的干预研究

目的探讨七叶皂苷钠对大鼠高原肺水肿模型的干预研究。方法 24只SD大鼠随机均分为正常对照组(N)、高原肺水肿模型组(HAPE)、七叶皂苷钠治疗组(SA)。在模拟海拔6000m高原环境中通过大鼠运动建立出血性肺泡型肺水肿模型。模型复制成功后按相应措施处理观察并取血取材检测相关指标。观察检测指标有肺组织形态学、肺湿/干重(W/D)、血气分析动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2);采用ELISA试剂盒检测血清中白介素-6(IL-6)的含量。结果与模型组比,治疗组大鼠PaO2明显上升,PaCO2、W/D值明显下降,血清中IL-6含量也均下降。结论七叶皂苷钠可减轻高原肺水肿的发生,为临床治疗高原肺水肿提供了一个可能的途径。

Rifaximin,but not growth factor 1,reduces brain edema in cirrhotic rats

AIM:To compare rifaximin and insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-1 treatment of hyperammonemia and brain edema in cirrhotic rats with portal occlusion.METHODS:Rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis with ascites plus portal vein occlusion and controls were randomized into six groups:Cirrhosis;Cirrhosis + IGF-1;Cirrhosis + rifaximin;Controls;Controls + IGF-1;and Controls + rifaximin.An oral glutamine-challenge test was performed,and plasma and cerebral ammonia,glucose,bilirubin,transaminases,endotoxemia,brain water content and ileocecal cultures were measured and liver histology was assessed.RESULTS:Rifaximin treatment significantly reduced bacterial overgrowth and endotoxemia compared with cirrhosis groups,and improved some liver function parameters(bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase).These effects were associated with a significant reduction in cerebral water content.Blood and cerebral ammonia levels,and area-underthe-curve values for oral glutamine-challenge tests were similar in rifaximin-treated cirrhotic rats and control group animals.By contrast,IGF-1 administration failed to improve most alterations observed in cirrhosis.CONCLUSION:By reducing gut bacterial overgrowth,only rifaximin was capable of normalizing plasma and brain ammonia and thereby abolishing low-grade brain edema,alterations associated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Effects of bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in distal ends of finger and toe on survival rate and brain edema in cerebral ischemic rats

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in the distal ends of the finger and toe on survival rate,survival time,and brain edema in rats with cerebral ischemia.METHODS:Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal,sham operation,model,bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in distal ends of finger and toe,and puncture without bloodletting at these points.Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established according to Longa's method.The brains were taken 48 h after the model was established.Brain water content,brain density,brain coefficient,survival rate,and survival time in each group were measured.RESULTS:After bloodletting puncture,the survival time of the rats was prolonged,their brain water content and brain coefficient were reduced,and brain density was increased.CONCLUSION:Bloodletting puncture at Jing-Well points in the distal ends of the finger and toe can improve function in ischemic brain edema.

Effect of Xingnaojing injection on cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier in rats following traumatic brain injury

Objective：To explore the effects of Xingnaojing injection on cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier （BBB） in rats following traumatic brain injury （TBI）.Methods： A total of 108 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as subjects and randomly assigned to three groups：sham-operation,TBI and Xingnaojing injection was set up by the improved device of Feeney＇s weightcontent and BBB permeability expressed as Evans blue content were measured at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after surgery.Results： In sham-operation group, brain water content and Evans blue content in brain tissue were 78.97%±1.22%and 5.13μg±0.71μg. Following TBI, water content in brain tissue was increased significantly at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days （83.49%±0.54%, 82.74%±0.72%, 80.22%±0.68%, 79.21%±0.60%）, being significantly higher than that in sham operation group （P〈0.05）. Evans blue content was increased in TBI group （16.54 μg±0.60 μg, 14.92μg±0.71μg, 12.44 μg ±0.92μg, 10.14μg±0.52 μg） as compared with sham-operation group（P〈0.05）. After treatment with Xingnaojing injection, brain water content decreased as compared with TBI group （81.91%±1.04%, 80.38%±0.72%, 79.54%±0.58%,78.60%±0.77%, P〈0.05）. Xingnaojing injection also reduced the leakage of BBB as compared with TBI group （15.11 μg± 0.63 μg, 13.62 μg±0.85μg, 10.06 μg±0.67 μg, 9.54 μg±0.41 μg,P〈0.05）.Conclusion： Xingnaojing injection could alleviate cerebral edema following TBI via reducing permeability ofBBB.