为了研究2023年春末时期四川地区强降水天气过程,本文采用中国气象局常规自动站观测资料和日本的葵花9号卫星数据,通过天气学诊断分析方法,对发生在2023年春末四川地区的2次强降水天气过程进行对比分析,得到以下结果:1) 2023年春末四川...为了研究2023年春末时期四川地区强降水天气过程,本文采用中国气象局常规自动站观测资料和日本的葵花9号卫星数据,通过天气学诊断分析方法,对发生在2023年春末四川地区的2次强降水天气过程进行对比分析,得到以下结果:1) 2023年春末四川地区出现的强降水天气主要在西太平洋副热带高压强盛的背景下产生,一般还伴随着气旋式切边或短波槽存在,在春末时期偶尔会有冷空气南下造成降水天气。2) 一次降水天气过程期间一般有多个对流活动演变,葵花9号卫星资料可以观测生命周期较短的对流天气过程,在对流云团很小的初生阶段也能比较清晰地观测出来。3) 在一定前提下,通过监测红外和水汽通道上的最低亮温变化可以在一定程度下预防强对流活动以及强降水天气。In order to study the weather process of heavy precipitation in Sichuan in late spring of 2023, this paper uses the observation data of the automatic station of the China Meteorological Administration and the Himawari-9 data of Japan to analyze the background of the circulation situation and analyze the cloud map data through the meteorological diagnostic analysis method, and analyze and compare the five heavy precipitation weather processes that occurred in Sichuan in the late spring of 2023, and obtain the following results: 1) Most of the heavy precipitation weather in Sichuan during the late spring period occurred under the background of the western Pacific subtropical high. There are accompanied by cyclonic trimming or shortwave troughs, and in late spring, cold air occasionally moves southward to cause precipitation. 2) There are generally multiple convective activities during a precipitation weather process, and the Himawari-9 data can observe convective weather processes with short life cycles, and can also be observed relatively clearly in the initial stage when the convective clouds are small. 3) Under certain conditions, severe convective activities and heavy precipitation can be prevented to a certain extent by monitoring the changes of minimum bright temperature on infrared and water vapor channels.展开更多
应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气...应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气温地温越高,0℃层高度越高,在19:00相关性最好,系数大于0.95;温度露点差(T-Td)值与日降水量、日最低气温和0 cm最低地温成反相关,而与气温日较差成正相关,最大相关系数大于0.7。河西0℃层高度在3300~5000 m,气压在680~560 h Pa,T-Td在10~17℃,早上低而湿,夜间相反。干湿天气对比中,干天气时0℃层高度高且早晚变化明显,19:00较高;而湿天气时T-Td早晚变化明显,07:00较小。有降水时,0℃层高度在3000~4800 m,气压在750~570 h Pa,T-Td<8℃,07:00 T-Td<6℃;昼夜变化中夜间降水07:00高度低,而白天降水19:00高度低。不同降水量级中,T-Td从小到大为大雨、中雨和小雨,相应最大值分别为2℃、5℃和9℃。雷暴0℃层高度在3600~4900 m,气压在660~560 h Pa,T-Td≤7℃。风沙天气0℃层气压在700~540 h Pa,沙尘暴0℃层高度7-9月07:00明显较高,7-8月达5000 m以上;沙尘暴天气出现时早上干而夜间湿,19:00 T-Td<5℃,因而汛期沙暴多发生在午后且伴有降水。≥35℃高温天气0℃层高度在4600~5300 m,气压在570~530 h Pa,T-Td≥13℃。展开更多
文摘为了研究2023年春末时期四川地区强降水天气过程,本文采用中国气象局常规自动站观测资料和日本的葵花9号卫星数据,通过天气学诊断分析方法,对发生在2023年春末四川地区的2次强降水天气过程进行对比分析,得到以下结果:1) 2023年春末四川地区出现的强降水天气主要在西太平洋副热带高压强盛的背景下产生,一般还伴随着气旋式切边或短波槽存在,在春末时期偶尔会有冷空气南下造成降水天气。2) 一次降水天气过程期间一般有多个对流活动演变,葵花9号卫星资料可以观测生命周期较短的对流天气过程,在对流云团很小的初生阶段也能比较清晰地观测出来。3) 在一定前提下,通过监测红外和水汽通道上的最低亮温变化可以在一定程度下预防强对流活动以及强降水天气。In order to study the weather process of heavy precipitation in Sichuan in late spring of 2023, this paper uses the observation data of the automatic station of the China Meteorological Administration and the Himawari-9 data of Japan to analyze the background of the circulation situation and analyze the cloud map data through the meteorological diagnostic analysis method, and analyze and compare the five heavy precipitation weather processes that occurred in Sichuan in the late spring of 2023, and obtain the following results: 1) Most of the heavy precipitation weather in Sichuan during the late spring period occurred under the background of the western Pacific subtropical high. There are accompanied by cyclonic trimming or shortwave troughs, and in late spring, cold air occasionally moves southward to cause precipitation. 2) There are generally multiple convective activities during a precipitation weather process, and the Himawari-9 data can observe convective weather processes with short life cycles, and can also be observed relatively clearly in the initial stage when the convective clouds are small. 3) Under certain conditions, severe convective activities and heavy precipitation can be prevented to a certain extent by monitoring the changes of minimum bright temperature on infrared and water vapor channels.
文摘应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气温地温越高,0℃层高度越高,在19:00相关性最好,系数大于0.95;温度露点差(T-Td)值与日降水量、日最低气温和0 cm最低地温成反相关,而与气温日较差成正相关,最大相关系数大于0.7。河西0℃层高度在3300~5000 m,气压在680~560 h Pa,T-Td在10~17℃,早上低而湿,夜间相反。干湿天气对比中,干天气时0℃层高度高且早晚变化明显,19:00较高;而湿天气时T-Td早晚变化明显,07:00较小。有降水时,0℃层高度在3000~4800 m,气压在750~570 h Pa,T-Td<8℃,07:00 T-Td<6℃;昼夜变化中夜间降水07:00高度低,而白天降水19:00高度低。不同降水量级中,T-Td从小到大为大雨、中雨和小雨,相应最大值分别为2℃、5℃和9℃。雷暴0℃层高度在3600~4900 m,气压在660~560 h Pa,T-Td≤7℃。风沙天气0℃层气压在700~540 h Pa,沙尘暴0℃层高度7-9月07:00明显较高,7-8月达5000 m以上;沙尘暴天气出现时早上干而夜间湿,19:00 T-Td<5℃,因而汛期沙暴多发生在午后且伴有降水。≥35℃高温天气0℃层高度在4600~5300 m,气压在570~530 h Pa,T-Td≥13℃。
